雅砻江普斯罗坝址深部裂缝带成因的探讨
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摘要
雅砻江普斯罗坝址在工程勘探过程中,发现了深部裂缝带,裂缝带位于100~200 m深处,与地表有巨厚的完整岩体相隔,产状与该区的一组NE向断裂基本一致;断层物质的最新形成年龄为2.7~9万年,裂缝面上有水平、斜向和上下擦痕,表明深部裂缝带可能是断裂带新活动的结果。断裂新活动所产生的地震波,受到疏松破碎带的阻挡,导致深部裂缝带出现。这一成因机制,在地下核爆炸和岩石动力学的试验观测中有所证实。
The deep fissure zones have been discovered during the engineering investigation at Pusiluo dam-site,Yalongjiang River.The zones,located 100-200 meters beneath the ground,are separated by thick uninterrupted rock mass between the ground gravity unloading zone and the fissure zone.The occurrence of the deep fissure zone is similar to that of a group of NE directional faults in this area.The newest fault gouge was developed 27-90 thousand years ago and had horizontal,oblique,up-down scratches on the fissure surface.All these observable facts indicate that the deep fissure zone was perhaps caused by the recent activity of the faults,which generated seismi waves and created the deep fissure zone when the stress of waves was larger than(rock's) tensile strength.The genesis of deep fissure zone has been observed in the ground nuclear explosion and rock dynamics experiment.
The deep fissure zones have been discovered during the engineering investigation at Pusiluo dam-site,Yalongjiang River.The zones,located 100-200 meters beneath the ground,are separated by thick uninterrupted rock mass between the ground gravity unloading zone and the fissure zone.The occurrence of the deep fissure zone is similar to that of a group of NE directional faults in this area.The newest fault gouge was developed 27-90 thousand years ago and had horizontal,oblique,up-down scratches on the fissure surface.All these observable facts indicate that the deep fissure zone was perhaps caused by the recent activity of the faults,which generated seismi waves and created the deep fissure zone when the stress of waves was larger than(rock's) tensile strength.The genesis of deep fissure zone has been observed in the ground nuclear explosion and rock dynamics experiment.
引文
[1]中国科学院地质所,昆明地球研究所,中国科学院地理所西南分所.锦屏地区及其外围地壳活动性与地震地质条件的研究总结报告[R].1967
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[2]国家电力公司成都勘测设计研究院.雅砻江锦屏一级水电站可行性研究报告(综合说明)[R].2003
[3]中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院.雅砻江锦屏一级水电站普斯罗沟坝址左岸深部裂缝成因研究概况(汇报材料)[R].2005
[4]国家电力公司成都勘测设计研究院.雅砻江锦屏一级水电站可行性研究报告,3.工程地质[R].2003.65~126
[5]国家电力公司成都勘测设计研究院,成都理工大学.雅砻江锦屏一级水电站可行性研究报告,工程地质专题2.坝段岩石及构造研究专题报告[R].2003.118~162
[6]李愿军.“深部裂缝带”一种新的地震构造样式[J].中国工程科学,2006,8(4):12~18,45
[7]晏贤富.云南及邻区深部地质构造[J].地质学报,1981,(1)
[8]中国地震局地质研究所.雅砻江锦屏二级水电站场地地震参数研究报告[R].2003
[9]中国人民解放军总装备部军事训练教材编辑工作委员会.地下核爆炸现象学概论(上册)[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002
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