城市轨道交通高架桥梁抗震设计中的关键问题
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摘要
伴随我国城市轨道交通建设的快速发展,轨道交通抗震安全已成为我国大中型城市和地区生命安全、交通秩序、正常的经济和社会活动的重要保障。本文针对城市轨道交通高架桥梁结构和线路运行特点,结合国内外地震中铁路和轨道交通桥梁破坏特征,参照桥梁抗震设计思想和国内外桥梁抗震设计规范内容,综合论述了轨道交通抗震设计中抗震设防分类、设防标准与性能目标的确定,结构安全和行车安全指标的选取,桩-土相互作用、轨道系统和车辆作用的模拟等关键问题,并结合设计工作特点,对研究工作与设计工作的结合提出了建议。
With the fast development of modern metropolitans and districts,the seismic safety of the bridges has become an important issue in the design and construction of the urban rail transit systems.The state-of-the-art overview and discussions have been given to the key issues in the anti-seismic design of urban rail transit bridges,including determination of seismic fortification category,seismic fortification criterion and performance criteria,selection of seismic indices for the structural safety,transit running safety,simulation of pile-soil-interaction,and effect of the rail system and the trains.Finally,some suggestions on the research and design work.in the future are given in this paper.
With the fast development of modern metropolitans and districts,the seismic safety of the bridges has become an important issue in the design and construction of the urban rail transit systems.The state-of-the-art overview and discussions have been given to the key issues in the anti-seismic design of urban rail transit bridges,including determination of seismic fortification category,seismic fortification criterion and performance criteria,selection of seismic indices for the structural safety,transit running safety,simulation of pile-soil-interaction,and effect of the rail system and the trains.Finally,some suggestions on the research and design work.in the future are given in this paper.
引文
韩艳,夏禾,郭薇薇,2006a.斜拉桥在地震与列车荷载同时作用下的动力响应分析.工程力学,23(1):93—98,68.
韩艳,夏禾,张楠,2006b.考虑非一致地震输入的车-桥系统动力响应分析.中国铁道科学,27(5):46—53.
韩艳,夏禾,2006c.地震作用下列车过桥安全性分析.中国安全科学学报,16(7):24—30.
黄艳,阎贵平,刘林,2002.轨道约束对铁路桥梁纵向地震反应特性的影响.铁道学报,24(5):124—128.
李运生,阎贵平,钟铁毅,2004.影响铁路桥梁行车安全的因素——桥墩横向刚度问题的研究.中国安全科学学报,14(2):98—101.
李忠献,黄健,张媛等,2005.地震作用对轻轨铁路车桥系统耦合振动的影响.地震工程与工程振动,25(6):183—188.
刘杰伟,王兴斌,潘健等,2008.桩群中设置斜桩对其工作性质影响的研究.昆明理工大学学报(理工版),33(1):56—59.
刘林,阎贵平,辛学忠,2002.京沪高速铁路地震预警系统的方案及关键参数研究.中国安全科学学报,12(4):75—79.
龙炳煌,雷立志,2007.高桩码头叉桩震害分析及设计建议.中国港湾建设,1期:7—10.
马坤全,陈文艳,2002.轨道交通无缝线路对高架桥抗震性能的影响.城市轨道交通研究,1期:32—39.
王青桥,2009.桥梁桩基础抗震设计方法比较研究.上海:同济大学桥梁工程系.
向俊,曾庆元,周智辉,2004.桥上列车脱轨的力学机理、能量随机分析理论及其应用.铁道学报,26(2):97—104.
颜海泉,2008.地震作用下桥梁结构的阻尼建模.上海:同济大学桥梁工程系.
燕斌,2007.桥梁桩基础抗震简化模型比较研究.上海:同济大学桥梁工程系.
杨春雷,翟婉明,2002.车辆动力学仿真中评判脱轨的直接方法.交通运输工程学报,2(3):23—26.
曾庆元,向俊,娄平等,2004.列车脱轨的力学机理与防止脱轨理论.铁道科学与工程学报,1(1):19—31.
翟婉明,陈果,2001.根据车轮抬升量评判车辆脱轨的方法与准则.铁道学报,23(2):17—26.
张俊杰,2000.城市轨道交通高架桥抗震分析.上海:同济大学桥梁工程系.
中华人民共和国交通部,1998.港口工程桩基规范(JTJ254-98).北京:人民交通出版社.
中华人民共和国交通运输部,2008.公路桥梁抗震设计细则(JTG/T B02-01-2008).北京:人民交通出版社.
中华人民共和国铁道部,2006.铁路工程抗震设计规范(GB50111-2006).北京:中国计划出版社.
日本道路协会,2002.道路桥示方书同解说-V耐震设计编.日本东京:丸善株式会社出版事业部.
日本铁道技术综合研究所,1999.铁道构造物等设计标准同解说-耐震设计.日本东京:丸善株式会社出版事业部.
出羽利行,西岡英俊，神田政幸等，2008.斜杭基礎の水平抵抗特性と地震時動的挙動に関する解析-実験.铁道総研報告特集：構造物の耐震技術,22(3):35—40.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials(AASHTO),2007.AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications(SI Units).Fourth Edition.Washington,DC:AASHTO.
Boulanger R.W.,Curras C.J.,Kutter B.L.et al.,1999.Seismic soil-pile-structure interaction experiments and analyses.Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,125(9):750—759.
El Naggar M.,Bentley K.J.,2000.Dynamic analysis for laterally loaded piles and dynamic p-y curves.Canadian Geotechnical,37:1166—1193.
El Naggar M.,Novak M.,1995.Nonlinear latreral interaction in pile dynamics.Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,14(3):141—157.
European Committee for Standardization,2005.BS EN1998-2:2005.Eurocode8-Design of structures for earthquake resistance-Part2:Bridges.London,UK:British Standards Institution.
Harn R.E.,2004.Have Batter Piles Gotten a Bad Rap in Seismic Zones(Or Everything You Wanted to Know About Batter Piles But Were Afraid to Ask)//Proceedings of Ports2004:Port Development in the Changing World.Houston:Ports and Harbors Technical Committee of the Coasts,Oceans,Ports,and Rivers Institute(COPRI)of ASCE,U.S.:1—10.
Penzien J.,Scheffey C.F.,Parmelee R.A.,1964.Seismic analysis of bridges on long piles.Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers:223—254.
Schlechter S.M.,Dickenson S.E.,Mc Cullough N.J.et al.,2004.Influence of Batter Piles on the Dynamic Behaviorof Pile-Supported Wharf Structures//Proceedings of Ports2004:Port Development in the Changing World.Houston:Ports and Harbors Technical Committee of the Coasts,Oceans,Ports,and Rivers Institute(COPRI)of ASCE,U.S.:1—10.
Subcommittee for Seismic Effects on Bridges T-3,2007.Proposed AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design.Imbsen Consulting.
Wang S.,Kutter B.,Chacko M.et al.,1998.Nonlinear seismic soil-pile structure interaction.Earthquake Spectra,14(2):377—396.
韩艳,夏禾,张楠,2006b.考虑非一致地震输入的车-桥系统动力响应分析.中国铁道科学,27(5):46—53.
韩艳,夏禾,2006c.地震作用下列车过桥安全性分析.中国安全科学学报,16(7):24—30.
黄艳,阎贵平,刘林,2002.轨道约束对铁路桥梁纵向地震反应特性的影响.铁道学报,24(5):124—128.
李运生,阎贵平,钟铁毅,2004.影响铁路桥梁行车安全的因素——桥墩横向刚度问题的研究.中国安全科学学报,14(2):98—101.
李忠献,黄健,张媛等,2005.地震作用对轻轨铁路车桥系统耦合振动的影响.地震工程与工程振动,25(6):183—188.
刘杰伟,王兴斌,潘健等,2008.桩群中设置斜桩对其工作性质影响的研究.昆明理工大学学报(理工版),33(1):56—59.
刘林,阎贵平,辛学忠,2002.京沪高速铁路地震预警系统的方案及关键参数研究.中国安全科学学报,12(4):75—79.
龙炳煌,雷立志,2007.高桩码头叉桩震害分析及设计建议.中国港湾建设,1期:7—10.
马坤全,陈文艳,2002.轨道交通无缝线路对高架桥抗震性能的影响.城市轨道交通研究,1期:32—39.
王青桥,2009.桥梁桩基础抗震设计方法比较研究.上海:同济大学桥梁工程系.
向俊,曾庆元,周智辉,2004.桥上列车脱轨的力学机理、能量随机分析理论及其应用.铁道学报,26(2):97—104.
颜海泉,2008.地震作用下桥梁结构的阻尼建模.上海:同济大学桥梁工程系.
燕斌,2007.桥梁桩基础抗震简化模型比较研究.上海:同济大学桥梁工程系.
杨春雷,翟婉明,2002.车辆动力学仿真中评判脱轨的直接方法.交通运输工程学报,2(3):23—26.
曾庆元,向俊,娄平等,2004.列车脱轨的力学机理与防止脱轨理论.铁道科学与工程学报,1(1):19—31.
翟婉明,陈果,2001.根据车轮抬升量评判车辆脱轨的方法与准则.铁道学报,23(2):17—26.
张俊杰,2000.城市轨道交通高架桥抗震分析.上海:同济大学桥梁工程系.
中华人民共和国交通部,1998.港口工程桩基规范(JTJ254-98).北京:人民交通出版社.
中华人民共和国交通运输部,2008.公路桥梁抗震设计细则(JTG/T B02-01-2008).北京:人民交通出版社.
中华人民共和国铁道部,2006.铁路工程抗震设计规范(GB50111-2006).北京:中国计划出版社.
日本道路协会,2002.道路桥示方书同解说-V耐震设计编.日本东京:丸善株式会社出版事业部.
日本铁道技术综合研究所,1999.铁道构造物等设计标准同解说-耐震设计.日本东京:丸善株式会社出版事业部.
出羽利行,西岡英俊，神田政幸等，2008.斜杭基礎の水平抵抗特性と地震時動的挙動に関する解析-実験.铁道総研報告特集：構造物の耐震技術,22(3):35—40.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials(AASHTO),2007.AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications(SI Units).Fourth Edition.Washington,DC:AASHTO.
Boulanger R.W.,Curras C.J.,Kutter B.L.et al.,1999.Seismic soil-pile-structure interaction experiments and analyses.Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,125(9):750—759.
El Naggar M.,Bentley K.J.,2000.Dynamic analysis for laterally loaded piles and dynamic p-y curves.Canadian Geotechnical,37:1166—1193.
El Naggar M.,Novak M.,1995.Nonlinear latreral interaction in pile dynamics.Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,14(3):141—157.
European Committee for Standardization,2005.BS EN1998-2:2005.Eurocode8-Design of structures for earthquake resistance-Part2:Bridges.London,UK:British Standards Institution.
Harn R.E.,2004.Have Batter Piles Gotten a Bad Rap in Seismic Zones(Or Everything You Wanted to Know About Batter Piles But Were Afraid to Ask)//Proceedings of Ports2004:Port Development in the Changing World.Houston:Ports and Harbors Technical Committee of the Coasts,Oceans,Ports,and Rivers Institute(COPRI)of ASCE,U.S.:1—10.
Penzien J.,Scheffey C.F.,Parmelee R.A.,1964.Seismic analysis of bridges on long piles.Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers:223—254.
Schlechter S.M.,Dickenson S.E.,Mc Cullough N.J.et al.,2004.Influence of Batter Piles on the Dynamic Behaviorof Pile-Supported Wharf Structures//Proceedings of Ports2004:Port Development in the Changing World.Houston:Ports and Harbors Technical Committee of the Coasts,Oceans,Ports,and Rivers Institute(COPRI)of ASCE,U.S.:1—10.
Subcommittee for Seismic Effects on Bridges T-3,2007.Proposed AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design.Imbsen Consulting.
Wang S.,Kutter B.,Chacko M.et al.,1998.Nonlinear seismic soil-pile structure interaction.Earthquake Spectra,14(2):377—396.
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