与观测方向无关的水平地震动参数计算方法
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摘要
强震动记录的使用通常不考虑观测方向对于水平地震动参数计算的影响。文中以2008年汶川Ms8.0级地震中绵竹清平台获取的强震动记录为研究对象,对记录进行水平向旋转以模拟观测方向的变化,分析水平向峰值加速度PGA、峰值速度PGV、相对持时DR、绝对持时DA及谱加速度PSA随观测方向的变化情况。结果表明,PGA、PGV及PSA的计算较大依赖于观测方向,而DR和DA则受观测方向影响较小。为此文中提出了一种与观测方向无关的水平地震动参数计算方法,对于计算诸如PGA、PGV等与周期无关的地震动参数时不考虑周期独立;而对于计算诸如PSA等与周期有关的地震动参数时考虑周期独立。
For usage of strong-motion recordings,it is usually not considered the effect of observation-orientation on computing the parameters of horizontal ground motion.The strong motion recording obtained from Qingping Station in Mianzhu City of Ms8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008 are adopted.Two orthogonal horizontal acceleration time-histors are rotated in horizontal plane,and the variations of peak ground acceleration(PGA),peak ground velocity(PGV),relative duration(DR),absolute duration(DA) and pseudo spectra acceleration(PSA) with respect to different observation orientation are analyzed.The results show that PGA,PGV and PSA are highly dependent on observation-orientation,while DR and DA are independent.Therefore,a new method for computing the parameters of horizontal ground motion is suggested,which is orientation-independent.It includes two schemes that the one is for the period-independent parameters such as PGA,PGV and the other one is for the period-dependent parameters such as PSA.
For usage of strong-motion recordings,it is usually not considered the effect of observation-orientation on computing the parameters of horizontal ground motion.The strong motion recording obtained from Qingping Station in Mianzhu City of Ms8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008 are adopted.Two orthogonal horizontal acceleration time-histors are rotated in horizontal plane,and the variations of peak ground acceleration(PGA),peak ground velocity(PGV),relative duration(DR),absolute duration(DA) and pseudo spectra acceleration(PSA) with respect to different observation orientation are analyzed.The results show that PGA,PGV and PSA are highly dependent on observation-orientation,while DR and DA are independent.Therefore,a new method for computing the parameters of horizontal ground motion is suggested,which is orientation-independent.It includes two schemes that the one is for the period-independent parameters such as PGA,PGV and the other one is for the period-dependent parameters such as PSA.
引文
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[12]周雍年,章文波,于海英.数字强震仪记录的长周期误差分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(2):1-9.ZHOU Yongnian,ZHANG Wenbo,YU Haiying.Analysis of long-period error for accelerograms recorded by digital seismographs[J].Journal ofEarthquake Engineering and Vibration Engineering,1997,17(2):1-9.
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[15]KANG Lanchi,JIN Xing.Ground motion attenuation relations of small and moderate earthquakes in Sichuan region[J].Earthquake Science,2009,22(3):277-282.
[16]WANG Dong,XIE Lili,Abrahamson N A,et al.Comparison of strong ground motion from the Wenchuan,China,Earthquake of 12 May 2008 withthe next generation attenuation(NGA)ground-Motion Models[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2010,100(5B):2381-2395.
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[18]Wald D J,Quitoriano V,Heaton T H,et al.Relationships between peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity,and modified Mercalli intensi-ty in California[J].Earthquake Spectra,1999,15(3):557-564.
[19]袁一凡.由地震动三要素确定地震动强度的研究[R].国家地震局工程力学研究所研究报告,1998:1-51.YUAN Yifan.Research on determining the earthquake intensity based on three factors of ground motion[R].Report of Institute of Earthquake Me-chanics,China Earthquake Administration,1998:1-55.
[20]Bommer JJ,Martinez-Pereira A.Strong motion parameters:definition,usefulness and predictability[C]//Proceedings of the 12th World Confer-ence of Earthquake engineering.Auckland,New Zealand;2000,paper no.206.
[21]Julian J.Bommer,Peter J.Stafford,et al.Empirical equations for the prediction of the significant,bracketed,and uniform duration of earthquakeground motion[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2009,99(6):3217-3233.
[22]Wang G Q,Zhou X Y,Zhang P Z,et al.Characteristics of amplitude and duration for near fault strong ground motion from the 1999 Chi-Chi,Tai-wan Earthquake[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(1):73-96.
[23]张敏政,刘洁平.土耳其伊兹米特地震(1999,M7.4)的强地震动[J].世界地震工程,2000,16(2):1-7.ZHANG Minzheng,LIU Jieping.The strong motions of 1999 Izmit M7.4 Turkey,earthquake[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2000,16(2):1-7.
[24]Bolt B A.Duration of strong ground motions[C]//Proceedings 5WCEE,Rome,1973:1304-1313.
[25]Kawashima K,Aizawa K.Bracketed and normalized durations of earthquake ground acceleration[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynam-ics,1989,18(7):1041-1051.
[2]YU Y X,GAO M T.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on peak acceleration during the Jiji(Chi-Chi),Taiwan Province,Earthquake[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2001,14(6):654-659.
[3]温瑞智,周正华,任叶飞,等.汶川强余震流动观测与典型余震记录分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(5):13-19.WEN Ruizhi,ZHOU Zhenghua,REN Yefei,et al.The mobile strong-motion observation and preliminary analysis of typical records for Wenchuanaftershocks[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Vibration Engineering,2009,29(5):13-19.
[4]WEN R Z,REN Y F,ZHOU Z H,et al.Preliminary site classification of free-field strong motion stations based on Wenchuan Earthquake records[J].Earthquake Science,2010,23(1):101-110.
[5]Wald D J,Quitoriano V,Heaton T H,et al.Trinet“ShakeMaps”:rapid generation of peak ground motion and intensity maps for earthquakes inSounthern California[J].Earthquake Spectra,1999,15(3):537-555.
[6]Beyer K,Bommer J J.Relationships between median values and between aleatory variabilities for different definitions of the horizontal componentof motion[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2006,96(4):1512-1522.
[7]中国地震局.中国数字强震动台网技术规程(JSGC-03)[S].China Earthquake Administration.Stipulation on China Digital Strong Motion Networks(JSGC-03)[S].
[8]Akkar S,Boore D M,Gulkan P.An evaluation of the strong ground motion recorded during the May 1,2003,Bing,Turkey,earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2005,9(2):173-197.
[9]Boore D M.Effect of baseline corrections on displacements and response spectra for several recordings of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan[J].Bulletinof the Seismological Society of America,2001,91(5):1199-1211.
[10]王国权,周锡元.921台湾集集地震近断层强震记录的基线校正[J].地震地质,2004,26(1):1-14.WANG Guoquan,ZHOU Xiyuan.Baseline correction of near fault ground motion recordings of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan earthquake[J].Seis-mology and Geology,2004,26(1):1-14.
[11]Boore D M,Bommer J J.Processing of strong-motion accelerograms:needs,options and consequences[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engi-neering,2005,25(2):93-115.
[12]周雍年,章文波,于海英.数字强震仪记录的长周期误差分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(2):1-9.ZHOU Yongnian,ZHANG Wenbo,YU Haiying.Analysis of long-period error for accelerograms recorded by digital seismographs[J].Journal ofEarthquake Engineering and Vibration Engineering,1997,17(2):1-9.
[13]BOORE D M.TSPP-A collection of FORTRAN programs for processing and manipulating time series,U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report2008-1111,Revision 2.1[R].Menlo Park:California,2010.
[14]LU Dawei,CUI Jianwen,LI Xiaojun,et al.Ground motion attenuation of Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Science,2010,23(1):95-100.
[15]KANG Lanchi,JIN Xing.Ground motion attenuation relations of small and moderate earthquakes in Sichuan region[J].Earthquake Science,2009,22(3):277-282.
[16]WANG Dong,XIE Lili,Abrahamson N A,et al.Comparison of strong ground motion from the Wenchuan,China,Earthquake of 12 May 2008 withthe next generation attenuation(NGA)ground-Motion Models[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2010,100(5B):2381-2395.
[17]Li X J,Liu L,Wang Y S,et al.Analysis of horizontal strong-motion attenuation in the Great 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seis-mological Society of America,2010,100(5B):2440-2449.
[18]Wald D J,Quitoriano V,Heaton T H,et al.Relationships between peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity,and modified Mercalli intensi-ty in California[J].Earthquake Spectra,1999,15(3):557-564.
[19]袁一凡.由地震动三要素确定地震动强度的研究[R].国家地震局工程力学研究所研究报告,1998:1-51.YUAN Yifan.Research on determining the earthquake intensity based on three factors of ground motion[R].Report of Institute of Earthquake Me-chanics,China Earthquake Administration,1998:1-55.
[20]Bommer JJ,Martinez-Pereira A.Strong motion parameters:definition,usefulness and predictability[C]//Proceedings of the 12th World Confer-ence of Earthquake engineering.Auckland,New Zealand;2000,paper no.206.
[21]Julian J.Bommer,Peter J.Stafford,et al.Empirical equations for the prediction of the significant,bracketed,and uniform duration of earthquakeground motion[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2009,99(6):3217-3233.
[22]Wang G Q,Zhou X Y,Zhang P Z,et al.Characteristics of amplitude and duration for near fault strong ground motion from the 1999 Chi-Chi,Tai-wan Earthquake[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(1):73-96.
[23]张敏政,刘洁平.土耳其伊兹米特地震(1999,M7.4)的强地震动[J].世界地震工程,2000,16(2):1-7.ZHANG Minzheng,LIU Jieping.The strong motions of 1999 Izmit M7.4 Turkey,earthquake[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2000,16(2):1-7.
[24]Bolt B A.Duration of strong ground motions[C]//Proceedings 5WCEE,Rome,1973:1304-1313.
[25]Kawashima K,Aizawa K.Bracketed and normalized durations of earthquake ground acceleration[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynam-ics,1989,18(7):1041-1051.
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