塔里木盆地北部塔河油田奥陶系加里东期岩溶作用及其油气地质意义
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摘要
详细的钻井地质学、地球物理和地球化学研究表明,塔河油田南部奥陶系内部和顶部发育多幕次的加里东期岩溶作用,主要表现在奥陶系内部牙形石带缺失、钻井放空和泥浆漏失、地震剖面上奥陶统反射波组底部上超和顶部削截,以及溶洞充填方解石的Sr同位素特征等方面。加里东期岩溶储层主要受不整合面、断裂、岩性和古地貌等因素控制,表现出明显的断控和层控特征。由此预测该储层发育区位于古风化壳剥蚀区、加里东期断裂发育区和滩相储层发育区的叠合部位,主要位于阿克库勒凸起的轴部倾没端和塔河西南部、东南部的北东向、近南北向断裂发育区。
Intensive geological, geophysical and geochemical studies indicate that polyphase Caledonian karstification occurred inside and at the top of the Ordovician in the southern part of the Tahe oilfield. The karstification is mainly manifested by the absence of the conodont zone, caving of wells and mud leaking in wells, onlap of the base of the upper Ordovician reflection wave group in the seismic section and erosional truncation of its top and Sr isotope features of calcites filling in core caves. The Caledonian karst reservoirs were mainly controlled by such factors as unconformity, faults, lithology and paleogeomorphology, showing distinct fault-controlled and stratabound features. Thus it is predicted that the areas of favorable reservoir rocks would be located in stacked sites of erosional areas of paleoweathering crust, areas of Caledonian faulting and areas of shoal reservoir rocks, e.g. the plunging crown of the axial zone of the Akekule anticline and the NE- and nearly N-S-trending fault zones in the southwest and southeast parts of the Tahe oilfield.
Intensive geological, geophysical and geochemical studies indicate that polyphase Caledonian karstification occurred inside and at the top of the Ordovician in the southern part of the Tahe oilfield. The karstification is mainly manifested by the absence of the conodont zone, caving of wells and mud leaking in wells, onlap of the base of the upper Ordovician reflection wave group in the seismic section and erosional truncation of its top and Sr isotope features of calcites filling in core caves. The Caledonian karst reservoirs were mainly controlled by such factors as unconformity, faults, lithology and paleogeomorphology, showing distinct fault-controlled and stratabound features. Thus it is predicted that the areas of favorable reservoir rocks would be located in stacked sites of erosional areas of paleoweathering crust, areas of Caledonian faulting and areas of shoal reservoir rocks, e.g. the plunging crown of the axial zone of the Akekule anticline and the NE- and nearly N-S-trending fault zones in the southwest and southeast parts of the Tahe oilfield.
引文
吴茂炳,张达景,张涛,等.塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩储层成因及分布研究.2005.
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[1]林忠民.塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系大型油气藏形成条件[J].地质论评,2002,48(4):372-376.
[2]Saller H A,Budd A D,Harris M P.Unconformities and porosity development in carbonate strata:Ideas from a Hedberg conference[J].AAPG Bull.,1994,78(6):857-872.
[3]Charles K.Karst-controled reservoir heterogeneity in Ellenburger Group carbonates of west Texas[J].AAPG Bull.,1988,72(10):1160-1183.
[4]陈强路,王恕一,钱一雄,等.塔里木盆地阿克库勒地区下奥陶统古岩溶及油气分布[J].沉积学报,2002,20(4):633-637.
[5]张涛,云露,邬兴威,等.锶同位素在塔河油田古岩溶期次划分中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(3):299-303.
[6]肖玉茹,何峰煜,孙义梅.古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征研究——以塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(1):75-80.
[7]张抗.塔河油田似层状储集体的发现及勘探方向[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):4-9.
[8]金振奎,邹元荣,蒋春雷,等.大港探区奥陶系岩溶储层发育分布控制因素[J].沉积学报,2001,19(4):530-535.
[9]区永和.碳酸盐岩的裂隙网络连通度及其对岩溶的控制[J].地球科学,1991,16(1):71-77.
[10]李彬,Stein-Erik Lauritzen.挪威极地岩溶及其形成机制[J].中国岩溶,1997,16(2):177-185.
[11]Cater J M,Gillcrist J R.Karstic reservoirs of the mid-Creta-ceous Mardin Group,SE Turkey:tectonic and eustatic controls on their genesis,distribution and preservation[J].Journal of Petroleum Gology,1994,17(3):253-278.
[12]何发岐.碳酸盐岩地层中不整合-岩溶风化壳油气田[J].地质论评,2002,48(4):391-397.
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