应用SMA智能阻尼器的结构模糊控制
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摘要
利用形状记忆合金(SMA)的弹性模量随温度变化的特性和SMA超弹滞回耗能特性,设计提出一种新型SMA智能阻尼器。采用模糊控制器确定SMA智能阻尼器的SMA丝工作组数,从而瞬时准确地确定SMA智能阻尼器的刚度和阻尼的档位,并有效降低受控结构地震反应。利用MATLAB提供的模糊控制工具箱和Simulink模块建立仿真模型,数值分析某三层框架结构在无控、主动控制和模糊控制三种情况下的地震反应。仿真结果表明:在模糊控制情况下框架结构底层位移和加速度反应幅值分别降低了41%和48%,控制效果显著,接近主动控制的效果,从而验证了所设计提出的SMA智能阻尼器及其模糊控制的有效性与可靠性。
The Young's modulus of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) is temperature-dependent, and SMA has super-elastic hysteresis behavior. Recognizing this, a novel SMA smart damper is proposed and designed. In which, the number of working groups of SMA wires is determined by employing a fuzzy controller; thereby, the stiffness and damping of SMA smart damper can be determined accurately and instantaneously, and the seismic responses of the controlled structure can be reduced. A simulation model is built using the fuzzy control toolbox and the Simulink block in MATLAB, and the seismic responses of a 3-story frame structure are investigated under no control, active control and fuzzy control. Simulation results show that the amplitudes of displacement and acceleration at the first floor of the frame decreased 41% and 48% respectively by using of fuzzy control, which is comparable to active control. So the designed SMA smart damper as well as its fuzzy controller is demonstrated to be effective and reliable.
The Young's modulus of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) is temperature-dependent, and SMA has super-elastic hysteresis behavior. Recognizing this, a novel SMA smart damper is proposed and designed. In which, the number of working groups of SMA wires is determined by employing a fuzzy controller; thereby, the stiffness and damping of SMA smart damper can be determined accurately and instantaneously, and the seismic responses of the controlled structure can be reduced. A simulation model is built using the fuzzy control toolbox and the Simulink block in MATLAB, and the seismic responses of a 3-story frame structure are investigated under no control, active control and fuzzy control. Simulation results show that the amplitudes of displacement and acceleration at the first floor of the frame decreased 41% and 48% respectively by using of fuzzy control, which is comparable to active control. So the designed SMA smart damper as well as its fuzzy controller is demonstrated to be effective and reliable.
引文
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[5]Han Yulin,Xing Dejin,Xiao Ertian.NiTi-wire shape memory alloy dampers to simultaneously damp tension,compression and torsion[J].Journal of Vibration and Control,2005,11(8):1067―1084.
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[8]Zedeh L A.Fuzzy set[J].Information and Control,1965,12(8):338―353.
[9]Mamdani E H.Application of fuzzy algorithms for control of simple dynamics plants[J].Proceedings of theIEEE,1974,121(12):1585―1588.
[10]Battaini M,Casciati F,Faravelli L.Fuzzy control of structural vibration.An active mass system driven by a fuzzy controller[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27(11):1267―1276.
[11]Faravelli L,Timothy Yao.Use of adaptive networks in fuzzy control of civil structures[J].Microcomputers in Civil Engineering,1996,11(1):67―76.
[12]Masuda A,Noori M.Optimization of hysteretic characteristics of damping devices based on pseudo-elastic shape memory alloy[J].International Journal of Non-linear Mechanics,2002,37(8):1375―1386.
[13]李国勇.智能控制及其MATLAB实现[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.Li Guoyong.Smart control and its realization based on MATLAB[M].Beijing:Electronic Technology Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[2]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys as new materials for seismic isolation[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1991,117(11):2590―2608.
[3]Dolce M,Cardone D,Marnetto R.Implementation and testing of passive control devices based on shape memory alloys[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29(7):945―968.
[4]李冀龙,欧进萍.X形和三角形SMA板式阻尼器的阻尼力模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(6):109―114.Li Jilong,Ou Jinping.Hysteresis model of damping force for X-shape and triangle SMA plate dampers[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(6):109―114.(in Chinese)
[5]Han Yulin,Xing Dejin,Xiao Ertian.NiTi-wire shape memory alloy dampers to simultaneously damp tension,compression and torsion[J].Journal of Vibration and Control,2005,11(8):1067―1084.
[6]陈海泉,李忠献,李延涛.应用形状记忆合金的高层建筑结构智能隔震[J].天津大学学报,2002,35(6):761―765.Chen Haiquan,Li Zhongxian,Li Yantao.Intelligent Isolation of high-rise building structures using shape memory alloys[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2002,35(6):761―765.(in Chinese)
[7]Desroches R,Mccormick J.Cyclic properties of super-elastic shape memory alloy wires and bars[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2004,130(1):38―46.
[8]Zedeh L A.Fuzzy set[J].Information and Control,1965,12(8):338―353.
[9]Mamdani E H.Application of fuzzy algorithms for control of simple dynamics plants[J].Proceedings of theIEEE,1974,121(12):1585―1588.
[10]Battaini M,Casciati F,Faravelli L.Fuzzy control of structural vibration.An active mass system driven by a fuzzy controller[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27(11):1267―1276.
[11]Faravelli L,Timothy Yao.Use of adaptive networks in fuzzy control of civil structures[J].Microcomputers in Civil Engineering,1996,11(1):67―76.
[12]Masuda A,Noori M.Optimization of hysteretic characteristics of damping devices based on pseudo-elastic shape memory alloy[J].International Journal of Non-linear Mechanics,2002,37(8):1375―1386.
[13]李国勇.智能控制及其MATLAB实现[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.Li Guoyong.Smart control and its realization based on MATLAB[M].Beijing:Electronic Technology Press,2005.(in Chinese)
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