基于有限元法的单根钻杆动力学仿真模拟分析
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摘要
为进一步明确钻进中的钻杆柱工作状态,以直井段中单根钻杆为研究对象,基于有限元法建立钻杆的动力学模型,以实际设计参数为依据,确定边界条件,综合考虑静、动载荷的耦合作用,对钻杆受迫振动发展过程进行仿真模拟分析,在一定程度上反映井下钻杆工作状态,并为钻杆柱的随钻控制研究提供理论基础。分析结果表明,现役钻杆接头台阶及螺纹处普遍存在应力集中,设计时应予以改进;钻杆受迫振动的发展过程中,钻压及转速是重要的振动激励参数,较浅井段钻杆振动参与形式以横振为主,随着钻进的深入,其他振动形式频繁的交替激发并参与,应通过调整钻进参数、避免工作于固有频率而激发模态振动。
For making the drilling status of drill-strings more clearly, the single drill pipe in vertical wells is taken as the research object, the dynamic model of single drill pipes in drilling process is established based on the finite element method (FEM). The simulation analysis is carried on for force vibration development of drill pipe considerating the coupling of static force, transverse and torsional vibration. The state of underground drill pipe could be reflected, and provide theoretical basis for the study of MWD control. Analysis of results shows that the stress concentration is prevalent in the threaded and joints department on active-duty drill pipe and the design should be improved. The drilling pressure and speed are important parameters in development process of forced vibration. The dominating participation forms of drill pipe vibration are transverse in shallow wells, and other forms of frequent vibration will be inspired alternately with drilling embed to take combined action, drilling parameters should be adjusted to avoid working on the natural frequencies.
For making the drilling status of drill-strings more clearly, the single drill pipe in vertical wells is taken as the research object, the dynamic model of single drill pipes in drilling process is established based on the finite element method (FEM). The simulation analysis is carried on for force vibration development of drill pipe considerating the coupling of static force, transverse and torsional vibration. The state of underground drill pipe could be reflected, and provide theoretical basis for the study of MWD control. Analysis of results shows that the stress concentration is prevalent in the threaded and joints department on active-duty drill pipe and the design should be improved. The drilling pressure and speed are important parameters in development process of forced vibration. The dominating participation forms of drill pipe vibration are transverse in shallow wells, and other forms of frequent vibration will be inspired alternately with drilling embed to take combined action, drilling parameters should be adjusted to avoid working on the natural frequencies.
引文
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[10]王进廷,杜修力,张楚汉.瑞利阻尼介质有限元离散模型动力分析的数值稳定性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(6):18-24.WANG Jinting,DU Xiuli,ZHANG Chuhan.Numerical stability of explicit finite element schemes for dynamic system with Rayleigh damping[J].Earthquake Engi-neering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(6):18-24.
[2]李子丰,梁尔国.钻柱力学研究现状及进展[J].石油钻采工艺,2008,30(2):1-9.LI Zifeng,LIANG Erguo.Research and development of drill string mechanics[J].Oil Drilling&Production Tech-nology,2008,30(2):1-9.
[3]刘清友,马德坤,钟青.钻柱扭转振动模型的建立及求解[J].石油学报,2000,21(2):78-82.LIU Qingyou,MA Dekun,ZHONG Qing.A drilling string torsional vibration model and its solution[J].Acta Petro-lei Sinica,2000,21(2):78-82.
[4]赵德云,杨海波,杨跃波.深井钻具纵向振动规律分析研究[J].钻采工艺,2002,21(4):14-16.Z HAO Deyun,YANG Haibo,YANG Yuebo.Analysis and research of vertical vibration law of deep well drill tool[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2002,1(4):14-16.
[5]邱利琼,钻柱动态数学模型的建立及求解[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2002,25(5):148-151.Q IU Liqiong.Dynaical mathematical model of string[J].Journal of Chongqing University:Natural Science Editioin,2002,25(5):148-151.
[6]赵国珍,龚伟安.钻井力学基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1988:45-103.ZHAO Guozhen,GONG Weian.Drilling mechanics[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1988:45-103.
[7]章扬烈.钻柱运动学与动力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:85-90.ZHANG Yanglie.Drill string kinematics and dynamic[sM].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001:85-90.
[8]林元华,黄万志.带井下液力推进器的钻具组合振动分析[J].石油机械,1999,27(2):9-12.LIN Yuanhua,HUANG Wanzhi.Analysis of vibration of bottomhole assembly with downhole hydrodynamic propul-sor[J].China Petroleum Machinary,1999,27(2):9-12.
[9]李鹤林,李平全,冯耀荣.石油钻柱失效分析及预防[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1999:29-39.LI Helin,LI Pingquan,FENG Yaorong.Analysis on failure cause and preventive measures of drill stem[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1999:29-39.
[10]王进廷,杜修力,张楚汉.瑞利阻尼介质有限元离散模型动力分析的数值稳定性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(6):18-24.WANG Jinting,DU Xiuli,ZHANG Chuhan.Numerical stability of explicit finite element schemes for dynamic system with Rayleigh damping[J].Earthquake Engi-neering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(6):18-24.
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