碎屑岩储层岩石物理特征及岩性解释方法
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摘要
通过对碎屑岩储层岩石物理特征的分析,认为地震纵波速度变化主要受储层沉积作用和成岩作用控制,导致地震波阻抗在纵向及横向上的有规律变化。沉积作用主要表现为岩石粒度、分选和泥质含量等的变化;成岩作用则主要表现为压实作用、压溶作用和胶结作用等的强度。采用传统的分层波阻抗单一门槛值法仅能解决纵向上的阻抗变化问题,为此提出了一种更为合理的"门槛值体"法。实例研究表明,该方法能对反演得到的波阻抗体进行准确而精细的岩性解释,尤其是对于解决因沉积作用造成的阻抗平面变化而引起的砂体解释的不确定性,起到了很好的效果。
The analysis of the petrophysics characterization of clastic reservoir shows that the variation of P-wave velocity was controlled by the sedimentation and diagenesis,and therefor leads to the regular variation of acoustic impedance.The sedimentation was mainly represented by the grain size,sorting and shale content,and the diagenesis mainly includes the compaction,pressolution and cementation.Using the method of classic single impedance threshold only resolves the vertical variation of acoustic impedance.As a result,the paper proposes a more effective method of impedance threshold volume.Through studying example,using the new method can explain the acoustic impedance accurately,which has played good effect in solving the uncertainty of the sand explanation because the areal variation of acoustic impedance caused by the deposition.
The analysis of the petrophysics characterization of clastic reservoir shows that the variation of P-wave velocity was controlled by the sedimentation and diagenesis,and therefor leads to the regular variation of acoustic impedance.The sedimentation was mainly represented by the grain size,sorting and shale content,and the diagenesis mainly includes the compaction,pressolution and cementation.Using the method of classic single impedance threshold only resolves the vertical variation of acoustic impedance.As a result,the paper proposes a more effective method of impedance threshold volume.Through studying example,using the new method can explain the acoustic impedance accurately,which has played good effect in solving the uncertainty of the sand explanation because the areal variation of acoustic impedance caused by the deposition.
引文
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[2]Wyllie M R J,Gregory A R,Gardner L W.Elasticwave velocities in heterogeneous and porous media[J].Geophysics,1956,21(1):41-70.
[3]WyllieM RJ,GregoryA R,GardnerL W.An experiment-al investigation of factors affecting elastic wave velocitiesin porous media[J].Geophysics,1958,23(3):459-493.
[4]Raymer L L,Hunt E R,Gardner J S.An improved sonictransit time-to-porosity transform[C].21st Annual Meet-ing of the Society of Professional Well Log Aanalysis.
[5]Han Dehua.Effects of porosity and clay content on a-coustic properties of sandstones and unconsolidated se-diments[D].Stanford University,1987.
[6]Raiga Clemenceau J,Martin J P,Nicoletis S.The conceptofacousticformationfactorformoreaccurateporosityde-termination from sonic transit time data[J].Log Analysis,1988,(219):54-60.
[7]HashinZ,ShtrikmanS.Avariationalapproachtothetheo-ry of the elastic behavior of multiphase materials[J].Jour-nal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids.1963,(11):127-140.
[8]Dvorkin J,Nur A.Dynamic poroelasticity:A uni-fied model with the squirt and the Biot mechanisms[J].Geophysics,1993,58(4):524-533.
[9]Dvorkin J,Nur A.Elasticity of high-porosity sandstones:Theory for two North Sea data sets[J].Geophysics,1996,61(5):1363-1370.
[10]张亚敏,张书法,钱利.地震资料反演砂岩孔隙度方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(2):136-140.
[11]王天琦,施泽进,刘全新.江汉油田储层地震反演结果解释中的几个关键问题[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(3):61-66.
[12]王家华.克里金地质绘图技术——计算机的模型和算法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
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