莺歌海盆地中央坳陷带海底天然气渗漏系统初探
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摘要
地球物理资料表明,莺歌海盆地区麻坑众多,浅层气发育,在高分辨率地震剖面上可以识别出到达海底的地震模糊带,在3.5 kHz的浅层剖面上可见穿透到海底的气体聚集带,在声呐图像可以识别出麻坑.莺歌海盆地不仅在其边缘隆起带沉积层较薄的地区存在海底天然气渗漏现象,而且在中央坳陷带沉积层巨厚的地区也存在海底天然气渗漏,海底天然气渗漏在莺歌海盆地是广泛分布的.莺歌海盆地广泛分布的海底天然气渗漏是全球海底天然气渗漏系统的重要组成部分,海底天然气渗漏系统排出的大量甲烷气体的一部分可能穿越水层到达海面.
Gas chimneys are shown on high-resolution seismic profiles in Yinggehai Basin.Some are penetrated to seafloor.Shallow gas accumulation reaching seafloor is also identified on 3.5 kHz sub-buttom profile.Pockmarks are found on side-scan sonar image.Geophysical data show that pockmarks and shallow gas develop in the Basin.Seafloor gas seepages occur not only in margin uplift area with thin sediments but also in central sag area with thick sediments in Yinggehai Basin.They are widely distributed in the basin.Seafloor gas seepages in Yinggehai Basin are important parts of worldwide seafloor gas seepage system.Parts of methane gases released by seafloor seepage system may pass through water column and reach to the sea surface.
Gas chimneys are shown on high-resolution seismic profiles in Yinggehai Basin.Some are penetrated to seafloor.Shallow gas accumulation reaching seafloor is also identified on 3.5 kHz sub-buttom profile.Pockmarks are found on side-scan sonar image.Geophysical data show that pockmarks and shallow gas develop in the Basin.Seafloor gas seepages occur not only in margin uplift area with thin sediments but also in central sag area with thick sediments in Yinggehai Basin.They are widely distributed in the basin.Seafloor gas seepages in Yinggehai Basin are important parts of worldwide seafloor gas seepage system.Parts of methane gases released by seafloor seepage system may pass through water column and reach to the sea surface.
引文
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[3]Schroot B M,Klaver G T,et al.Surface and subsurface ex-pressions of gas seepage to the seabed-examples from theSouthern North Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2005,22:499~515.
[4]王淑红,宋海斌,颜文.全球与区域天然气水合物中天然气资源量估算[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1145~1154.
[5]陈多福,李绪宣,夏斌.南海琼东南盆地天然气水合物稳定域分布特征及资源预测[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(3):483~489.
[6]王淑红,宋海斌,颜文.地球系统中的天然气水合物-天然气体系研究展望[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1),232~243.
[7]Whelan J,Eglinton L,et al.Surface and subsurface manifes-tations of gas movement through a N-S transect of the Gulf ofMexico[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2005,22:479~497
[8]Missiaen T,Murphy S,et al.Very high-resolution seismicmapping of shallow gas in the Belgian coastal zone[J].Conti-nental Shelf Research,2002,22:2291~2301.
[9]Hovland M,Judd A G.Seabed pockmarks and seepages:Im-pact on the geology,biology and the marine environment[M].London:Graham and Trotman,1988.
[10]陈多福,黄永样,冯东,等.南海北部冷泉碳酸盐岩和石化微生物细菌及地质意义[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2005,24(3):185~189.
[11]Chen D F,Huang Y Y,Yuan X L,et al.Seep carbonatesand preserved methane oxidizing archaea and sulfate reducingbacteria fossils suggest recent gas venting on the seafloor inthe Northeastern South China Sea[J].Marine and PetroleumGeology.2005,22:613~621.
[12]陆红锋,刘坚,陈芳,等.南海台西南区碳酸盐岩矿物学和稳定同位素组成特征-天然气水合物存在的主要证据之一[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):268~276.
[13]陈忠,颜文,陈木宏,等.南海北部陆坡碳酸盐结核的发现:海底甲烷冷泉存在的新证据[J].科学通报,2006,51(9):1065~1072.
[14]栾锡武,秦蕴珊.冲绳海槽宫古段西部槽底海底气泉的发现[J].科学通报,2005,50(8):802~810.
[15]陈林,宋海斌.海底天然气渗漏的地球物理特征及识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1067~1073.
[16]陈林,宋海斌.海底天然气渗漏地震探测方法的研究进展[J].天然气工业,2006,26(7):35~39.
[17]黄保家,张泉兴,张启明.莺歌海油气苗调查及其成因探讨[J].中国海上油气(地质),1992,6(4):1~7.
[18]徐辉龙,丘学林,孙金龙.莺歌海盆地新构造运动与超压体系喷溢油气成藏作用[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(3):93~100.
[19]龚再升,李思田,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气成藏动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
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