超弹性形状记忆合金丝(NiTi)力学性能的试验研究
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摘要
从土木工程振动控制的角度出发 ,通过NiTi形状记忆合金丝处于超弹性状态下的力学性能试验 ,研究温度、加载速率、应变幅值、循环次数等加载工况对形状记忆合金的相变应力、耗能能力、变形模量及残余应变等力学性能参数的影响规律 ,并给出了各力学性能参数与主要影响它的加载工况之间的关系。试验和分析结果表明 ,处于超弹性状态下的形状记忆合金具有良好的耗能阻尼性能、较大的可恢复变形能力和很高的结构驱动能力 ,可满足土木工程结构振动控制的需要。
An experimental study is completed on the mechanical behavior of specimens of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) wires for vibration control in civil engineering. Temperature, strain rate, strain amplitude and cyclic number are considered as test parameters to investigate their effects on the mechanical parameters such as phase transformation stress, energy dissipation, effective stiffness and residual strain. The relation ship between every mechanical parameter and its corresponding loading factor is proposed. The experimental results show that the characteristics of the superelastic SMA wire, such as high energy dissipation, large restoring deformation and high driving force, are suitable for vibration control in engineering.
An experimental study is completed on the mechanical behavior of specimens of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) wires for vibration control in civil engineering. Temperature, strain rate, strain amplitude and cyclic number are considered as test parameters to investigate their effects on the mechanical parameters such as phase transformation stress, energy dissipation, effective stiffness and residual strain. The relation ship between every mechanical parameter and its corresponding loading factor is proposed. The experimental results show that the characteristics of the superelastic SMA wire, such as high energy dissipation, large restoring deformation and high driving force, are suitable for vibration control in engineering.
引文
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[2] 赵连城,蔡伟,郑玉峰.合金的形状记忆效应与超弹性[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002年1月
[3] KrzysztofWilde,PaoloGardoni,YozoFujino.Baseisolationwithshapememoryalloydeviceforelevatedhighwaybridges[J].EngineeringStructure22,2000:222～229
[4] MauroD ,DonatelloC ,RobertoM .Implementationandtestingofpassivecontroldevicesbasedonshapememoryalloys[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,29,2000:945～968
[5] BazA ,ImanK ,etc.Activevibrationcontrolofflexiblebeamsusingshapememoryactuator[J].JournalofSoundandVibra tion,140(3),1990:437～456
[6] Tobushi,H .,Tanaka,K .,Hori,T .,Sawada,T .,andHat tori,T ..PseudoelasticityofTiNiShapeMemoryAlloys(De pendenceonMaximumStrainandTemperature),JSMEInter nationalJournal,36(3),1993:314～318
[7] JohnA .ShawandSteliosKyriakides.Thermomechanicalas pectsofNiTi[J].JournalofMechanics,PhysicsandSolids,43(8),1995:1243～1281
[8] PiedboeufM .C .,R .Gauvin.DampingBehaviourofShapeMemoryAlloys:StrainAmplitude,Frequ encyandTempera tureEffects[J].JournalofSoundandVibration,214(5),1998:885～901
[9] 吴波,孙科学,李惠,等.形状记忆合金力学性能的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,19(2),1999:104～111
[10] Wolons,D .,Gandhi,F .,andMalovrh,B ..Experimen talinvestigationofthePseudoelastichysteresisdampingcharac teristicsofshapememoryalloywires[J].Journalofintelligentmaterialsystemsandstructures,9(2),1998:116～126
[11] MauroDolce.DonatelloCardone.MechanicalbehaviourofShapeMemoryAlloysforseismicapplications,AusteniteNiTiwiressubjectedtotension[J],InternationalJournalofMe chanicalSciences.43,2001:2657～2677
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