广西百色盆地古近系始新统沉积相特征及演化
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摘要
利用野外露头、地震、测井和分析化验等资料 ,对盆地古近系始新统那读组和百岗组进行层序地层和沉积相研究。那读组和百岗组可划分为 3个Ⅲ级层序 ,9个体系域 ,那读组那三段构成层序Ⅰ ,那读组那二段和那一段构成层序Ⅱ ,百岗组构成层序Ⅲ。层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅱ是盆地断陷期沉积 ,发育冲积扇相、河流相、三角洲相、扇三角洲相、深湖亚相和滨 -浅湖亚相。层序Ⅱ湖泊沉积范围广 ,厚度大 ,厚层的湖相暗色泥岩是盆地主要烃源岩和区域性盖层。层序Ⅲ是盆地坳陷期的沉积 ,发育冲积扇相、扇三角洲相、河流相、三角洲相和滨 -浅湖亚相。盆地中古近系沉积经过了洪积或冲积扇、河流三角洲→湖泊 (扇三角洲 )→河流的发育过程 ,反映了盆地从初期形成→扩张→萎缩的完整的演化序列。在层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅱ的低水位体系域 ,田东凹陷的中央断凹、南部次凹和那笔凸起的北部断鼻等区带发育长轴分布的河流三角洲砂岩 ,这些砂岩处于烃源岩成熟区 ,油气成藏条件优越 ,是河道岩性油藏勘探的有利区。在层序Ⅱ湖侵体系域和高水位体系域 ,北部陡坡发育扇三角洲砂体 ,与烃源岩指状交叉接触 ,有利于油气运聚成藏 ,容易形成大量上倾尖灭岩性油藏。
Based on the identification of sequence boundary through outcrops,seismic data,well logs and analytical data,the Nadu Formation and Baigang Formation of the Eocene of Paleogene in the Baise Basin can be divided into one second-order sequence,and further into three third-order sequences. The Member 3 of the Nadu Formation forms Sequence Ⅰ,the Member 2 and Member 1 of the Nadu Formation form Sequence Ⅱ,and the Baigang Formation forms Sequence Ⅲ. Sequences Ⅰand Ⅱ were deposited during the faulting period of the basin,during the period alluvial fan facies,fluvial facies,delta facies,fan delta facies,shore-shallow lake subfacies,and deep-lake subfacies were developed. Sequence Ⅱ is characterized by a wide range of lake sedimentation with a great thickness,and the thick-bedded mudstones of deep-lake subfacies are the main source rocks and regional cap rocks in the basin. Sequence Ⅲ was deposited during the depression period of the basin,during the period alluvial fan facies,fan delta facies,fluvial facies,delta facies,and shore-shallow lake subfacies were developed. The Paleogene in the Baise Basin experienced a process from the deposition of fluvial facies or alluvial fan facies to fluvial and delta facies,and then to lake facies (fan delta facies),and finally to fluvial facies. This indicates that the Baise Basin experienced a complete cycle of evolution from the early rifting stage to expansion,and then to shrinkage. In the lowstand system tracts of sequences Ⅰ and Ⅱ,sandstones of fluvial and delta facies are well developed in the central faulted sag,the southern sub-sag of the Tiandong Sag and the northern faulted nose of the Nabi Uplift along the long axis. These sandstones are in mature source rock areas with a favorable condition for reservoir formation,and are in the potential areas for the exploration of channel lithologic pools. In the transgressive and highstand system tracts of sequence Ⅱ,fan delta facies were developed along the northern steep slope and their sandstones are interfingered with source rocks which are favorable for the formation of hydrocarbon pools,and are easy to form a great deal of updip pinching lithologic reservoirs.
Based on the identification of sequence boundary through outcrops,seismic data,well logs and analytical data,the Nadu Formation and Baigang Formation of the Eocene of Paleogene in the Baise Basin can be divided into one second-order sequence,and further into three third-order sequences. The Member 3 of the Nadu Formation forms Sequence Ⅰ,the Member 2 and Member 1 of the Nadu Formation form Sequence Ⅱ,and the Baigang Formation forms Sequence Ⅲ. Sequences Ⅰand Ⅱ were deposited during the faulting period of the basin,during the period alluvial fan facies,fluvial facies,delta facies,fan delta facies,shore-shallow lake subfacies,and deep-lake subfacies were developed. Sequence Ⅱ is characterized by a wide range of lake sedimentation with a great thickness,and the thick-bedded mudstones of deep-lake subfacies are the main source rocks and regional cap rocks in the basin. Sequence Ⅲ was deposited during the depression period of the basin,during the period alluvial fan facies,fan delta facies,fluvial facies,delta facies,and shore-shallow lake subfacies were developed. The Paleogene in the Baise Basin experienced a process from the deposition of fluvial facies or alluvial fan facies to fluvial and delta facies,and then to lake facies (fan delta facies),and finally to fluvial facies. This indicates that the Baise Basin experienced a complete cycle of evolution from the early rifting stage to expansion,and then to shrinkage. In the lowstand system tracts of sequences Ⅰ and Ⅱ,sandstones of fluvial and delta facies are well developed in the central faulted sag,the southern sub-sag of the Tiandong Sag and the northern faulted nose of the Nabi Uplift along the long axis. These sandstones are in mature source rock areas with a favorable condition for reservoir formation,and are in the potential areas for the exploration of channel lithologic pools. In the transgressive and highstand system tracts of sequence Ⅱ,fan delta facies were developed along the northern steep slope and their sandstones are interfingered with source rocks which are favorable for the formation of hydrocarbon pools,and are easy to form a great deal of updip pinching lithologic reservoirs.
引文
李载沃1992百色盆地油气控制因素和勘探前景分析广西石油地质与勘探,1:1～13
方少仙,侯方浩等1991广西百色盆地东部下第三系储层研究中国石油天然气总公司“七五”储层研究成果
沈源,杨荣玉1987广西百色盆地东部地区沉积发育史研究报告内部报告
①同420页脚注②
①韦景春1992百色盆地下第三系那读组砂岩沉积环境浅析广西石油与勘探,1:14～19
蔡舜天,郭亦秋.1984.广西百色盆地石油地质概述.石油与天然气地质,5(4):363～371
操应长,姜在兴,李春华,全升吉.2002.山东惠民凹陷中央隆起带古近系沙三段层序地层沉积演化.古地理学报,4(3):40～46
丛友滋,臧起运,程国良.1990.用磁组构研究底流流向的初步探讨.海洋学报,12(3):347～351
戴家庆.1990.广西百色盆地浅层气藏简介.石油与天然气地质,11(3):345～348
范代读,邱桂强,李从先,丛友滋,杨积增.2000.东营三角洲的古流向研究.石油学报,21(1):29～33
胡受权,郭文平,杨风根,颜其彬,刘树根,童崇光.2000.断陷湖盆陡坡带陆相层序地层的“沉积滨线坡折”问题探讨.古地理学报,2(4):20～29
彭军,郑荣才,陈果2004广西百色盆地东部古近系那读组湖相灰岩古地理学报,6(2):163～173
彭军,郑荣才,陈景山.2002a.百色盆地那读组层序分析与生储盖组合.沉积学报,20(1):106～111
彭军,郑荣才,陈景山,蔡勋育,韦景春.2002b.百色盆地那读组短期基准面旋回层序分析.沉积学报,20(2):203～209
魏魁生,徐怀大.1993.华北典型箕状断陷盆地的层序地层学模式及其油气赋存关系.地球科学,18(2):139～149
魏宜义,林金河,黄兴和.1986.百色盆地田东凹陷下第三系生油岩的有机质类型及其热演化特征.石油勘探与开发,5:20～26
威尔格斯著,徐怀大等译.1993.层序地层学原理.北京:石油工业出版社,49～55
吴崇筠.1994.中国中—新生代湖相沉积.见,冯增昭,王英华,刘焕杰,沙庆安,王德发等编.中国沉积学.北京:石油工业出版社,438～439
杨玉峰,李长山,孙德君,殷进垠.1999.乌尔逊凹陷北部层序地层学研究.石油学报,20(3):25～30
张满郎,张琴,朱筱敏,李新兵,王俊淮.2000.准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区侏罗系层序地层学研究.古地理学报,2(3):27～36
张振生,黎英,王冰.1997.冀中坳陷陆相地层层序地层学的应用.石油学报,18(2):26～33
朱筱敏,王贵文,马立弛,张巨星,孙月平.2002.内蒙古东部陆西凹陷中北部上侏罗统层序地层格架及体系域特征分析.古地理学报,4(3):33～39
AlanRRandKevinMB .2001.Lake-typecontrolsonpetroleumsourcerockpotentialinnonmarinebasins.AAPGBulletin,85(6):1033～1053
CaiShuntianandGuoYiqiu.1984.Anoutlineofpetroleum geologyofBaiseBasin.Oil&GasGeology,5(4):363～371(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
CaoYingchang,JiangZaixing,LiChunhuaandQuanShengji.2002.Se quencestratigraphyanddepositionalevolutionoftheMember3ofShahejieFormationinwesternHuiminDepressionofShandongProvince.JournalofPalaeogeography,4(3):40～46(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
CongYouzi,ZangQiyunandChengGuoliang.1990.Preliminaryexplo rationofbottomcurrentdirectionusingmagneticfabric.ActaO ceanologicaSinica,12(3):347～351(inChinesewithEnglishab stract)
DaiJiaqing.1990.BriefintroductionofshallowgaspoolsinBaiseBasin,Guangxi.Oil&GasGeology,11(3):345～348(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
FanDaidu,QiuGuiqiang,LiCongxian,CongYouziandYangJizeng.2000.ResearchofpaleocurrentdirectionofDongyingdelta.ActaPetroleiSinica,21(1):29～33(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
HamiltonNandReesAI .1970.TheUseofMagneticFabricinPale ocurrentEstimation.In:RuncordSK(ed)Palaeogeophysics.NewYork:AcademicPressHuShouquan,GuoWenping,YangFenggen,YanQibin,LiuShugenandTongChongguang.2000.Studyondepositionalshorelinebreakforterrigenoussequencestratigraphyalongthesteepslopezoneoffault-depressedlacustrinebasin.JournalofPalaeogeography,2(4):20～29(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
PengJun,ZhengRongcaiandChenGuo2004LacustrinelimestoneoftheNaduFormationofPaleogeneineasternBaiseBasin,Guangxi.JournalofPalaeogeography,6(2):163～173(inChinesewithEng lishabstract)
PengJun,ZhengRongcaiandChenJingshan.2002a.Sequenceanalysisandsource reservoir caprockassociationsofNaduFormationinBaiseBasin.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,20(1):106～111(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
PengJun,ZhengRongcai,ChenJingshan,CaiXunyuandWeiJingchun.2002b.Short termbase levelcyclesequenceanalysisofNaduFor mationinBaiseBasin.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,20(2):203～209(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
ReesAI.1965.Theuseofanisotropyofmagneticsusceptibilityintheestimationofsedimentaryfabric.Sedimentology,4:257～271
WeiKuishengandXuHuaida.1993.Sequencestratigraghicmodelsandtheirrelationshiptooilandgasoccurrenceintypicalfaultedbasins,NorthernChina.EarthSciences,18(2):139～149(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
WeiYiyi,LinJinheandHuangXinghe.1986.Thetypesoforganicmat tersandtheirthermalevolutionfeaturesoftheLateTertiarysourcerocksinTiandongDepressioninBaiseBasin.PetroleumExplorationandDevelopment,5:20～26(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
WilgusCK .TranslatedbyXuHuaida,WeiKuisheng,WangWeidong.1993.SequenceStratigraphicPrinciples.Beijing:PetroleumIndus tryPress,49～55(inChinese)
WuChongyun.1994.SedimentarycharacteristicsofMeso-CenozoiclakesinChina.In:FengZengzhao,WangYinghua,LiuHuanjie,ShaQinganandWangDefa(eds).
SedimentologyofChina.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,438～439(inChinese)
YangYufeng,LiChangshan,SunDejunandYinJinyin.1999.Ap proachesofsequencestratigraphyintheNorthernWuerxunSag,HailaerBasin.ActaPetroleiSinica,20(3):25～30(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
ZhangManlang,ZhangQin,ZhuXiaomin,LiXinbingandWangJun huai.2000.SequencestratigraphyofJurassicontheeastFukangslope,JunggarBasin.JournalofPalaeogeography,2(3):27～36(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
ZhangZhensheng,LiYingandWangBing.1997.Anapplicationofse quencestratigraphyincontinentaldepositofJizhongDepression.ActaPetroleiSinica,18(2):26～33(inChinesewithEnglishab stract)
ZhuXiaomin,WangGuiwen,MaLichi,ZhangJuxingandSunYueping.2002.SequenceframeworkandcharacteristicsofsystemtractsoftheUpperJurassicinthemiddle-northernLuxiDepressionofIn nerMongolia.JournalofPalaeogeography,4(3):33～39(inChi nesewithEnglishabstract)
方少仙,侯方浩等1991广西百色盆地东部下第三系储层研究中国石油天然气总公司“七五”储层研究成果
沈源,杨荣玉1987广西百色盆地东部地区沉积发育史研究报告内部报告
①同420页脚注②
①韦景春1992百色盆地下第三系那读组砂岩沉积环境浅析广西石油与勘探,1:14～19
蔡舜天,郭亦秋.1984.广西百色盆地石油地质概述.石油与天然气地质,5(4):363～371
操应长,姜在兴,李春华,全升吉.2002.山东惠民凹陷中央隆起带古近系沙三段层序地层沉积演化.古地理学报,4(3):40～46
丛友滋,臧起运,程国良.1990.用磁组构研究底流流向的初步探讨.海洋学报,12(3):347～351
戴家庆.1990.广西百色盆地浅层气藏简介.石油与天然气地质,11(3):345～348
范代读,邱桂强,李从先,丛友滋,杨积增.2000.东营三角洲的古流向研究.石油学报,21(1):29～33
胡受权,郭文平,杨风根,颜其彬,刘树根,童崇光.2000.断陷湖盆陡坡带陆相层序地层的“沉积滨线坡折”问题探讨.古地理学报,2(4):20～29
彭军,郑荣才,陈果2004广西百色盆地东部古近系那读组湖相灰岩古地理学报,6(2):163～173
彭军,郑荣才,陈景山.2002a.百色盆地那读组层序分析与生储盖组合.沉积学报,20(1):106～111
彭军,郑荣才,陈景山,蔡勋育,韦景春.2002b.百色盆地那读组短期基准面旋回层序分析.沉积学报,20(2):203～209
魏魁生,徐怀大.1993.华北典型箕状断陷盆地的层序地层学模式及其油气赋存关系.地球科学,18(2):139～149
魏宜义,林金河,黄兴和.1986.百色盆地田东凹陷下第三系生油岩的有机质类型及其热演化特征.石油勘探与开发,5:20～26
威尔格斯著,徐怀大等译.1993.层序地层学原理.北京:石油工业出版社,49～55
吴崇筠.1994.中国中—新生代湖相沉积.见,冯增昭,王英华,刘焕杰,沙庆安,王德发等编.中国沉积学.北京:石油工业出版社,438～439
杨玉峰,李长山,孙德君,殷进垠.1999.乌尔逊凹陷北部层序地层学研究.石油学报,20(3):25～30
张满郎,张琴,朱筱敏,李新兵,王俊淮.2000.准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区侏罗系层序地层学研究.古地理学报,2(3):27～36
张振生,黎英,王冰.1997.冀中坳陷陆相地层层序地层学的应用.石油学报,18(2):26～33
朱筱敏,王贵文,马立弛,张巨星,孙月平.2002.内蒙古东部陆西凹陷中北部上侏罗统层序地层格架及体系域特征分析.古地理学报,4(3):33～39
AlanRRandKevinMB .2001.Lake-typecontrolsonpetroleumsourcerockpotentialinnonmarinebasins.AAPGBulletin,85(6):1033～1053
CaiShuntianandGuoYiqiu.1984.Anoutlineofpetroleum geologyofBaiseBasin.Oil&GasGeology,5(4):363～371(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
CaoYingchang,JiangZaixing,LiChunhuaandQuanShengji.2002.Se quencestratigraphyanddepositionalevolutionoftheMember3ofShahejieFormationinwesternHuiminDepressionofShandongProvince.JournalofPalaeogeography,4(3):40～46(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
CongYouzi,ZangQiyunandChengGuoliang.1990.Preliminaryexplo rationofbottomcurrentdirectionusingmagneticfabric.ActaO ceanologicaSinica,12(3):347～351(inChinesewithEnglishab stract)
DaiJiaqing.1990.BriefintroductionofshallowgaspoolsinBaiseBasin,Guangxi.Oil&GasGeology,11(3):345～348(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
FanDaidu,QiuGuiqiang,LiCongxian,CongYouziandYangJizeng.2000.ResearchofpaleocurrentdirectionofDongyingdelta.ActaPetroleiSinica,21(1):29～33(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
HamiltonNandReesAI .1970.TheUseofMagneticFabricinPale ocurrentEstimation.In:RuncordSK(ed)Palaeogeophysics.NewYork:AcademicPressHuShouquan,GuoWenping,YangFenggen,YanQibin,LiuShugenandTongChongguang.2000.Studyondepositionalshorelinebreakforterrigenoussequencestratigraphyalongthesteepslopezoneoffault-depressedlacustrinebasin.JournalofPalaeogeography,2(4):20～29(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
PengJun,ZhengRongcaiandChenGuo2004LacustrinelimestoneoftheNaduFormationofPaleogeneineasternBaiseBasin,Guangxi.JournalofPalaeogeography,6(2):163～173(inChinesewithEng lishabstract)
PengJun,ZhengRongcaiandChenJingshan.2002a.Sequenceanalysisandsource reservoir caprockassociationsofNaduFormationinBaiseBasin.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,20(1):106～111(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
PengJun,ZhengRongcai,ChenJingshan,CaiXunyuandWeiJingchun.2002b.Short termbase levelcyclesequenceanalysisofNaduFor mationinBaiseBasin.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,20(2):203～209(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
ReesAI.1965.Theuseofanisotropyofmagneticsusceptibilityintheestimationofsedimentaryfabric.Sedimentology,4:257～271
WeiKuishengandXuHuaida.1993.Sequencestratigraghicmodelsandtheirrelationshiptooilandgasoccurrenceintypicalfaultedbasins,NorthernChina.EarthSciences,18(2):139～149(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
WeiYiyi,LinJinheandHuangXinghe.1986.Thetypesoforganicmat tersandtheirthermalevolutionfeaturesoftheLateTertiarysourcerocksinTiandongDepressioninBaiseBasin.PetroleumExplorationandDevelopment,5:20～26(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
WilgusCK .TranslatedbyXuHuaida,WeiKuisheng,WangWeidong.1993.SequenceStratigraphicPrinciples.Beijing:PetroleumIndus tryPress,49～55(inChinese)
WuChongyun.1994.SedimentarycharacteristicsofMeso-CenozoiclakesinChina.In:FengZengzhao,WangYinghua,LiuHuanjie,ShaQinganandWangDefa(eds).
SedimentologyofChina.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,438～439(inChinese)
YangYufeng,LiChangshan,SunDejunandYinJinyin.1999.Ap proachesofsequencestratigraphyintheNorthernWuerxunSag,HailaerBasin.ActaPetroleiSinica,20(3):25～30(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
ZhangManlang,ZhangQin,ZhuXiaomin,LiXinbingandWangJun huai.2000.SequencestratigraphyofJurassicontheeastFukangslope,JunggarBasin.JournalofPalaeogeography,2(3):27～36(inChinesewithEnglishabstract)
ZhangZhensheng,LiYingandWangBing.1997.Anapplicationofse quencestratigraphyincontinentaldepositofJizhongDepression.ActaPetroleiSinica,18(2):26～33(inChinesewithEnglishab stract)
ZhuXiaomin,WangGuiwen,MaLichi,ZhangJuxingandSunYueping.2002.SequenceframeworkandcharacteristicsofsystemtractsoftheUpperJurassicinthemiddle-northernLuxiDepressionofIn nerMongolia.JournalofPalaeogeography,4(3):33～39(inChi nesewithEnglishabstract)
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