断层识别技术及其在MB油气田的应用
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摘要
结合MB凸起油气勘查项目,总结断层解释方法:既要依据地震时间剖面特征来分析判断,更要了解盆地范围内应力场、变形机理以及工区范围内的构造样式.针对微小断层识别困难这一问题,采取多种技术手段,包括:(1)叠后目标处理提高地震资料对小断层的分辨能力;(2)正演模型分析指导小断层的解释;(3)相干数据体水平切片和近反射道几何特征分析识别微小断层;(4)三维数据体任意线剖面检验微小断层,识别了常规地震剖面难以确定的小断层,达到了断层精细解释的目的.
Based on oil-gas exploration project in MB uplift,it is concluded that identifying faults considers not only faults performance in the seismic horizontal time profile,but also stress field of the basin,strain mechanism and structural style of the project.In order to identifying little faults of the project,author makes use of multi-methods including poststack target process,forward model analysis,horizontal time slice of coherence cube,near-reflect-trace geometry character and arbitray line of 3-D data cube profile analysis,finds more little faults and fulfills the detail faults interpretation.
Based on oil-gas exploration project in MB uplift,it is concluded that identifying faults considers not only faults performance in the seismic horizontal time profile,but also stress field of the basin,strain mechanism and structural style of the project.In order to identifying little faults of the project,author makes use of multi-methods including poststack target process,forward model analysis,horizontal time slice of coherence cube,near-reflect-trace geometry character and arbitray line of 3-D data cube profile analysis,finds more little faults and fulfills the detail faults interpretation.
引文
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[2]何樵登,熊维刚.应用地球物理教程——地震勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,1991,195.He Q D,Xiong W G.Applied geophysics course-seismic ex-ploration[M].Geology Press(Beijing),1991,195.
[3]孙家振,李兰斌.地震地质综合解释教程[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2002,187.Sun J Z,Li L B.Compositiveinterpret course of seismand ge-ology[M].China University of Geosciences Press(Wuhan),2002,187.
[4]陈同俊,崔若飞,郎玉泉,钱进.煤田采区三维地震精细构造解释方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):573～578.Chen TJ,Cui R F,Lang Y Q,Qian J.Detail structural inter-pretation methods of coal3-D seismic[J].Progress in Geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,22(2):573～578.
[5]马丽娟,郑和荣,陈霞.隐蔽油气藏地震预测技术研究新进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):294～300.Ma L J,Zheng H R,Chen X.The New progress of seismic forecast technology of Subtle Traps[J].Progress in Geophys-ics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):294～300.
[6]朱成宏,黄国骞,秦瞳.断裂系统精细分析技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(1):42～48.Zhu C H,Huang G Q,Qin T.Methods for detailed fracture systemdescription[J].Geophysical Prospectingfor Petroleum,2002,41(1):42～48.
[7]崔凤林,王允清,陈树民.松辽盆地北部薄互层地震资料解释方法及效果[J].石油物探,2001,40(2):63～76.Cui F L,Wang Y Q,Chen S M.The Interpretation method andits effects for seismic data fromthe thin interbedded for-mations in the north of Songliao Basin[J].Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,2001,40(2):63～76.
[8]何雨丹,魏春光.裂缝型油气藏勘探评价面临的挑战及发展方向[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):537～543.He Y D,Wei C G.The present situation and research direc-tion of evaluation methods in fracture type reservoir[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(2):537～543.
[9]石建新,王延光,毕丽飞,等.多分量地震资料处理解释技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):505～511.Shi J X,Wang Y G,Bi L F,et al.The process-interpretation technique of multi-component seismic data[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):505～511.
[10]姚保华,章振铨,王家林,火恩杰,张先康,刘保金,吴健生,王夫运,于鹏,毛雅萍.上海地区地壳精细结构的综合地球物理探测研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):482～491.Yao B H,Zhang Z Q,Wang J L,Huo EJ,Zhang X K,Liu B J,Wu J S,Wang F Y,Yu P,Mao Y P.Prospecting and research on fine crustal structure by using multi-geophysics survey methods in Shanghai region[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):482～491.
[11]周志才,周杰,李崇灿,等.叠偏剖面的断层解释方法[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):207～210.Zhou Z C,Zhou J,Li C C,et al.A methodfor fault interpre-tation based on stacked migration section Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum[J].Geophysical Prospectingfor Petro-leum,2002,41(2):207～210.
[12]崔世凌,秦爽,杨泽蓉,等.惠民凹陷复杂断块精细描述技术及应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):347～353.Cui S L,Qin S,Yang Z R,et al.The fine description tech-nique of complex fault blocks and its application in Huimin Depression[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2002,41(3):347～353.
[13]王西文,刘全新,周嘉玺,等.精细储层预测技术在板南5～3井区的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(3):389～394.Wang X W,Liu Q X,Zhou J X,et al.Application of fine reservoir prediction technique at well5～3area in Bannan oil-field[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(3):389～394.
[14]朱庆荣,黄雁琳,王敦则.复杂断层快速三维体解释方法[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):456～459.Zhu Q R,Huang Y L,Wang D Z.Fast3D data volume in-terpretation methods for complex faults[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):456～459.
[15]秦伟军,张永华,全书进.精细构造解释与储层预测技术在泌阳凹陷中南部地区二次勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(1):62～66.Qing WJ,Zhang Y H,Quan S J.Application of fine struc-ture interpretation and reservoir prediction technique in the second exploration of south Biyang Depression[J].Geophys-ical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(1):62～66.
[16]毛凤鸣,周方喜,梁兵,等.复杂小断块油藏储层综合评价配套技术与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,40.Mao F M,Zhou F X,Liang B,et al.Comprehensive evalua-tion techniques and application for small and complex fault blocks reservoir[M].Petroleum Industry Press(Beijing),2002,40.
[17]张进铎.地震解释技术现状及发展趋势[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):578～587.Zhang J D.Present status andfuture trend of seismic datain-terpretation techniques[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chi-nese),2006,21(2):578～587.
[18]刘丽峰,杨怀义,蒋多元,等.三维精细构造解释的方法流程和关键技术[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):864～871.Liu L F,Yang HY,Jiang D Y,et al.Primary exploration of3-Dfine structure interpretation[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3):864～871.
[19]张印堂,刘培体.渤深6地区高精度处理技术[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):49～53.Zhang Y T,Liu P T.High-precision processingtechnologyin Boshen6area[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(1):49～53.
[20]王玉学,韩大匡,刘文岭等.相干体技术在火山岩预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):192～193.Wang Y X,Han D K,Liu W L.Application of coherence technique at volcanic rock prediction[J].Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2):192～193.
[21]刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238～243.Liu C H.Application of seismic coherence analysis technique at fracture reservoir prediction[J].Exploration of Petroleum Geophysics,2001,36(2):238～243.
[22]Marfurt KJ.用基于相似的相干算法计算三维地震属性[J].周巍译.石油物探译丛,1996,3:22～37.Marfurt K J.Calculate3D seismic properties using a sem-blance-based coherency algorithm[J].Zhou Wei translated.Translate Volume for Petroleum Geophysics,1996,3:22～37.
[23]Bahorich M,Farmer S.3-D Seismic discontinuity for faults and stratigraphic features,the coherence cube[J].The Lead-ing Edge,1995,14(10):1053～1058.Bahorich M,Farmer S.三维地震的断层和地层的不连续性特征以及相干体[J].前沿,1995,14(10):1053～1058.
[24]Marfurt KJ,Kirlin R L,Farmer S L,et al.3-D seismic at-tributes using a semblance-based coherency algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150～1165.Marfurt KJ,Kirlin R L,Farmer S L,et al.基于相似的相干算法分析三维地震属性[J].地球物理学,1998,63(4):1150～1165.
[25]Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigenstructure-based coher-ence computations as an aid to3-Dstructural and stratigraph-ic mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468～1479.Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt KJ.基于本征结构的相干算法有助于三维构造和地层成图[J].地球物理学,1999,64(5):1468～1479.
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