芦山地震与龙门山断裂带南段活动性
摘要
芦山地震后,龙门山断裂带南段会不会再次发生7级甚至更大地震迅即成为人们关注的焦点.基于龙门山断裂带南段的活动性野外调查结果,本文从活动构造与古地震研究角度对芦山地震与汶川地震的构造关系以及龙门山断裂带南段的破裂历史进行了分析和讨论,旨在为回答这一问题提供一点依据.我们的初步认识是:龙门山断裂带南段的活动性与中段存在显著差异,其晚第四纪活动可能已向盆地前展.汶川地震的发震构造为中央-前山断裂系,而芦山地震主要和前山-山前断裂系密切相关,与中央断裂关系不明显.龙门山断裂带南段断裂带宽度增大,次级断裂条数增加,单条断裂断错地表活动强度明显减弱,其发震能力要弱于发生汶川地震的中段.此次地震更可能是龙门山断裂带南段芦山一带破裂空段的填补.
引文
1)中国地震局地质研究所.汶川8.0级地震科学考察“龙门山断裂带的大地震复发间隔调查”科考小组工作报告.2009
1Perkins D M.Contagious fault ruptures,probabalistic hazard,and contagion obvervability.In:Crone A J,Omdahl E M,eds.Proceedingsof Conference XXXIX;Directions in Paleoseismology.Virginia:U.S.Geological Suvey.1987.428-439
2赵友年,蒋良志,魏继裕,等.雅安地区地震地质特征与地震活动性研究.四川地震,1990,2:1-48
3杨晓平,蒋溥,宋方敏,等.龙门山断裂带南段错断晚更新世以来地层的证据.地震地质,1999,21:341-345
4Densmore A L,Ellis M A,Li Y,et al.Active tectonics of the Beichuan and Pengguan faults at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Tectonics,2007,26:TC4005,doi:10.1029/2006TC001987
5张岳桥,李海龙.龙门山断裂带西南段晚第四纪活动性调查与分析.第四纪研究,2010,30:699-710
6邓起东,高翔,陈桂华,等.青藏高原昆仑-汶川地震系列与巴颜喀喇断块的最新活动.地学前缘,2010,17:163-178
7陈立春,王虎,冉勇康,等.青海省玉树Ms7.1级地震地表破裂与历史大地震.科学通报,2010,55:1200-1205
8张培震,闻学泽,徐锡伟,等.2008年汶川8.0级特大地震孕育和发生的多单元组合模式.科学通报,2009,53:119-124
9Xu X W,Wen X Z,Yu G H,et al.Coseismic reverse-and oblique-slip surface faulting generated by the2008Mw7.9Wenchuan earth-quake,China.Geology,2009,37:515-518
10俆锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造.地震地质,2008,30:597-629
11Liu-Zeng J,Zhang Z,Wen L,et al.Co-seismic ruptures of the12May2008,Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan:East-west crustalshortening on oblique,parallel thrusts along the eastern edge of Tibet.Earth Planet Sci Lett,2009,286:355-370
12刘静,张智慧,文力,等.汶川8级大地震同震破裂的特殊性及构造意义——多条平行断裂同时活动的反序型逆冲地震事件.地质学报,2008,82:1707-1722
13李勇,黄润秋,周荣军,等.龙门山地震带的地质背景与汶川地震的地表破裂.工程地质学报,2009,17:3-18
14李海兵,付小方,Van Der Woerd J M,等.汶川地震(Ms8.0)地表破裂及其同震右旋斜向逆冲作用.地质学报,2008,82:1151-1154
15杨晓平,李安,刘保金,等.成都平原内汶川Ms8.0级地震的地表变形.地球物理学报,2009,52:2527-2537
16冉勇康,陈立春,陈桂华,等.汶川Ms8.0地震发震断裂大地震原地重复现象初析.地震地质,2008,30:630-643
17Ran Y K,Chen W S,Xu X W,et al.Paleoseismic events and recurrence interval along the Beichuan-Yingxiu fault of Longmenshan faultzone,Yingxiu,Sichuan,China.Tectonophysics,2013,584:81-90
18Ran Y K,Chen L C,Chen J,et al.Paleoseismic evidence and repeat time of large earthquakes at three sites along the longmenshan faultzone.Tectonophysics,2010,491:141-153
19Chen L C,Ran Y K,Wang H,et al.Palaeoseismology and kinematics characteristics of the Xiaoyudong rupture,a short but significantstrange segment rcharacterized by the May12,2008,Mw7.9earthquake in Sichuan,China.Tectonophysics,2013,584:91-101
20陈伟,杨克明,李书兵,等.龙门山南段山前印支晚期隐伏生长褶皱的构造几何模拟与分析.科学通报,2009,54:382-386
21董绍鹏,韩竹军,尹金辉,等.龙门山山前大邑断裂活动时代与最新构造变形样式初步研究.地震地质,2008,30:996-1003
22孙成民.四川地震全纪录(上卷).成都:四川人民出版社,2010.1-435
23中国地震局震害防御司.中国近代地震目录.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1999.1-637
24孙成民.四川地震全纪录(下卷).成都:四川人民出版社.2010.1-607
25Zhao G Z,Unsworth M J,Zhan Y,et al.Crustal structure and rheology of the Longmenshan and Wenchuan Mw7.9earthquake epicentralarea from magnetotelluric data.Geology,2012,40:1139-1142
26闻学泽,范军,易桂喜,等.川西安宁河断裂上的地震空区.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38:797-807
27Wen X Z,Ma S L,Xu X W,et al.Historical pattern and behavior of earthquake ruptures along the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan faulted-block,southwestern China.Phys Earth Planet Inter,2008,168:16-36
28Lorito S,Romano F,Atzori S,et al.Limited overlap between the seismic gap and coseismic slip of the great2010Chile earthquake.NatGeosci,2011,4:173-177
1Perkins D M.Contagious fault ruptures,probabalistic hazard,and contagion obvervability.In:Crone A J,Omdahl E M,eds.Proceedingsof Conference XXXIX;Directions in Paleoseismology.Virginia:U.S.Geological Suvey.1987.428-439
2赵友年,蒋良志,魏继裕,等.雅安地区地震地质特征与地震活动性研究.四川地震,1990,2:1-48
3杨晓平,蒋溥,宋方敏,等.龙门山断裂带南段错断晚更新世以来地层的证据.地震地质,1999,21:341-345
4Densmore A L,Ellis M A,Li Y,et al.Active tectonics of the Beichuan and Pengguan faults at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Tectonics,2007,26:TC4005,doi:10.1029/2006TC001987
5张岳桥,李海龙.龙门山断裂带西南段晚第四纪活动性调查与分析.第四纪研究,2010,30:699-710
6邓起东,高翔,陈桂华,等.青藏高原昆仑-汶川地震系列与巴颜喀喇断块的最新活动.地学前缘,2010,17:163-178
7陈立春,王虎,冉勇康,等.青海省玉树Ms7.1级地震地表破裂与历史大地震.科学通报,2010,55:1200-1205
8张培震,闻学泽,徐锡伟,等.2008年汶川8.0级特大地震孕育和发生的多单元组合模式.科学通报,2009,53:119-124
9Xu X W,Wen X Z,Yu G H,et al.Coseismic reverse-and oblique-slip surface faulting generated by the2008Mw7.9Wenchuan earth-quake,China.Geology,2009,37:515-518
10俆锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造.地震地质,2008,30:597-629
11Liu-Zeng J,Zhang Z,Wen L,et al.Co-seismic ruptures of the12May2008,Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan:East-west crustalshortening on oblique,parallel thrusts along the eastern edge of Tibet.Earth Planet Sci Lett,2009,286:355-370
12刘静,张智慧,文力,等.汶川8级大地震同震破裂的特殊性及构造意义——多条平行断裂同时活动的反序型逆冲地震事件.地质学报,2008,82:1707-1722
13李勇,黄润秋,周荣军,等.龙门山地震带的地质背景与汶川地震的地表破裂.工程地质学报,2009,17:3-18
14李海兵,付小方,Van Der Woerd J M,等.汶川地震(Ms8.0)地表破裂及其同震右旋斜向逆冲作用.地质学报,2008,82:1151-1154
15杨晓平,李安,刘保金,等.成都平原内汶川Ms8.0级地震的地表变形.地球物理学报,2009,52:2527-2537
16冉勇康,陈立春,陈桂华,等.汶川Ms8.0地震发震断裂大地震原地重复现象初析.地震地质,2008,30:630-643
17Ran Y K,Chen W S,Xu X W,et al.Paleoseismic events and recurrence interval along the Beichuan-Yingxiu fault of Longmenshan faultzone,Yingxiu,Sichuan,China.Tectonophysics,2013,584:81-90
18Ran Y K,Chen L C,Chen J,et al.Paleoseismic evidence and repeat time of large earthquakes at three sites along the longmenshan faultzone.Tectonophysics,2010,491:141-153
19Chen L C,Ran Y K,Wang H,et al.Palaeoseismology and kinematics characteristics of the Xiaoyudong rupture,a short but significantstrange segment rcharacterized by the May12,2008,Mw7.9earthquake in Sichuan,China.Tectonophysics,2013,584:91-101
20陈伟,杨克明,李书兵,等.龙门山南段山前印支晚期隐伏生长褶皱的构造几何模拟与分析.科学通报,2009,54:382-386
21董绍鹏,韩竹军,尹金辉,等.龙门山山前大邑断裂活动时代与最新构造变形样式初步研究.地震地质,2008,30:996-1003
22孙成民.四川地震全纪录(上卷).成都:四川人民出版社,2010.1-435
23中国地震局震害防御司.中国近代地震目录.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1999.1-637
24孙成民.四川地震全纪录(下卷).成都:四川人民出版社.2010.1-607
25Zhao G Z,Unsworth M J,Zhan Y,et al.Crustal structure and rheology of the Longmenshan and Wenchuan Mw7.9earthquake epicentralarea from magnetotelluric data.Geology,2012,40:1139-1142
26闻学泽,范军,易桂喜,等.川西安宁河断裂上的地震空区.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38:797-807
27Wen X Z,Ma S L,Xu X W,et al.Historical pattern and behavior of earthquake ruptures along the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan faulted-block,southwestern China.Phys Earth Planet Inter,2008,168:16-36
28Lorito S,Romano F,Atzori S,et al.Limited overlap between the seismic gap and coseismic slip of the great2010Chile earthquake.NatGeosci,2011,4:173-177
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