基于小波包变换的爆破地震波时频特征提取及分析
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摘要
为了研究爆破地震波振动分量的传播规律,在微风化花岗岩石场地进行了孔径为76mm,孔深为5mm的单孔和单段多孔爆破试验,获得该场地爆破地震波加速度衰减规律,加速度衰减系数为k=3 698,α=2.046,并研究出该场地基频范围为48Hz~74Hz。采用小波包技术对爆破地震波测试信号进行时频特征量提取,分析试验所测得爆破地震波不同频带下小波包系数的衰减规律。在此基础上通过研究场地介质对爆破振动分量的动态响应衰减作用,分析形成爆破地震波多频带特征的机理。
In order to study propagating law of blasting seismic wave vibration,blasting experiments are made in a granite site weakly weathered.The acceleration attenuation of the blasting seismic wave in the site is measured,the deep hole for blast is of 76mm in diameter and 5m in depth.The acceleration attenuation coefficients are k=3698andα=2.046,the base frequency range of the site is found to be 48~74Hz.With wavelet packet analysis,the blasting seismic wave time-frequency characteristics are extracted,and the attenuation law of the corresponding wavelet packet coefficients within different frequency bands vs the scaled distance is studied.Through analyzing the attenuation effect of the site medium on the dynamic response of the blasting seismic wave,the mechanism to form the multi-frequency-band feature of the blasting seismic wave is analyzed.
In order to study propagating law of blasting seismic wave vibration,blasting experiments are made in a granite site weakly weathered.The acceleration attenuation of the blasting seismic wave in the site is measured,the deep hole for blast is of 76mm in diameter and 5m in depth.The acceleration attenuation coefficients are k=3698andα=2.046,the base frequency range of the site is found to be 48~74Hz.With wavelet packet analysis,the blasting seismic wave time-frequency characteristics are extracted,and the attenuation law of the corresponding wavelet packet coefficients within different frequency bands vs the scaled distance is studied.Through analyzing the attenuation effect of the site medium on the dynamic response of the blasting seismic wave,the mechanism to form the multi-frequency-band feature of the blasting seismic wave is analyzed.
引文
[1]龙源,冯长根,徐全军,季茂荣.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1—7.
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[15]李友荣,曾法力,吕勇,刘安中.小波包分析在齿轮故障诊断中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(5):101—103.
[16]皱云屏,李潇.信号变换与处理[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1983.
[2]娄建武,龙源,方向.基于反映谱分析的爆破震动破坏评估研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2003,23(1):41—46.
[3]龙源,娄建武.工程爆破中的建筑物振动监测[J].解放军理工大学学报,2000,1(5):58—62.
[4]林大超,施惠基,白春华.爆炸地震效应的时频分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2003,23(1):31—36.
[5]Song Guangmin,Chen Shouru,Wu Congshi.Wavelet packetsanalysis models for the prediction of blasting.vibration wave-form.The 7th international symposium on rock fragmentationby blasting.Beijing,China,2002,311—320.
[6]马瑞恒,时党勇.爆破振动信号的时频分析[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(4):92—95.
[7]娄建武,龙源,徐全军.小波分析在结构爆破振动响应能量分析法中的应用[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(1):64—68.
[8]娄建武,龙源,徐全军.人工模拟爆破振动信号及其频谱特性检验[J].工程爆破,2001,7(1):7—11.
[9]娄建武,龙源.爆破震动信号的特征提取及识别技术研究[J].振动与冲击,2003,22(3):80—83.
[10]Coifman R R.Wickerhauser M V.Entropy based algorithmsfor best basis selection[J].IEEE Transaction on InformationTheory,1992,38(2):713—718.
[11]Stepane Mallet,A wavelet tour of signal processing.杨力华,戴道清,黄文良等译[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002,244—257.
[12]纪跃波.小波包的频率顺序[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(3):96—110.
[13]胡昌华等编著.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计—小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999:251—271.
[14]子波变换理论及其在信号中的应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1998,164—191.
[15]李友荣,曾法力,吕勇,刘安中.小波包分析在齿轮故障诊断中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(5):101—103.
[16]皱云屏,李潇.信号变换与处理[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1983.
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