大震下被动与智能隔震结构动力可靠度的对比
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摘要
对被动及智能隔震结构在“大震”条件下的动力可靠度进行探讨。将被动及智能隔震体系均取作弹塑性模型,并用退化Bouc-W en滞变模型描述上部结构的恢复力,用非退化Bouc-W en模型描述隔震层的恢复力。采用虚拟激励法计算结构的随机响应,根据我国抗震规范中“大震不倒”的设防目标,采用各层最大层间位移峰值响应和累积滞变耗能构造双参数的随机疲劳累积损伤指数,作为功能状态指标。假定各层失效相关,用串联系统计算体系动力可靠度。通过数值算例,对比了被动隔震、智能隔震与非隔震体系的条件失效概率,从动力可靠度角度显示了智能隔震体系的减震优势。
This paper investigates the dynamic reliability of passive and smart isolated structures under major earthquakes.Both passive and smart isolated structures are assumed to be elasto-plastic,and the Bouc-Wen hysteretic model is adopted to represent the isolator and the degrading Bouc-Wen model is used for the superstructure.The pseudo excitation method(PEM) is employed to calculate the random response of structures.Double damage parameters of maximum story drift and hysteretic energy are adopted as a limit state index according to the requirement of "not collapsing under major earthquake" specified by the seismic design code of China.The dynamic reliability of the structural system is calculated by assuming that the stories are serially connected and that the failure of all the stories is correlated.The conditional failure probability of passive and smart isolated structures is compared with that of the fixed base structures through a numerical example.The advantage of smart isolation in vibration mitigation is exhibited from the view point of dynamic reliability.
This paper investigates the dynamic reliability of passive and smart isolated structures under major earthquakes.Both passive and smart isolated structures are assumed to be elasto-plastic,and the Bouc-Wen hysteretic model is adopted to represent the isolator and the degrading Bouc-Wen model is used for the superstructure.The pseudo excitation method(PEM) is employed to calculate the random response of structures.Double damage parameters of maximum story drift and hysteretic energy are adopted as a limit state index according to the requirement of "not collapsing under major earthquake" specified by the seismic design code of China.The dynamic reliability of the structural system is calculated by assuming that the stories are serially connected and that the failure of all the stories is correlated.The conditional failure probability of passive and smart isolated structures is compared with that of the fixed base structures through a numerical example.The advantage of smart isolation in vibration mitigation is exhibited from the view point of dynamic reliability.
引文
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[15]Yang J N,L i Z,L iu S C.Stab le controllers for instantaneous optimal control[J].Journal of EngineeringM echan ics,ASCE,1992,118(8):1612~1630.
[16]杜永峰,李慧,B F Spencer Jr.,等.地震作用下结构振动最优控制的一种一般算法[J].大连理工大学学报,2004,44(6):864~869.
[17]Du Y F,L iH.Random response of smart isolated structures implem ented w ith sem i-active controller.Proc.6 th world conf.ComputationalM e-chan ics[C].Beijing:Tsinghua Un iversity,2004.308~315.
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[19]欧进萍,王光远.结构随机振动[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998.
[20]Park Y J Ang A H-S.M echan istic seism ic damage model for reinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1985,111(4):740~757.
[21]李桂青,曹宏,李秋胜,等.结构动力可靠性理论及其应用[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.
[22]高小旺,鲍霭斌.地震作用的概率模型及其统计参数[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):13~22.
[23]王光远,朱靖华.地震作用下串、并联工程系统中结构失效相关的近似处理[J].地震工程与工程振动,1998,18(4):1~7.
[24]Du Y F,L iH,Dang Y,et al.A comparison of seism ic reliab ility of passive and smart isolated structures.In Cho,H.-N.,et al.Proc.Asian-Pacific Symp.Struct.Reliab.and its Appl.,[C].2004,Seou l,Korea:Techno-Press,587~598.
[25]周锡元,韩淼,曾德民,等.具有软着陆保护的橡胶支座隔震体系[J].建筑结构学报,2000,21(5):2~10.
[2]欧进萍,关新春.磁流变耗能器性能的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(4):76~81.
[3]吕明云,瞿伟廉,涂建维.建筑结构地震反应的智能隔震控制[J].武汉理工大学学报,2002,24(4):62~65.
[4]陈海泉,李忠献,李延涛.应用形状记忆合金的高层建筑结构智能隔震[J].天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2002,(6):761~765.
[5]Spencer Jr,B F,Johnson E A,Ramallo J C."Smart"isolation for seism ic control[J].JSME International Journal,Special Issue on FrontiersofMotion and V ibration Control,Series C,2000,43(3):704~711.
[6]W en Y K,Sh inozuka M.Cost-efficient in active structural control[J].Engineering Structures,1997,20(3):216~221.
[7]Spencer,BF,Jr SainMK,Kanor JC,Montemagno C.Probab ilistic stab ilitym easures for controlled structures sub ject to the real param eter uncer-tainties[J].SmartMaterials and Structures,1992,(1):294~305.
[8]Battain iM,Casciati F,Faravelli L.Som e reliab ility aspects in structural control[J].Probab ilistic EngineeringM echan ics,2000,15(1):101~107.
[9]Ven in i P,Marian i C.Reliab ility as a m easure of active control effectiveness[J].Computers and Structures,1997,73:465~473.
[10]吴波,郭安薪,王光远.安装被动控制装置的钢筋混凝土框架结构弹塑性层间最大位移反应的概率统计分析[J].建筑结构学报,2001,22(2):40~45.
[11]李大望,霍达,金焰等.基于动力可靠性分析的滑移隔震体系的优化设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1998,18(4):118~130.
[12]洪峰,王前信,江近仁.基底滑移隔震刚性结构的随机滑移反应和可靠性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,1993,13(2):47~51.
[13]Barbat TT,W en YK.Random vibration of hysteretic degrad ing system s[J].J Eng.M ech.D iv.,ASCE,1981,107(EM6):1069~1087.
[14]Hurtado JE,BarbatAH.Equ ivalent linearization of Bouc-W en hysteretic model[J].Engineering Structures,2000,22(8):1121~1132.
[15]Yang J N,L i Z,L iu S C.Stab le controllers for instantaneous optimal control[J].Journal of EngineeringM echan ics,ASCE,1992,118(8):1612~1630.
[16]杜永峰,李慧,B F Spencer Jr.,等.地震作用下结构振动最优控制的一种一般算法[J].大连理工大学学报,2004,44(6):864~869.
[17]Du Y F,L iH.Random response of smart isolated structures implem ented w ith sem i-active controller.Proc.6 th world conf.ComputationalM e-chan ics[C].Beijing:Tsinghua Un iversity,2004.308~315.
[18]杜永峰,李慧,张恩海,等.隔震结构“小震不坏”的动力可靠度分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(5):84~91.
[19]欧进萍,王光远.结构随机振动[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998.
[20]Park Y J Ang A H-S.M echan istic seism ic damage model for reinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1985,111(4):740~757.
[21]李桂青,曹宏,李秋胜,等.结构动力可靠性理论及其应用[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.
[22]高小旺,鲍霭斌.地震作用的概率模型及其统计参数[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):13~22.
[23]王光远,朱靖华.地震作用下串、并联工程系统中结构失效相关的近似处理[J].地震工程与工程振动,1998,18(4):1~7.
[24]Du Y F,L iH,Dang Y,et al.A comparison of seism ic reliab ility of passive and smart isolated structures.In Cho,H.-N.,et al.Proc.Asian-Pacific Symp.Struct.Reliab.and its Appl.,[C].2004,Seou l,Korea:Techno-Press,587~598.
[25]周锡元,韩淼,曾德民,等.具有软着陆保护的橡胶支座隔震体系[J].建筑结构学报,2000,21(5):2~10.
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