斜拉桥试验模型相似性推导与动力问题的数值分析
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摘要
采用结构试验模型的相似理论,应用方程分析与量纲矩阵分析相结合的方法,推导了岳阳洞庭湖大桥三塔斜拉桥模型的静力和动力模型的各种相似关系,以及模态参数的相似比和相似判据。采用有限元技术,对比分析实桥与模型结构的自振特性与在地震波作用下的动力响应;通过数值分析得出满足刚度相似的模型数值结果,通过在模型结构上施加合理的配重后即可获得满足工程精度要求的原型结构的动力特性与动力响应;针对大跨度斜拉桥模型结构的配重问题,比较塔和索的配重对结构自振特性和在三向地震波作用下动力响应的影响。研究表明,在对桥梁结构进行静、动力分析时,桥梁结构的模型设计主要应满足刚度相似,试验结果可以根据相似比和相似判据通过配重进行修正,从而为结构的设计与动力试验提供依据。
The static and dynamic similarity theories of structure experimentation model are presented by combining the equation analysis with dimension matrix analysis.The similar relationships between static and dynamic models,ratio of similitude,and similarity criteria of Dongtinghu three-tower cable-stayed Bridge in Yueyang City are deduced.The self-oscillating character and the dynamical response under the action of seismic wage of the prototype and the model are compared and analyzed based on finite element technique.By numerical analysis,the results of rigidity similitude model are deduced.As reasonable additional mass upon the model structure,the dynamical capability and dynamical response of the prototype meeting the requirement of engineering precision can be gained.For the additional mass question of large cable-stayed bridge model,the dynamical capability and the response of the bridge′s tower and cable with or without additional mass under the action of three-dimensional earthquake wave are analyzed and compared.It shows that the structure design of model bridge satisfied primarily rigidity similitude.According to the similitude ratio and similitude criterion,the test results can be modified by the additional mass.It can provide references to the design and dynamical examination of structure.
The static and dynamic similarity theories of structure experimentation model are presented by combining the equation analysis with dimension matrix analysis.The similar relationships between static and dynamic models,ratio of similitude,and similarity criteria of Dongtinghu three-tower cable-stayed Bridge in Yueyang City are deduced.The self-oscillating character and the dynamical response under the action of seismic wage of the prototype and the model are compared and analyzed based on finite element technique.By numerical analysis,the results of rigidity similitude model are deduced.As reasonable additional mass upon the model structure,the dynamical capability and dynamical response of the prototype meeting the requirement of engineering precision can be gained.For the additional mass question of large cable-stayed bridge model,the dynamical capability and the response of the bridge′s tower and cable with or without additional mass under the action of three-dimensional earthquake wave are analyzed and compared.It shows that the structure design of model bridge satisfied primarily rigidity similitude.According to the similitude ratio and similitude criterion,the test results can be modified by the additional mass.It can provide references to the design and dynamical examination of structure.
引文
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[2]颜东煌,田仲初,陈常松,等.岳阳洞庭湖大桥三塔斜拉桥全桥静动力模型设计[J].长沙交通学院学报,1999,15(1):50–54.(YanDonghuang,Tian Zhongchu,Chen Changsun,et al.Static anddynamic model design of the total bridge of Yueyang Dongting three-tower cable-stayed bridge[J].Journal of Changsha CommunicationsUniversity,1999,15(1):50–54.(in Chinese))
[3]陈星烨,马晓燕,宋建中.大型结构试验模型相似理论分析与推导[J].长沙交通学院学报,2004,20(1):11–14.(Chen Xingye,MaXiaoyan,Song Jianzhong.The comparability analysis and deductionof a large structure test model[J].Journal of Changsha CommunicationsUniversity,2004,20(1):11–14.(in Chinese))
[4]范立础.桥梁抗震[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.117–122.(FanLichu.Earthquake Resistance of Bridges[M].Shanghai:TongjiUniversity Press,1997.117–122.(in Chinese))
[5]马晓燕.大跨度斜拉桥模型结构动力时程分析[硕士学位论文][D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2004.35–40.(Ma Xiaoyan.Time-domainvibration analysis of long-span cable-stayed bridges modelstructure[M.S.Thesis][D].Changsha:Changsha University ofScience and Technology,2004.35–40.(in Chinese))
[6]张子明,杜成武,江泉.结构动力学[M].南京:河海大学出版社,2001.68–82.(Zhang Ziming,Du Chengwu,Jiang Quan.Structural Dynamics[M].Nanjing:Hohai University Press,2001.68–82.(in Chinese))
[7]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.公路工程抗震设计规范(JTJ004–89)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1989.(The Professional StandardsCompilation Group of People′s Republic of China.Specifications ofEarthquake Resistant Design for Highway Engineering(JTJ004–89)[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,1989.(in Chinese))
[8]广东省工程防震研究所.湖南岳阳洞庭湖大桥工程场地地震安全性评价报告[R].广州:广东省工程防震研究所,1996.(GuangdongInstitute of Engineering Earthquake Prevention.Engineering fieldseism security estimation report of Dongtinghu bridge,Yueyang,Hunan Province[R].Guangzhou:Guangdong Institute of EngineeringEarthquake Prevention,1996.(in Chinese))
[9]Wilson J,Grarelle W.Modeling of a cable-staged bridge for dynamicsanalysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1991,20:701–721.
[10]陈星烨,邵旭东,颜东煌.大跨度斜拉桥地震动线性与非线性响应分析[J].湖南大学学报,2002,29(2):106–111.(Chen Xingye,Shao Xudong,Yan Donghuang.Long span bridge linear and nonlinearresponse analysis while earthquake[J].Journal of Hunan University,2002,29(2):106–111.(in Chinese))
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