环境地球物理学:新概念(英文)
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摘要
环境地球物理学是勘探地球物理学新科学和新应用分支。环境地球物理定义为用仪器对以各种物理场形式出现的物质和能量进行测量进而对环境进行多重目的监控。环境地球物理再细分为灾害、防护及医学环境地球物理。对环境物理异常及其天然和人工源进行了整理、分类。文中说明了地质生态目标和过程的静态和动态物理地质模型系统 ,以及多元建模原则。环境地球物理场的变化可作为地质环境演变部分或全部丧失其稳定性乃至被破坏的明显标志 ,且意义重大。灾害事件 (地震、滑坡、海震等 )的预报被证明是可能的。这些灾祸是各种技术因素或触发地质过程的结果 ,它们发展潜隐而发生突然 ,正如缓发生态地质炸弹一样。
Environmental geophysics is a new scientific and applied branch of prospecting geophysics. Environmental geophysics is defined as multi purpose monitoring of the environment through instrumental measuring of substance and energy in the form of various physical fields. Environmental geophysics is subdivided into hazard, preventive and medical ones. Ecophysical anomalies and their natural and artificial sources are arranged in classifications. A system of static and dynamic physical geological models of geoecological subjects and processes as well as the principle of multivariant modeling are described. The role of ecophysical field alterations as manifest indicators of geological environment evolution leading to a partial or full loss of its stability and destruction is shown to be significant. Forecasts of hazardous events (earthquakes, landslides, tsunami, etc.) are proved to be possible. Such catastrophes occur as a result of technogenous or trigger geoecological processes developing latently and occurring unexpectedly like ecological bombs of delayed action.
Environmental geophysics is a new scientific and applied branch of prospecting geophysics. Environmental geophysics is defined as multi purpose monitoring of the environment through instrumental measuring of substance and energy in the form of various physical fields. Environmental geophysics is subdivided into hazard, preventive and medical ones. Ecophysical anomalies and their natural and artificial sources are arranged in classifications. A system of static and dynamic physical geological models of geoecological subjects and processes as well as the principle of multivariant modeling are described. The role of ecophysical field alterations as manifest indicators of geological environment evolution leading to a partial or full loss of its stability and destruction is shown to be significant. Forecasts of hazardous events (earthquakes, landslides, tsunami, etc.) are proved to be possible. Such catastrophes occur as a result of technogenous or trigger geoecological processes developing latently and occurring unexpectedly like ecological bombs of delayed action.
引文
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[2 ] PETLONIEMIM .EnvironmentalgeophysicsinFinland :stateoftheart[A] .ProceedingoftheSymposiumontheApplicationofGeophysicstoEngi neeringandEnvironmentalProblems[C] .Keystone ,Colorado ,1996.963 969.
[3 ] VOGELSANG .EnvironmentalGeophysics[M] .Berlin :[s .n .] ,1995 .
[ 4] VAKHROMEEVGS .EnvironmentalGeophysics(inRussian) [M] .Thetext bookforhigherschools .Irkutsk :IrkutskStateTechnicalUniversity ,1995 .2 16.
[5 ] VAKHROMEEVGS ,BARYSHEVAS .Theclassificationofphysicogeologicalmodelsofmineraldeposits[J] .GeophysicalProspecting ,1984,3 2 :63 78.
[6] LITVINVM ,NIKIFOROVSP .Ageological geophysicalmodelforkarst suffosionnatural engineeringsystems[A] .EngineeringandEnviron mentalGeophysicsforthe 2 1st Century .ProccedingoftheInternationalSymposium[C] .Chengdu :SichuanPublishingHouseofScienceandTech nology ,1997.40 3 410 .
[7] POWERSMH ,OLHOEFTGR .ModellingtheGPRresponseofleaking ,buriedpipes[A] .ProceedingsoftheSymposiumontheApplicationofGeophysicstoEngineeringandEnvironmentalProblems[C] .Keystone ,Colorado ,1996.5 2 5 5 3 4 .
[8] ZHOURS ,HOUXS ,MAYJ .Radioactivemethodsonenvironmentalgeophysics[A] .EngineeringandEnvironmentalGeophysicsforthe 2 1stCentury .ProceedingoftheInternationalSymposium[C] .Chengdu :SichuanPublishingHouseofScienceandTechnology ,1997.3 4 3 3 4 9.
[9] JOSTENNE ,GEHCKER .Applicationofdig facemonitoringduringexcavationofaradioactiveplume[A] .ProceedingoftheSymposiumontheApplicationofGeophysicstoEngineeringandEnvironmentalProblems[C] .Keystone ,Colorado ,1996.113 5 115 6.
[10 ] UNSCEAR .Sources ,EffectsandRiskofIonizingRadiation[R] .ReporttotheGeneralAssemblywithAnnexes.UN ,NewYork ,1988.64 7.
[11] CHENHM .Theenvironmentaleffectofgeoelectromagneticandmagneticfields[A] .EngineeringandEnvironmentalGeophysicsforthe 2 1stCen tury .ProceedingsoftheInternationalSymposium[C] .Chengdu :SichuanPublishingHouseofscienceandTechnology ,1997.2 78 2 85 .
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