小波多尺度井间地震衰减层析成像
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摘要
本文提出了一种井间地震衰减层析成像方法,首先采用小波多尺度分解;然后采用程函方程有限差分法进行井间地震走时计算,反演出井间速度结构;最后采用相邻道比值法消除震源对成像结果的影响,完成共炮集记录的振幅衰减成像。通过对含洞层状模型用黏滞声波方程交错网格高阶有限差分法合成的井间数据的计算表明:本方法与程函方程有限差分法计算的初至走时精度吻合较好,波场快照不但精确描述了正传方向和反传方向上地震波前面的特征,而且定量描述了地震波传播过程中的能量转换;振幅衰减值层析成像剖面准确刻画出了模型中洞的大小和位置。
The paper presented a method of seismic-attenuated cross-hole tomographic imaging. Firstly, Using multi-scaled wavelet decomposition; then, using finite-difference algorithm of eikonal equation to compute the cross-hole seismic travel times and make inversion of cross-hole velocity structure; finally, using adjacent traces ratio method to eliminate the influence of source on imaging results, finishing the amplitude-attenuated imaging of common-shot gather records. The computation of cross-hole data, synthesized by high-order staggering finite-difference algorithm of viscous-acoustic equation of cavern-bearing layered model, showed that the precision of first breaks travel-time computed by the method is coincident with that by finite-difference of eikonal equation; the wavefield snapshots not only precisely describe the feature of seismic wavefronts in both forward and backward travel directions, but also quantitatively describe the energy transformation in a process of seismic wave propagation; the amplitude-attenuated tomographic imaging sections can accurately describe the size and position of caverns in model.
The paper presented a method of seismic-attenuated cross-hole tomographic imaging. Firstly, Using multi-scaled wavelet decomposition; then, using finite-difference algorithm of eikonal equation to compute the cross-hole seismic travel times and make inversion of cross-hole velocity structure; finally, using adjacent traces ratio method to eliminate the influence of source on imaging results, finishing the amplitude-attenuated imaging of common-shot gather records. The computation of cross-hole data, synthesized by high-order staggering finite-difference algorithm of viscous-acoustic equation of cavern-bearing layered model, showed that the precision of first breaks travel-time computed by the method is coincident with that by finite-difference of eikonal equation; the wavefield snapshots not only precisely describe the feature of seismic wavefronts in both forward and backward travel directions, but also quantitatively describe the energy transformation in a process of seismic wave propagation; the amplitude-attenuated tomographic imaging sections can accurately describe the size and position of caverns in model.
引文
[1]Dines K A and R J Lytle.Computerized geophysical tomography.Proceedings of the IEEE,1979,67:1065~1073
[2]Youli Quan and Jerry M Harris.Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency shift method.Geo-physics,1997,62(3):895~905
[3]Vasco D Wet al.Nonuniqueness in travelti me tomo-graphy:Ensemble inference and cluster analysis.Geophysiscs,1996,61(4):1209~1227
[4]严又生,宜明理等.井间地震速度和Q值联合层析成像及应用.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):9~17
[5]王辉,常旭等.时间域相邻道地震波衰减成像研究.地球物理学报,2001,44(3)
[6]裴正林,余钦范.小波多尺度井间地震波形层析成像方法.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(6):680~689
[7]裴正林,牟永光,狄帮让,魏建新.复杂介质小波多尺度井间地震层析成像方法研究.地球物理学报,2003,46(1)
[8]牟永光,裴正林著.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2005
[2]Youli Quan and Jerry M Harris.Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency shift method.Geo-physics,1997,62(3):895~905
[3]Vasco D Wet al.Nonuniqueness in travelti me tomo-graphy:Ensemble inference and cluster analysis.Geophysiscs,1996,61(4):1209~1227
[4]严又生,宜明理等.井间地震速度和Q值联合层析成像及应用.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):9~17
[5]王辉,常旭等.时间域相邻道地震波衰减成像研究.地球物理学报,2001,44(3)
[6]裴正林,余钦范.小波多尺度井间地震波形层析成像方法.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(6):680~689
[7]裴正林,牟永光,狄帮让,魏建新.复杂介质小波多尺度井间地震层析成像方法研究.地球物理学报,2003,46(1)
[8]牟永光,裴正林著.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2005
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