多尺度τ-p谱及其应用
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摘要
把小波变换与τ-ｐ变换有机地结合起来，本文提出了多尺度τ-ｐ谱的概念，给出了基于多尺度τ-ｐ谱作滤波处理和波场分离的方法．与通常的τ-ｐ变换相比，该方法将x－t域的地震记录变换到（τ，p，a）或（τ,p，f）空间（即多尺度τ-ｐ谱）．多尺度τ-ｐ谱比通常τ-ｐ谱增加了一维，因此用于波场分离或去噪，前者优于后者．若恰当地选择小波函数，该方法抗噪能力强，计算精度高．文中给出了模型及实际地震资料处理实例；证明了此方法的有效性．
In this paper, based on wavelet transform and τ-ｐ transform, a new representation of seismic data, multi-scales τ-ｐ spectrurn is presented, which is obtained through transformation of seismic data from (t,x) to (τ,p,a) or (τ, p,f) domain.A method of filtering or wavefield separahon in (τ,p,a) domain is given. Comparing with tradihonal (τ, p) filtering, this new method has several advantages such as easier wavefield separation, higher precision and stronger denoise performance if a proper wavelet funchon is chosen. Both the synthetic seismogram and the field data tests illustrate its effechveness for this method.
In this paper, based on wavelet transform and τ-ｐ transform, a new representation of seismic data, multi-scales τ-ｐ spectrurn is presented, which is obtained through transformation of seismic data from (t,x) to (τ,p,a) or (τ, p,f) domain.A method of filtering or wavefield separahon in (τ,p,a) domain is given. Comparing with tradihonal (τ, p) filtering, this new method has several advantages such as easier wavefield separation, higher precision and stronger denoise performance if a proper wavelet funchon is chosen. Both the synthetic seismogram and the field data tests illustrate its effechveness for this method.
引文
1 Noponen I, Keeney J. Attenuation of water-borne coherent noise by appllcauon of hyperbolic velocity filtering during the tau-p transform、Geophysics,1986,51(1):20-35
2 Michell A R, Kelamis P G.Efficient tau-p hyperbolic velocity filtering. Geophysics,1990, 55(5):619-625
3 Harding A J. Slowness-time mapping of near offset seismic reflection data.Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomic Society, 1985, 80(3):463-493
4 Greenhalgh S. Controlled direction reception filtering of P-wave and S-wave in τ-p space、Geophys.J. Int,1990,100:221-234
5 Greenhalgh S. Seismic wavefield separation by multi-component tau-p polarization filtering.Tectonophysics,1990,173:53-61
6 Turner G. Aliasing in the tau-p transform and the removal of spatially aliased coherent noise. Geophysics,1990,55(11):1495-1503
7 Chapman C H. Generalized radon transform and slant stacks,Geophysical JR Astr. Soc,1981,(66):445-453
8 Brysk H, McCowan D W.A slant-stack procedure for point source data.Geophysics,1986,51:1370-1386
9 Stoffa P G.Direct mapping of seismic data to the domain of intercept time and ray parameter-A plane-wave decomposition. Geophysics,1981,46:255-267
10 Treitel S,Gutowski P R, Wagner D E. Plane-wave decomposition of seismograms.Geophysics,1982,47:1357-1401
11 朱光明,徐志康,杜有成.VSP波场分离.石油地球物理勘探,1990, 25(6):161-167 ZHU Guang-Ming,XU Zhi-Kang,DU You-Cheng.Wavefield separation for VSP Oil Geophysics Prospecting(in Chinese), 1990, 25(6):161-167
12 Grossmann A, Moriet J. Decomposition of function into wavelets of constant shop,and related transform,In Mathmatics+Physics. In:Streit L ed.Lectures on Recent Results. Singapore:World Scientific,1985.135-165
13 Grossmann A, Kroland-Martinet R,Morlet J.Reading and understanding continuous wavelet transform,In:Wavelets,Time-Frequency Methods and Phase Space.1st Int. Wavelets Conf., Marseille, 1989 2-20
14 Grossmann A, Kroland-Martinet R. Time-scale represention obtained through continuous wavelet transform.In: Signal Processing IV:Theories and Applications.Amsterdam:Elsevier, 1988. 675-682
15 Cui C K. An Introduction to Wavelets. Boston: Academic Press, 1992
16 高静怀,汪文秉,朱光明.小波变换与信号瞬时特征分析.地球物理学报,1997,40(6):821-832 GAo Jing-Huai,WANG Wen-Bing, ZHU Guang-Ming Instantaneous attributes analysis via wavelet transform.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese), 1997, 40(6):821-832
17 高静怀,汪文秉,朱光明等.地震资料处理中小波函数的选取研究.地球物理学报,1996,39(3):389-397GAO Jing-Huai,WANG Wen-Bing,ZHU Guang-Ming,et al.On the choice of wavelet functions for seismic data processing.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese),1996,39(3):389-397
2 Michell A R, Kelamis P G.Efficient tau-p hyperbolic velocity filtering. Geophysics,1990, 55(5):619-625
3 Harding A J. Slowness-time mapping of near offset seismic reflection data.Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomic Society, 1985, 80(3):463-493
4 Greenhalgh S. Controlled direction reception filtering of P-wave and S-wave in τ-p space、Geophys.J. Int,1990,100:221-234
5 Greenhalgh S. Seismic wavefield separation by multi-component tau-p polarization filtering.Tectonophysics,1990,173:53-61
6 Turner G. Aliasing in the tau-p transform and the removal of spatially aliased coherent noise. Geophysics,1990,55(11):1495-1503
7 Chapman C H. Generalized radon transform and slant stacks,Geophysical JR Astr. Soc,1981,(66):445-453
8 Brysk H, McCowan D W.A slant-stack procedure for point source data.Geophysics,1986,51:1370-1386
9 Stoffa P G.Direct mapping of seismic data to the domain of intercept time and ray parameter-A plane-wave decomposition. Geophysics,1981,46:255-267
10 Treitel S,Gutowski P R, Wagner D E. Plane-wave decomposition of seismograms.Geophysics,1982,47:1357-1401
11 朱光明,徐志康,杜有成.VSP波场分离.石油地球物理勘探,1990, 25(6):161-167 ZHU Guang-Ming,XU Zhi-Kang,DU You-Cheng.Wavefield separation for VSP Oil Geophysics Prospecting(in Chinese), 1990, 25(6):161-167
12 Grossmann A, Moriet J. Decomposition of function into wavelets of constant shop,and related transform,In Mathmatics+Physics. In:Streit L ed.Lectures on Recent Results. Singapore:World Scientific,1985.135-165
13 Grossmann A, Kroland-Martinet R,Morlet J.Reading and understanding continuous wavelet transform,In:Wavelets,Time-Frequency Methods and Phase Space.1st Int. Wavelets Conf., Marseille, 1989 2-20
14 Grossmann A, Kroland-Martinet R. Time-scale represention obtained through continuous wavelet transform.In: Signal Processing IV:Theories and Applications.Amsterdam:Elsevier, 1988. 675-682
15 Cui C K. An Introduction to Wavelets. Boston: Academic Press, 1992
16 高静怀,汪文秉,朱光明.小波变换与信号瞬时特征分析.地球物理学报,1997,40(6):821-832 GAo Jing-Huai,WANG Wen-Bing, ZHU Guang-Ming Instantaneous attributes analysis via wavelet transform.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese), 1997, 40(6):821-832
17 高静怀,汪文秉,朱光明等.地震资料处理中小波函数的选取研究.地球物理学报,1996,39(3):389-397GAO Jing-Huai,WANG Wen-Bing,ZHU Guang-Ming,et al.On the choice of wavelet functions for seismic data processing.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese),1996,39(3):389-397
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