大型斜拉桥圆柱形桥塔涡激共振的控制
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摘要
为了研究大形斜拉桥圆柱形桥塔的涡激共振特性,并且对其进行有效的控制,通过分析大形斜拉桥圆柱型桥塔的边界条件特点,建立桥塔计算模型,基于此模型分析了桥塔的固有特性;由风致涡激振动理论及有关空气动力学原理确定漩涡发放频率以及升力幅值;考虑桥塔的形状结构特点以及发生共振时的频率锁定现象确定锁定区域;提出了5个控制桥塔涡激共振的方案,理论分析和数值计算结果表明:方案5——改变锁定区域结构形式,不仅能够使桥塔避免或减弱涡激共振,与其他4个方案相比,该方案在造价和施工方面具有明显的优势,同时增加附属结构不会影响桥梁其他的相关结构,因此确定方案5——改变锁定区域结构形式为最佳控制方案。
In order to study the vortex-induced resonance characteristics of the cylindrical-typed bridge towers of large cable-stayed bridge and effectively control the occurrence of the vortex-induced resonance,calculation model was established based on analysis of the boundary conditions of the bridge towers and the inherent characteristics of the bridge towers was analyzed.Vortex-induced vibration theory and the aerodynamic principles were used to define the vortex frequency and the lift force amplitude.Considering the structure features of bridge towers and resonant frequency locking,locking region was determined.Five vortex-induced resonance controlling schemes were presented.Theoretical analysis and numerical calculation show that Scheme 5(changing the structure form of locking region) not only avoids or weakens vortex-induced resonance but has distinct advantages on the cost and construction.Because increasing the subsidiary structure will not affect other bridge structures,this scheme is the best option.
In order to study the vortex-induced resonance characteristics of the cylindrical-typed bridge towers of large cable-stayed bridge and effectively control the occurrence of the vortex-induced resonance,calculation model was established based on analysis of the boundary conditions of the bridge towers and the inherent characteristics of the bridge towers was analyzed.Vortex-induced vibration theory and the aerodynamic principles were used to define the vortex frequency and the lift force amplitude.Considering the structure features of bridge towers and resonant frequency locking,locking region was determined.Five vortex-induced resonance controlling schemes were presented.Theoretical analysis and numerical calculation show that Scheme 5(changing the structure form of locking region) not only avoids or weakens vortex-induced resonance but has distinct advantages on the cost and construction.Because increasing the subsidiary structure will not affect other bridge structures,this scheme is the best option.
引文
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[2]黄本才.结构抗风分析原理及应用[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2001.HUANG Ben-cai.Theory and Application on Wind ResistanceAnalysis of Structures[M].Shanghai:Tongji UniversityPress,2001.
[3]朱乐东.桥梁涡激共振试验节段模型质量系统模拟与振幅修正方法[J].工程力学,2005,22(5):204-208.ZHU Le-dong.Mass Simulation and Amplitude Conversion ofBridge Sectional Model Test for Vortex-excited Resonance[J].Engineering Mechanics,2005,22(5):204-208.
[4]项海帆,陈艾荣,顾明.调质阻尼器(TMD)对桥梁涡激共振的抑制[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1994,22(2):159-164.XIANG Hai-fan,CHEN Ai-rong,GU Ming.Suppressing theVortex-excited Vibration of Bridges with Tuned Mass Damper(TMD)[J].Journal of Tongji University,1994,22(2):159-164.
[5]余建星,王磊,蒋啸天,等.基于非线性理论的海底管跨涡激共振可靠性研究[J].天津大学学报,2005,38(1):31-35.YU Jian-xing,WANG Lei,JIANG Xiao-tian,et al.Relia-bility Research on Vortex Induced Resonance of SubmarinePipeline Span Based on Nonlinear Theory[J].Journal of Tian-jin University,2005,38(1):31-35.
[6]丁祖荣,单雪雄.流体力学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003.DING Zu-rong,SHAN Xue-xiong.Hydrodynamics[M].Be-ijing:Peking University Press,2003.
[7]李国豪.桥梁结构稳定与振动[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1996.LI Guo-hao.Stability and Vibration of Bridge Structure[M].Beijing:China Railway Press,1996.
[8]张相庭.结构风压和风振计算[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1985.ZHANG Xiang-ting.Wind Pressure and Wind-induced VibrationComputation[M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press,1985.
[9]项海帆,林志兴,鲍卫刚,等.公路桥梁抗风设计指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1996.XIANG Hai-fan,LIN Zhi-xing,BAO Wei-gang,et al.Wind-resistant Design of Highway Bridge Guide[M].Beijing:Chi-na Communications Press,1996.
[10]张一峰,黄侨,孙永明.部分斜拉桥合理成桥状态的研究[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(11):60-63.ZHENG Yi-feng,HUANG Qiao,SUN Yong-ming.Researchon Rational State of Accomplishment of Partial Cable-stayedBridge[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Researchand Development,2006,23(11):60-63.
[11]于繁华,刘寒冰.钢筋混凝土简支梁的多目标可靠性稳健优化设计[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(8):52-56.YU Fan-hua,LIU Han-bing.Multi-objective Reliability RobustOptimization Design of Reinforced Concrete Simple-supportedBeam[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Researchand Development,2007,24(8):52-56.
[12]亓兴军,李小军,侯春林.简支箱梁桥地震反应半主动控制分析[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(7):60-63.QI Xing-jun,LI Xiao-jun,HOU Chun-lin.Analysis of SeismicResponse Semi-active Control for Simply Supported Box BeamBridge[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Researchand Development,2007,24(7):60-63.
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