岩石破坏声发射强度分形特征研究
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摘要
通过对岩石单轴受压破坏全过程的声发射实验,建立了岩石破坏声发射强度分维模型,研究了岩石破坏全过程各个应力水平声发射分形特征以及分形维值随实验时间的变化规律。研究结果表明:加载初期岩石试件声发射强度分形维值变化不稳定,分形维值的大小变化有反复,但从分形维值总的变化趋势来看,这一阶段的分形维值还是处于较大水平;加载中后期声发射强度分形维值出现较强的规律性,其值逐渐由大变小,试件破坏前的分形维值最小。由于实际应用中最小分形维值点(临界值点)难以确定,故提出将岩石破坏前声发射强度分形维值的持续降维作为岩石破坏的前兆特征,从而对利用声发射参数进行岩体稳定性现场监测预报提供理论依据、方法和手段。
Through the acoustic emission(AE) experiments in the process of rock failuret,he strength fractal model of acoustic emission in the process of rock failure is established.The AE fractal features of all stress levels in the whole rock failure and the changing rules of fractal value,which varies from time to time,are studied.The results show that,in the initial stage of loading,the AE fractal value of rock samples is unsteady.But from the viewpoint of the general changing trendt,he fractal value in this period still remains greater.In the middle and later staget,he fractal value has obvious regularity,changing from great to small.The fractal value reaches to the minimum at the critical point of sample failure.Since it is difficult to confirm the minimum fractal value(critical value) in practical application,it is found that the continually declining fractal value is the premonitory feature of rock failure.Consequently,it provides theoretical basis and means for in-situ rock mass monitoring and forecast by acoustic emission parameter.
Through the acoustic emission(AE) experiments in the process of rock failuret,he strength fractal model of acoustic emission in the process of rock failure is established.The AE fractal features of all stress levels in the whole rock failure and the changing rules of fractal value,which varies from time to time,are studied.The results show that,in the initial stage of loading,the AE fractal value of rock samples is unsteady.But from the viewpoint of the general changing trendt,he fractal value in this period still remains greater.In the middle and later staget,he fractal value has obvious regularity,changing from great to small.The fractal value reaches to the minimum at the critical point of sample failure.Since it is difficult to confirm the minimum fractal value(critical value) in practical application,it is found that the continually declining fractal value is the premonitory feature of rock failure.Consequently,it provides theoretical basis and means for in-situ rock mass monitoring and forecast by acoustic emission parameter.
引文
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[12]刘力强,马胜利,马瑾,等.不同结构岩石标本声发射b值和频谱的时间扫描及其物理意义[J].地震地质,2001,23(4):481–491.(Liu Liqiang,Ma Shengli,Ma Jin,et al.Temporal scanning ofb-value and spectrum of AE activity for samples with different texturesand their physical implications[J].Seismology and Geology,2001,23(4):481–491.(in Chinese))
[13]尹贤刚,李庶林,唐海燕,等.厂坝铅锌矿岩石力学性质研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2003,23(5):12–16.(Yin Xiangang,Li Shulin,Tang Haiyan,et al.Experimental studies on rock mechanic parametersand physical properties of Changba Lead Zinc Mine[J].MiningResearch and Development,2003,23(5):12–16.(in Chinese))
[2]勝山邦久.声发射(AE)技术的应用[M].冯夏庭译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1996.(Katsuyama K.Application of AE Techniques[M].Translated by Feng Xiating.Beijing:China Metallurgical Industry Press,1996.(in Chinese))
[3]李庶林,毛建华,桑玉发.基于岩体声发射参数的竖井围岩稳定性分析[J].中国有色金属学报,1998,8(增2):753–757.(Li Shulin,Mao Jianhua,Sang Yufa.Shaft wall rock stability analysis based on rock mass AE parameter[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,1998,8(Supp.2):753–757.(in Chinese))
[4]陈颙.声发射技术在岩石力学中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1977,20(4):312–322.(Chen Yong.Application of AE techniques to rock mechanics[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1977,20(4):312–322.(in Chinese))
[5]尹贤刚,李庶林.声发射技术在岩土工程中的应用[J].采矿技术,2002,2(4):39–42.(Yin Xiangang,Li Shulin.Application of AE techniques to geotechnical engineering[J].Mining Technology,2002,2(4):39–42.(in Chinese))
[6]Mansurov V A.Acoustic emission from failing rock behaviour[J].Rock Engineering,1994,27(3):173–182.
[7]吴刚,赵震洋.不同应力状态下岩石类材料破坏的声发射特性[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(2):82–85.(Wu Gang,Zhao Zhenyang.Acoustic emission character of rock materials failure during various stress states[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(2):82–85.(in Chinese))
[8]尹贤刚,李庶林,唐海燕,等.岩石破坏过程声发射特征研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2003,23(3):9–11.(Yin Xiangang,Li Shulin,Tang Haiyan,et al.Study on acoustic emission features in the processof rocks-destroying[J].Mining Research and Development,2003,23(3):9–11.(in Chinese))
[9]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2 499–2 503.(Li Shulin,Yin Xiangang,Wang Yongjia.Studies on acoustic emissioncharacteristics of uniaxial compressive rock failure[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2 499–2 503.(inChinese))
[10]秦四清,李造鼎,张倬元,等.岩石声发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993.(Qin Siqing,Li Zaoding,ZhangZhuoyuan,et al.Introduction to Conspectus of Acoustic Emission[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,1993.(in Chinese))
[11]谢和平.分形–岩石力学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.(XieHeping.Introduction to Fractal Rock Mechanics[M].Beijing:SciencePress,1996.(in Chinese)).
[12]刘力强,马胜利,马瑾,等.不同结构岩石标本声发射b值和频谱的时间扫描及其物理意义[J].地震地质,2001,23(4):481–491.(Liu Liqiang,Ma Shengli,Ma Jin,et al.Temporal scanning ofb-value and spectrum of AE activity for samples with different texturesand their physical implications[J].Seismology and Geology,2001,23(4):481–491.(in Chinese))
[13]尹贤刚,李庶林,唐海燕,等.厂坝铅锌矿岩石力学性质研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2003,23(5):12–16.(Yin Xiangang,Li Shulin,Tang Haiyan,et al.Experimental studies on rock mechanic parametersand physical properties of Changba Lead Zinc Mine[J].MiningResearch and Development,2003,23(5):12–16.(in Chinese))
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