瑞利波作用下隧道洞口段的抗震设防长度
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摘要
隧道洞口段是隧道抗震设计的薄弱部位,文章从瑞利波动方程出发,推导了洞口段地层在瑞利波作用下的峰值位移、峰值加速度和地层曲率的计算公式,并探讨了洞口段抗震设防长度。分析结果表明:在瑞利波作用下,地层位移、曲率和加速度随隧道埋深的增大而迅速减小,因此当洞口埋深达到一定程度后,地层对隧道的强加位移已很小,无需再设防;现行隧道设计规范规定的洞口段抗震设防长度偏短,应延长。最后,结合汶川地震隧道洞口段破坏长度,进行了分析验证,分析结论可供隧道抗震设计、灾后重建和今后有关规范修订参考。
Tunnel portals are the weak point in the seismic design of tunnels.Based on wave equations of Rayleigh waves,the calculation formula of displacment,acceleration and curvature of the ground are gained,and the seismic fortification length of tunnel portals are discussed.The results show that 1) the displacment,acceleration and curvature of the ground decreased rapidly as the burial depth increased under the Rayleigh wave action;2) seismic fortification length should be prolonged.In the end,seismic fortification length proposed for tunnel portal is verified by the damage of tunnel portals in the Wenchuan earthquake.The content in the paper may be as a reference to seismic design of tunnels,reconstruction of disarster areas and revision of corresponding codes and regulations.
Tunnel portals are the weak point in the seismic design of tunnels.Based on wave equations of Rayleigh waves,the calculation formula of displacment,acceleration and curvature of the ground are gained,and the seismic fortification length of tunnel portals are discussed.The results show that 1) the displacment,acceleration and curvature of the ground decreased rapidly as the burial depth increased under the Rayleigh wave action;2) seismic fortification length should be prolonged.In the end,seismic fortification length proposed for tunnel portal is verified by the damage of tunnel portals in the Wenchuan earthquake.The content in the paper may be as a reference to seismic design of tunnels,reconstruction of disarster areas and revision of corresponding codes and regulations.
引文
[1]Wang Zhengzheng,Gao Bo,Jiang Yuanjun,et al.Investigation and Assessment on Mountain Tunnels and Geotechnical Damageafter the Wenchuan Earthquake.Science in China(Series E):Technological Sciences,2009,52(2):546-558
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[3]王峥峥.跨断层隧道结构非线性地震损伤反应分析[D].西南交通大学,2009Wang Zhengzheng.Nonlinear Seismic Damage Response of Tunnel Structures across Faults[D].Southwest Jiaotong University,2009
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[8]张祉道.地震区隧道设计纲要[R].成都:四川省交通厅公路规划勘察设计研究院,2008Zhang Zhidao.Design Outlines of Tunnel in Seismic Region[R].Chengdu:Highway Planning Survey and Design Institute,SichuanCommunications Department,2008
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[11]中华人民共和国交通部部标准.公路工程抗震设计规范[M].北京:中国计划出版社,1989Ministerial Standard of The Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China.Code for Seismic Design of HighwayEngineering[M].Beijing:China Planning Press,1989
[12]李乔,赵世春.汶川大地震工程震害分析[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2008Li Qiao,Zhao Shichun.Analysis of Seismic Damage of Engineering Structures in Wenchuan Earthquake[M].Chengdu:SouthwestJiaotong University Press,2008
[2]王峥峥,高波,索然绪.双洞隧道洞口段抗减震振动台试验[J].中国公路学报,2009,22(2):71-76Wang Zhengzheng,Gao Bo,Suo Ranxu.Shaking Table Tests on Entrance Anti-seism of Double Track Tunnels[J].China Journalof Highway and Transport,2009,22(2):71-76
[3]王峥峥.跨断层隧道结构非线性地震损伤反应分析[D].西南交通大学,2009Wang Zhengzheng.Nonlinear Seismic Damage Response of Tunnel Structures across Faults[D].Southwest Jiaotong University,2009
[4]Hashash Youssef M.A.et al.Seismic Design and Analysis of Underground Structures[J].Tunnelling and Underground SpaceTechnology,2001,16:247-293
[5]Miller G.F.and Pursey H.On the Partition of Energy between Elastic Waves in a Semi-infinite Solid[J].Proc.Royal Society,London,1995,A,233:55-69
[6]H.H.福季耶娃(苏),徐显毅(译).地震区地下结构支护计算[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1986Н.Н.Фотиева(Russia),Xu Xianyi(Translate).Support Calculation of Underground Structure in Seismic Region[M].Beijing:ChinaCoal Industry Publishing House,1986
[7]西南交大,等.南昆铁路地震区研究报告[R].成都,1996Southwest Jiaotong University,et al.Research Report of Seismic Region on Nanning-Kunming Railway[R].Chengdu,1996
[8]张祉道.地震区隧道设计纲要[R].成都:四川省交通厅公路规划勘察设计研究院,2008Zhang Zhidao.Design Outlines of Tunnel in Seismic Region[R].Chengdu:Highway Planning Survey and Design Institute,SichuanCommunications Department,2008
[9]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006Hu Yuxian.Seismological Engineering[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2006
[10]中华人民共和国国家标准.铁路工程抗震设计规范[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2006National Standards of the People's Republic of China.Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering[M].Beijing:ChinaPlanning Press,2006
[11]中华人民共和国交通部部标准.公路工程抗震设计规范[M].北京:中国计划出版社,1989Ministerial Standard of The Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China.Code for Seismic Design of HighwayEngineering[M].Beijing:China Planning Press,1989
[12]李乔,赵世春.汶川大地震工程震害分析[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2008Li Qiao,Zhao Shichun.Analysis of Seismic Damage of Engineering Structures in Wenchuan Earthquake[M].Chengdu:SouthwestJiaotong University Press,2008
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