2001年昆仑山口西M_S 8.1地震前背景形变场的模拟研究
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摘要
文中以东昆仑断裂带周围分布的27个GPS站点的地壳运动速率矢量为约束,利用半无限弹性空间三维断裂位错模型,反演了东昆仑断裂、柴达木盆地北缘断裂、玛尼-玉树断裂和玛尔盖茶卡断裂带在2001年昆仑山口西MS8.1地震之前的运动速率,并认为这些断裂带以反演出的运动速率错动所形成的形变场可以作为震前的背景地壳形变场。基于这一具有构造意义的背景速度场资料,计算了区域地壳应变率场和地震矩累积率场。结果表明,昆仑山口西地震前,东昆仑断裂的东西大滩段和玛尼-玉树断裂西段为该区域2个最显著的地震矩累积率高值区,其中东昆仑断裂的东西大滩段高值区为后来的昆仑山口西MS8.1地震的发震段。
Using the GPS velocity data of 27 stations around the East Kunlun Fault as restraints,we first inversed the slip rates of the eastern Kunlun Fault,the northern margin fault of Qaidam Basin,the Mani-Yushu Fault and the Maergaichaka Fault before the MS 8.1 west Kunlun Mountains Pass earthquake with 3-D elastic half-space dislocation model.The deformation field calculated from these faults' slip movement can be considered as the background deformation field before the MS 8.1 Kunlun earthquake.Based on the tectonically meaningful data of the background deformation field,we calculated the strain field and seismic moment accumulation rate field.The results show that there are two obvious regions of high moment accumulation rates,one is just in the Xidatan-Dongdatan segment of East Kunlun Fault where the MS 8.1 earthquake happened in 2001.
Using the GPS velocity data of 27 stations around the East Kunlun Fault as restraints,we first inversed the slip rates of the eastern Kunlun Fault,the northern margin fault of Qaidam Basin,the Mani-Yushu Fault and the Maergaichaka Fault before the MS 8.1 west Kunlun Mountains Pass earthquake with 3-D elastic half-space dislocation model.The deformation field calculated from these faults' slip movement can be considered as the background deformation field before the MS 8.1 Kunlun earthquake.Based on the tectonically meaningful data of the background deformation field,we calculated the strain field and seismic moment accumulation rate field.The results show that there are two obvious regions of high moment accumulation rates,one is just in the Xidatan-Dongdatan segment of East Kunlun Fault where the MS 8.1 earthquake happened in 2001.
引文
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侯贺晟,江在森.2008.基于GPS观测的昆仑山8.1级地震微动态变形研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,28(3):9—13.HOU He-sheng,JIANG Zai-sen.2008.The research on micro-dynamic deformation of KunlunshanMS8.1earthquakebased on GPS survey[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,28(3):9—13(in Chinese).
姜波,徐凤银,彭德华,等.2004.柴达木盆地北缘断裂构造变形特征[J].中国矿业大学学报,33(6):687—692.JIANG Bo,XU Feng-yin,PENG De-hua,et al.2004.Deformation characteristics of fault structures on the northernfringe of Qaidam Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,33(6):687—692(in Chi-nese).
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任金卫,王敏.2005.GPS观测的2001年昆仑山口西MS8.1级地震地壳变形[J].第四纪研究,25(1):34—44.REN Jin-wei,WANG Min.2005.GPS measured crustal deformation of theMS8.1Kunlun earthquake on November14th2001in Qinghai-Xizang plateau[J].Quaternary Sciences,25(1):34—44(in Chinese).
任俊杰,陈虹.2004.东昆仑断裂带地震复发周期与发震概率研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,24(3):52—56.REN Jun-jie,CHEN Hong.2004.Research on recurrence interval and probability of medium and large earthquake atEastern Kunlun Fault zone[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,24(3):52—56(in Chinese).
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孙建宝,徐锡伟,石耀霖,等.2007.东昆仑断裂玛尼段震间形变场的INSAR观测及断层滑动率初步估计[J].自然科学进展,17(10):1361—1370.SUN Jian-bao,XU Xi-wei,SHI Yao-lin,et al.2007.The InSAR observation of interseismic deformation of the Manisection of the Eastern Kunlun Fault and preliminary estimate of the slip rate[J].Progress in Nature Science,17(10):1361—1370(in Chinese).
王敏,沈正康,牛之俊,等.2003.现今中国大陆地壳运动与活动块体模型[J].中国科学(D辑),33(增刊):21—33.WANG Min,SHEN Zheng-kang,NIU Zhi-jun,et al.2003.Contemporary crustal deformation of the Chinese continentand tectonic block model[J].Science in China(Ser D),46(Suppl):25—40.
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徐锡伟,陈文彬,于贵华,等.2002.2001年11月14日昆仑山库赛湖地震(MS8.1)地表破裂带的基本特征[J].地震地质,24(1):1—17.XU Xi-wei,CHEN Wen-bin,YU Gui-hua,et al.2002.Characteristic features of the Hoh Sai Hu(Kunlunshan)earth-quake(M8.1),northern Tibetan plateau,China[J].Seismology and Geology,24(1):1—17(in Chinese).
S徐锡伟,于贵华,陈桂华,等.2007.青藏高原北部大型走滑断裂带近地表地质变形带特征分析[J].地震地质,29(2):201—217.XUXi-wei,YU Gui-hua,CHEN Gui-hua,et al.2007.Near-surface character of permanent geologic deformation acrossthe large-scale strike-slip faults in the northern Tibetan plateau[J].Seismology and Geology,29(2):201—217(in Chinese).
杨少敏,游新兆,杜瑞林,等.2002.用双三次样条函数和GPS资料反演现今中国大陆构造形变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,22(1):68—75.YANG Shao-min,YOU Xin-zhao,DURui-lin,et al.2002.Contemporary horizontal tectonic deformation fields in Chinainversed from GPS observations[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,22(1):68—75(in Chinese).
赵俐红,姜效典,金煜,等.2004.中国西部大陆岩石圈的有效弹性厚度研究[J].地球科学,29(2):183—190.ZHAO Li-hong,JIANG Xiao-dian,JIN Yu,et al.2004.Effective elastic thickness of continental lithosphere in westernChina[J].Earth Science,29(2):183—190(in Chinese).
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