基于目标函数的地表一致性反褶积方法
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摘要
常规的地表一致性处理方法是在得到各个地震道的炮点分量和检波点分量之后,计算两个分量褶积的预测反褶积算子,将该算子作用在各自的地震道上,由此消除激发和接收因素对地震子波的影响。当激发和接收因素变化较大时,由于没有明确的目标函数,其应用效果不甚理想。为此,在利用常规方法实现地震道分解之后,赋予每个地震道相同的目标函数。然后,以炮点分量和检波点分量的褶积为输入函数,利用维纳滤波算子对每个地震道进行地表一致性反褶积处理。实验结果表明,该方法较好地消除了不同地震道之间激发和接收因素的差异,地震子波的一致性得到改善。
The conventional surface-consistent method calculated the prediction deconvolution operators of two component convolutions after seismic traces were decomposed into the components of shot and receiver and,applied to corresponding seismic traces to remove the effects of shooting and receiving factors on wavelets.When the traces were much different in the shooting and receiving factors,the application result was less satisfied due to the lack of definite objective function.Therefore,after the seismic traces were decomposed by conventional method,the same objective function was defined for each trace.Then,the Wiener filtering operator was estimated with the convolutions of shot component and receiver component as input function,and applied to each trace for surface-consistent deconvolution processing.The experimental results indicated that the method could remove much difference of shooting and receiving factors among seismic traces,and the consistency of seismic wavelets was improved.
The conventional surface-consistent method calculated the prediction deconvolution operators of two component convolutions after seismic traces were decomposed into the components of shot and receiver and,applied to corresponding seismic traces to remove the effects of shooting and receiving factors on wavelets.When the traces were much different in the shooting and receiving factors,the application result was less satisfied due to the lack of definite objective function.Therefore,after the seismic traces were decomposed by conventional method,the same objective function was defined for each trace.Then,the Wiener filtering operator was estimated with the convolutions of shot component and receiver component as input function,and applied to each trace for surface-consistent deconvolution processing.The experimental results indicated that the method could remove much difference of shooting and receiving factors among seismic traces,and the consistency of seismic wavelets was improved.
引文
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[3]罗焕章,季玉新,王秀玲,等.转换横波合成记录制作方法[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,34(1):37-40,45.LUO Huanzhang,JI Yuxin,WANG Xiuling,et al.Making P-SV shear wave synthetic seismic record[J].Journal of ChinaUniversity of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2010,34(1):37-40,45.
[4]凌云研究组.叠前相对保持振幅、频率、相位和波形的地震资料处理与评价研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):543-552.LING Yun Research Group.Study of seismic data processing and appreciation based on prestack relative preservation ofamplitude,frequency,phase and waveform[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(5):543-552.
[5]仲伯军,印兴耀.复杂地区三维地震资料拼接中的一致性处理技术[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):393-397.ZHONG Bojun,YIN Xingyao.Consistent processing technology for splicing 3-D seismic data in complex area[J].Geophysi-cal Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(4):393-397.
[6]陈志卿,张兰.子波一致性校正方法在地震资料处理中的应用:以伊朗Kashan区块为例[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):169-172.CHEN Zhiqing,ZHANG Lan.Application of a wavelet coherence method data processing:For Iran Kashan block as anexample[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2):169-172.
[7]郭树祥,李建明,毕立飞,等.频率域地表一致性反褶积方法及应用效果分析[J].石油物探,2003,42(1):97-101.GUO Shuxiang,LI Jianming,BI Lifei,et al.Frequency domain surface-consistent deconvolution and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(1):97-101.
[8]TANER M T,KOEHLER F.Surface consistent correction[J].Geophysics,1981,46(1):17-22.
[9]牟永光,陈小宏,李国发,等.地震数据处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.
[10]LEVIN S A.Surface-consistent deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1989,54(9):1123-1133.
[11]VOSSEN R V,CURTIS A,LAAKE A,et al.Surface-consistent deconvolution using reciprocity and waveform inversion[J].Geophysics,2006,71(2):V19-V30.
[12]CAMBOIS G,STOFFA P L.Surface-consistent deconvolution in the log/Fourier domain[J].Geophysics,1992,57(6):823-840.
[13]CARY P W,LORENTZ G A.Four-component surface-consistent deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1993,58(3):383-392.
[14]李生杰,施行觉,郑鸿明,等.复杂地表条件反射振幅一致性校正[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):862-869.LI Shengjie,SHI Xingjue,ZHEN Hongming,et al.The consistent correction of seismic amplitude in complicated surfacearea[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2002,45(6):862-869.
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