一种任意界面的逐段迭代射线追踪方法
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摘要
本文根据同一条射线路径上满足相同射线参数的原理，首先采用一个适合于任意界面情况下计算反（折）射点的一阶近似公式，从任意给定的初始路径出发进行逐段迭代计算，求出界面上的反（折）射点。然后以求出的射线路径为基础，按上述方法逐段求取下一界面的反（折）射点，直到终点得到整条射线为止。当整条射线路径上的界面反（折）射点的修正值达到精度要求时，则认为射线追踪结束。通过模型计算表明，本方法的计算速度比“打靶法”提高了一个数量级，其精度可以根据需要来确定。本方法无射线盲区，为任意界面的地震层析成像提供了一种准确、快速的方法。
The method involves the following steps:. One-order approximate formula that is suitable to obtaining reflection (re-fraction)points on any interface is taken according to the principle that a whole raypath satisfies same ray parameter.. Segmentally-iteratlve operation, starting from any given initial ray path, isdone to obtain reflaction (refraction) Points on interface-. On the basis of known ray path, reflection (refraction) points on the nextinterface segment are determined in the same way until we get to a whole ray-. Ray tracing terminates when the revision values of reflection (refraction)points relating to a whole ray meet the accuracy requirements.Modeling computation shows that the method, whose accuracy varies withuser's need, brings much faster operation than "target" method. The method,without ray blind area, can achieve accurate and fast seismic tomographic imagesfor any interface.
The method involves the following steps:. One-order approximate formula that is suitable to obtaining reflection (re-fraction)points on any interface is taken according to the principle that a whole raypath satisfies same ray parameter.. Segmentally-iteratlve operation, starting from any given initial ray path, isdone to obtain reflaction (refraction) Points on interface-. On the basis of known ray path, reflection (refraction) points on the nextinterface segment are determined in the same way until we get to a whole ray-. Ray tracing terminates when the revision values of reflection (refraction)points relating to a whole ray meet the accuracy requirements.Modeling computation shows that the method, whose accuracy varies withuser's need, brings much faster operation than "target" method. The method,without ray blind area, can achieve accurate and fast seismic tomographic imagesfor any interface.
引文
1杨文采,李幼铭.应用地震层析成像,地质出版社,1993
2刘家琦.走时地震层析成像的方法技术.应用地震层析成像,地质出版社,1993,36～69
3Farra V· Ray tracing in complex media.J Appl Geophys, 1993, 30(1): 55～ 73
4Um J,Thurber C H.A fast algorithm for two-point seismic ray tracing.Bull Seis Soc Am, 1987,77:972～986
5Nolet G 主编,冯锐,郝锦绮译.地震层析技术,地质出版社,1991
6朱介寿等.任意介质中的射线追踪方法。地震学中的计算方法,地震出版社,1988,603～630
7黄联捷,李幼铭,吴如山.用于图像重建的波前法射线追踪.地球物理学报,1992,35(2):223～233
8刘洪,孟凡林,李幼铭.计算最小走时和射线路径的界面网全局方法.地球物理学报,1995,38(6):823～832
9张霖斌,刘迎曦,赵振峰等.有限差分法射线追踪.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(6):673～677、684
10高尔根,徐果明.二维速度随机分布逐步迭代射线追踪方法.地球物理学报,1996,39(增刊):302～307
11Vidale J E. Finite dlfference Calculation of traveltimes in three dimensions. Geophysics, 1990, 55(5): 521～526
12Satio H.以 Huygens原理为依据的三维射线追踪法.美国勘探地球物理学家学会第 60届年会论文集,石油工业出版社,1991,884～885
13Moser T.Shortest path calculation of seismic ray. Geophysics,1991,56(1 ):59～67
14Dines K A,Lytle R J.Computerized geophysical tomography.Proc IEEE,1979,67:1065～1073
15Stork C,ClaytonR W.Case study of traveltime tomography applied to data sets containing lateral veloci-ty variations.Abstracts of SEG 56th Mtg,1986,550～553
16尹峰,顾本立,李幼铭.二维速度走时反演及波动方程反演成像的研究.勘探地球物理北京(89)国际讨论会论文摘要,1989,270～273
17Bipshop T N et al.Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media.Geo-physics,1985,50(6):903～923
18Peterson J E,Paulsson B N P,McEvilly T V.Applications of a algebraic reconstruction techniques toCrosshole seismic data. Geophysics,1985,50(10):1566~1580
19Liu Hong, Meng Fanlln, Li Youming. Regularization of nonlinear traveltime inversion by interface gridrag-tracing scheme.Abstracts of SEG 63th Mtg,1993,620～623
20Ivansson S.A study of methods for tomographic velocity estimation in the presence of low-velocityzones.Geophysics,1985,50(6):969、988
21Ivansson S.Seismic borehole tomography theory and computational methods.Proc IEEE,1986,74:328～338
2刘家琦.走时地震层析成像的方法技术.应用地震层析成像,地质出版社,1993,36～69
3Farra V· Ray tracing in complex media.J Appl Geophys, 1993, 30(1): 55～ 73
4Um J,Thurber C H.A fast algorithm for two-point seismic ray tracing.Bull Seis Soc Am, 1987,77:972～986
5Nolet G 主编,冯锐,郝锦绮译.地震层析技术,地质出版社,1991
6朱介寿等.任意介质中的射线追踪方法。地震学中的计算方法,地震出版社,1988,603～630
7黄联捷,李幼铭,吴如山.用于图像重建的波前法射线追踪.地球物理学报,1992,35(2):223～233
8刘洪,孟凡林,李幼铭.计算最小走时和射线路径的界面网全局方法.地球物理学报,1995,38(6):823～832
9张霖斌,刘迎曦,赵振峰等.有限差分法射线追踪.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(6):673～677、684
10高尔根,徐果明.二维速度随机分布逐步迭代射线追踪方法.地球物理学报,1996,39(增刊):302～307
11Vidale J E. Finite dlfference Calculation of traveltimes in three dimensions. Geophysics, 1990, 55(5): 521～526
12Satio H.以 Huygens原理为依据的三维射线追踪法.美国勘探地球物理学家学会第 60届年会论文集,石油工业出版社,1991,884～885
13Moser T.Shortest path calculation of seismic ray. Geophysics,1991,56(1 ):59～67
14Dines K A,Lytle R J.Computerized geophysical tomography.Proc IEEE,1979,67:1065～1073
15Stork C,ClaytonR W.Case study of traveltime tomography applied to data sets containing lateral veloci-ty variations.Abstracts of SEG 56th Mtg,1986,550～553
16尹峰,顾本立,李幼铭.二维速度走时反演及波动方程反演成像的研究.勘探地球物理北京(89)国际讨论会论文摘要,1989,270～273
17Bipshop T N et al.Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media.Geo-physics,1985,50(6):903～923
18Peterson J E,Paulsson B N P,McEvilly T V.Applications of a algebraic reconstruction techniques toCrosshole seismic data. Geophysics,1985,50(10):1566~1580
19Liu Hong, Meng Fanlln, Li Youming. Regularization of nonlinear traveltime inversion by interface gridrag-tracing scheme.Abstracts of SEG 63th Mtg,1993,620～623
20Ivansson S.A study of methods for tomographic velocity estimation in the presence of low-velocityzones.Geophysics,1985,50(6):969、988
21Ivansson S.Seismic borehole tomography theory and computational methods.Proc IEEE,1986,74:328～338
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