GIS与GPS管道特征定位应用
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摘要
输送石油和天然气的管道多埋在地下,免于受地面上人、动物的破坏。地下管道特征的定位,如焊缝、阀门、缺陷、异常等,传统方法主要采用扯皮尺和PCM探测,这种方法受地形和建筑设施的影响很大,如果地面参照物破坏,找到特征比较费时,准确性差。目前的GIS和GPS技术,可避免这些缺点,通过GIS将各种管道数据整合到一起,获取管道特征的真实地理坐标,再采用GPS直接放样特征,不但误差小,效率高,而且整合后的管道数据集,便于管道运营者查看管道同一位置发生的事件,分析管道潜在的威胁,评价管道的完整性,提高在决策制定过程中数据的价值。
Underground pipelines are widely used in Oil&Gas industries,allowing Oil&Gas to be transported from one place to another without being disturbed by people,animals,or other nature activities.But for locating pipeline characters,such as weld,valve,defect,anomaly and so on.The traditional method adopts tape measurement and PCM detecting,which suffered from terrain and building facilities,and be inefficient.The GIS and GPS technology,can avoid the problems.Using GIS can spatially align pipeline datasets not only relative to each other,but also to "real world" locations.Using GPS locates pipeline characters directly with absolute coordinates,which is efficient and high precision.Also integrated pipeline datasets,can be used by pipeline operators to observe coincident events and to analyze comprehensively the threats to a pipeline's integrity,improving the value of the data in decision-making processes.
Underground pipelines are widely used in Oil&Gas industries,allowing Oil&Gas to be transported from one place to another without being disturbed by people,animals,or other nature activities.But for locating pipeline characters,such as weld,valve,defect,anomaly and so on.The traditional method adopts tape measurement and PCM detecting,which suffered from terrain and building facilities,and be inefficient.The GIS and GPS technology,can avoid the problems.Using GIS can spatially align pipeline datasets not only relative to each other,but also to "real world" locations.Using GPS locates pipeline characters directly with absolute coordinates,which is efficient and high precision.Also integrated pipeline datasets,can be used by pipeline operators to observe coincident events and to analyze comprehensively the threats to a pipeline's integrity,improving the value of the data in decision-making processes.
引文
[1]Richard D.Turley,Debra S.Feigert,Donald J.Stechschul-te,et al.Pipeline integrity management process:US,7263465[P].2007-08-27.
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[3]邬伦,刘瑜,张晶,等.地理信息系统——原理、方法和应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[4]冯庆善,陈键峰,艾慕阳,等.管道完整性管理在应对地震灾害中的应用[J].北京:石油学报,2010,31(1):139-143.
[5]Alan Tuck,Gary Brayson,Mario B.Ignagni,et al.Methodand apparatus for determining location of characteristics of apipeline:US,6243657[P].2001-06-05.
[6]Bruce Robin Dupuis,Michael John Webb.Spatial integra-tion of pipeline datasets:US,6889888[P].2005-03-10.
[7]Maria Petrou,Andy J.Fraser,Brian Hewitt,et al.Mappingsystem for the integration and graphical display of pipelineinformation that enables automated pipeline surveillance:US,6243483[P].2001-06-05.
[8]赵英时.遥感应用分析原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[2]李征航,黄劲松.GPS测量与数据处理[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2005.
[3]邬伦,刘瑜,张晶,等.地理信息系统——原理、方法和应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[4]冯庆善,陈键峰,艾慕阳,等.管道完整性管理在应对地震灾害中的应用[J].北京:石油学报,2010,31(1):139-143.
[5]Alan Tuck,Gary Brayson,Mario B.Ignagni,et al.Methodand apparatus for determining location of characteristics of apipeline:US,6243657[P].2001-06-05.
[6]Bruce Robin Dupuis,Michael John Webb.Spatial integra-tion of pipeline datasets:US,6889888[P].2005-03-10.
[7]Maria Petrou,Andy J.Fraser,Brian Hewitt,et al.Mappingsystem for the integration and graphical display of pipelineinformation that enables automated pipeline surveillance:US,6243483[P].2001-06-05.
[8]赵英时.遥感应用分析原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
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