预应力钢筋混凝土风力发电塔架的地震响应分析
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摘要
随着风力发电机向海上风力发电和单机大容量的趋势发展,预应力钢筋混凝土塔架将有更广阔的前景.为此,以功率2 MW的大型风力发电塔架为例,参考日本土木学会的风力发电塔架结构设计指南,提出了一种预应力钢筋混凝土塔架的设计方案,建立了结构计算模型,对其动力性能进行了研究,并做了地震响应分析.采用EL Centro实测地震波,对预应力钢筋混凝土塔架结构的有限元模型进行了仿真计算,并将时程分析结果与按设计指南提出的地震反应谱方法得出的设计值进行了比较分析;讨论了安全检查用工作洞口的设置对塔架结构抗震性能的影响;研究了不同的地震波入射角时塔架结构的地震响应,对该结构的抗震性能进行了详细的分析.结果表明,所提出的预应力钢筋混凝土结构形式不仅可以避免由叶轮脉动激励的共振响应,且具有较好的抗震性能,工作洞口的设置并不影响其抗震性能.研究结果将为预应力钢筋混凝土塔架的设计提供重要的理论依据.
With the development of offshore wind farm and large-capacity wind turbine,prestressed reinforced con-crete tower will have a wide prospect.Based on the guidelines on the design of wind-turbine compiled by Japan Soci-ety of Civil Engineers,the design proposed of pre-stressed reinforced concrete tower was put forward and its calcula-tion model was established in the paper.Moreover,the investigation of dynamic behavior and the seismic response analysis of a pre-stressed reinforced concrete tower for a 2 MW wind-turbine were presented.Comparative analysis of the time-history value obtained through simulation calculation using actual measured EL Centro,and the design value obtained by the method of seismic response spectrum presented in the guidelines was carried out.Subsequently,research on seismic behavior of setting up working hole for security inspection was discussed.The seismic response to different-direction earthquake input was studied,and the detailed analysis of seismic behavior was then made.Results indicated that the structure form of pre-stressed reinforced concrete tower could avoid excitation of resonant oscilla-tions resulting from rotor thrust fluctuations,and had a relatively good anti-seismic performance as well.Besides,setting up working hole had no effect on seismic behavior.Some useful conclusions in this thesis would provide a theoretical basis for the design of the pre-stressed reinforced concrete tower.
With the development of offshore wind farm and large-capacity wind turbine,prestressed reinforced con-crete tower will have a wide prospect.Based on the guidelines on the design of wind-turbine compiled by Japan Soci-ety of Civil Engineers,the design proposed of pre-stressed reinforced concrete tower was put forward and its calcula-tion model was established in the paper.Moreover,the investigation of dynamic behavior and the seismic response analysis of a pre-stressed reinforced concrete tower for a 2 MW wind-turbine were presented.Comparative analysis of the time-history value obtained through simulation calculation using actual measured EL Centro,and the design value obtained by the method of seismic response spectrum presented in the guidelines was carried out.Subsequently,research on seismic behavior of setting up working hole for security inspection was discussed.The seismic response to different-direction earthquake input was studied,and the detailed analysis of seismic behavior was then made.Results indicated that the structure form of pre-stressed reinforced concrete tower could avoid excitation of resonant oscilla-tions resulting from rotor thrust fluctuations,and had a relatively good anti-seismic performance as well.Besides,setting up working hole had no effect on seismic behavior.Some useful conclusions in this thesis would provide a theoretical basis for the design of the pre-stressed reinforced concrete tower.
引文
[1]宫靖远.风电场工程技术手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.Gong Jingyuan.Technical Handbook of Wind Farm[M].Beijing:China Machine Press2,004(in Chinese).
[2]Singh A N.Concrete construction for wind energy tow-ers[J].The Indian Concrete Journal2,0078,14:3-49.
[3]Reinhard Harte,Gideon P A G,Van Zijl.Structural stabil-ity of concrete wind turbines and solar chimney towers exposed to dynamic wind action[J].Journal of Wind En-gineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2007,95:1079-1096.
[4]Bazeos N,Hatzigeorgiou G D,Hondros I De,t al.Static,seismic and stability analyses of a prototype wind turbine steel tower[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24:1015-1025.
[5]Lavassas I,Nikolaidis G,Zervas Pe,t al.Analysis and design of the prototype of a steel 1-MW wind turbine tower[J].Engineering Structures2,0032,51:097-1106.
[6]李长风.风力发电结构动力反应的一体化有限元模型分析[J].特种结构2,0082,5(2):17-19.Li Changfeng.Integrated finite element model analysis of seismic response for wind turbine structure[J].Special Structures,2008,25(2)1:7-19(in Chinese).
[7]Witcher D.Seismic analysis of wind turbines in the time domain[J].Wind Energy2,0058,:81-91.
[8]谢峰,赵吉文,沈维蕾,等.600 kW风力机塔架结构的仿真设计[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(1):70-72,90.Xie Feng,Zhao Jiwen,Shen Weileie,t al.Simulating de-sign of the tower structure for 600 kW-wind turbine[J].Journal of System Simulation2,0041,6(1):70-72,90(in Chinese).
[9]沈聚敏.抗震工程学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.Shen Jumin.Aseismic Engineering[M].Beijing:China Architectural Industry Press2,004(in Chinese).
[10]Japan Society of Civil Engineers.Guidelines for Design of Wind Turbine Support Structures and Foundations[S].Tokyo,2007.
[2]Singh A N.Concrete construction for wind energy tow-ers[J].The Indian Concrete Journal2,0078,14:3-49.
[3]Reinhard Harte,Gideon P A G,Van Zijl.Structural stabil-ity of concrete wind turbines and solar chimney towers exposed to dynamic wind action[J].Journal of Wind En-gineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2007,95:1079-1096.
[4]Bazeos N,Hatzigeorgiou G D,Hondros I De,t al.Static,seismic and stability analyses of a prototype wind turbine steel tower[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24:1015-1025.
[5]Lavassas I,Nikolaidis G,Zervas Pe,t al.Analysis and design of the prototype of a steel 1-MW wind turbine tower[J].Engineering Structures2,0032,51:097-1106.
[6]李长风.风力发电结构动力反应的一体化有限元模型分析[J].特种结构2,0082,5(2):17-19.Li Changfeng.Integrated finite element model analysis of seismic response for wind turbine structure[J].Special Structures,2008,25(2)1:7-19(in Chinese).
[7]Witcher D.Seismic analysis of wind turbines in the time domain[J].Wind Energy2,0058,:81-91.
[8]谢峰,赵吉文,沈维蕾,等.600 kW风力机塔架结构的仿真设计[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(1):70-72,90.Xie Feng,Zhao Jiwen,Shen Weileie,t al.Simulating de-sign of the tower structure for 600 kW-wind turbine[J].Journal of System Simulation2,0041,6(1):70-72,90(in Chinese).
[9]沈聚敏.抗震工程学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.Shen Jumin.Aseismic Engineering[M].Beijing:China Architectural Industry Press2,004(in Chinese).
[10]Japan Society of Civil Engineers.Guidelines for Design of Wind Turbine Support Structures and Foundations[S].Tokyo,2007.
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