深水崎岖海底地震数据成像方法与应用
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摘要
本文针对深水崎岖海底地震数据深部成像困难的问题,讨论了波动方程叠前深度域保幅偏移的基本理论,利用数值模型验证了波动方程叠前深度域保幅偏移算法的保持振幅特性,给出了该方法与非保幅偏移方法对于复杂构造成像精度的对比,证明了保幅偏移方法可以提高复杂构造的成像精度.本文还将波动方程叠前深度域保幅偏移算法应用到实际资料的处理中,处理结果表明该方法能够有效消除崎岖海底对深部地层的影响.
This research aims at attacking the difficulty to image with the seismic data from the irregular deep water bottom. The basic theory of the true amplitude common-shot prestack wave equation migration is discussed. Numerical experiments demonstrate the robustness of amplitude preserving characteristics with true amplitude prestack wave equation migration. This method can increase the resolution of imaging in complex media, in contrast to non-true amplitude migration, demonstrating its effectiveness. Using real data from a seismic exploration, the method is tested with an attempt to handle the difficulty of making images in the irregular deep water bottom, and it is proved that the true amplitude migration can remove the imaging artifacts caused by irregular deep water bottom.
This research aims at attacking the difficulty to image with the seismic data from the irregular deep water bottom. The basic theory of the true amplitude common-shot prestack wave equation migration is discussed. Numerical experiments demonstrate the robustness of amplitude preserving characteristics with true amplitude prestack wave equation migration. This method can increase the resolution of imaging in complex media, in contrast to non-true amplitude migration, demonstrating its effectiveness. Using real data from a seismic exploration, the method is tested with an attempt to handle the difficulty of making images in the irregular deep water bottom, and it is proved that the true amplitude migration can remove the imaging artifacts caused by irregular deep water bottom.
引文
[1]Berryhill J R.Wave-equation datuming.Geophysics,1979,44(8):1329~1344
[2]Chang Xu,Ashida Yuzuru,Sassa Koichi.Errors in downward continuation andits correctionin migration using a moving coordinate transform.BUTSURI-TANSA,1990,43(5):319~329
[3]Claerbout J.Processing and Inversion.Blackwell Publ.,DF.1992
[4]Bevc D.Flooding the topography:Wave-equation datuming of landdata withrugged acquisitiontopography.Geophysics,1997,62(5):1558~1569
[5]Schleicher J,Tygel M,Hubral P.3D true-amplitude finite-offset migration.Geophysics,1993,58:1112~1126
[6]刘伊克,常旭,卢孟夏等.目标函数叠前保幅偏移方法与应用.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1150~1154Liu Y K,Chang X,Lu M X,et al.Objective function prestack amplitude preserving migration and its application.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1150~1154
[7]Chavent G,Plessix R.An optimal true-amplitude least-squares prestack depth-migration operator.Geophysics,1999,64(2),508~515
[8]Zhang Y,Zhang G,Bleistein N.Theory of true amplitude one-way wave equations and true amplitude common-shot migration.73rd Ann.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,2003,25~928
[9]Zhang Y,Zhang G,Bleistein N.Theory of true amplitude one-way wave equations and true amplitude common-shot migration.Geophysics,2005,70(3):E110
[10]Zhang G.Systemof coupled equations for up-going and down-going waves.Acta Math.Appl.Sinica,1993,16(2):251~263
[11]张宇.振幅保真的单程波方程偏移理论.地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1410~1430Zhang Y.The theory of true amplitude one-way wave equation migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(5):1410~1430
[12]崔兴福,张关泉,吴雅丽.三维非均匀介质中真振幅地震偏移算子研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(3):509~513Cui X F,Zhang G Q,Wu Y L.True amplitude seismic migration operator in3-D heterogeneous medium.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(3):509~513
[13]Stephen MK,Ren J.Key elements in the recovery of relative amplitudesfor prestack,shot record migration.The Leading Edge,2004,882~886
[14]Cerveny V,Molotkov I A,Psencik I.Ray Method in Seismology.Iniverzita Karlova,Praha.1977
[2]Chang Xu,Ashida Yuzuru,Sassa Koichi.Errors in downward continuation andits correctionin migration using a moving coordinate transform.BUTSURI-TANSA,1990,43(5):319~329
[3]Claerbout J.Processing and Inversion.Blackwell Publ.,DF.1992
[4]Bevc D.Flooding the topography:Wave-equation datuming of landdata withrugged acquisitiontopography.Geophysics,1997,62(5):1558~1569
[5]Schleicher J,Tygel M,Hubral P.3D true-amplitude finite-offset migration.Geophysics,1993,58:1112~1126
[6]刘伊克,常旭,卢孟夏等.目标函数叠前保幅偏移方法与应用.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1150~1154Liu Y K,Chang X,Lu M X,et al.Objective function prestack amplitude preserving migration and its application.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1150~1154
[7]Chavent G,Plessix R.An optimal true-amplitude least-squares prestack depth-migration operator.Geophysics,1999,64(2),508~515
[8]Zhang Y,Zhang G,Bleistein N.Theory of true amplitude one-way wave equations and true amplitude common-shot migration.73rd Ann.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,2003,25~928
[9]Zhang Y,Zhang G,Bleistein N.Theory of true amplitude one-way wave equations and true amplitude common-shot migration.Geophysics,2005,70(3):E110
[10]Zhang G.Systemof coupled equations for up-going and down-going waves.Acta Math.Appl.Sinica,1993,16(2):251~263
[11]张宇.振幅保真的单程波方程偏移理论.地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1410~1430Zhang Y.The theory of true amplitude one-way wave equation migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(5):1410~1430
[12]崔兴福,张关泉,吴雅丽.三维非均匀介质中真振幅地震偏移算子研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(3):509~513Cui X F,Zhang G Q,Wu Y L.True amplitude seismic migration operator in3-D heterogeneous medium.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(3):509~513
[13]Stephen MK,Ren J.Key elements in the recovery of relative amplitudesfor prestack,shot record migration.The Leading Edge,2004,882~886
[14]Cerveny V,Molotkov I A,Psencik I.Ray Method in Seismology.Iniverzita Karlova,Praha.1977
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