提高深层分辨率的地震勘探方法——以塔里木盆地为例
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摘要
创新性地采用深井观测方式，对多种药型药量炸药激发的地震子波信号进行了观测，并做了大量的定性、定量分析，对地震波能量与药量的关系进行了直接的计算分析，对低降速带及高速层的衰减规律做了探索性研究。以此为基础，应用新的、基于单个薄层为基本单元的反射、透射系数谱理论以及面向地质背景的合成方法制作并分析了模型记录，通过对不同的子波进行综合评价，确定了最佳的激发药型和药量，加上室内大量深入的设计论证，采用了最大限度的接收参数。这种方法在塔里木盆地的实际应用取得了明显效果。
： Deep－well survey method is first applied to observe the seismic wavelet signals energized by multi－type explosives and charges． The paper made a great deal of quantitative and qualitative analysis and directly calculated correlation between the energy of seismic waves and amount of charges while carrying out some investigation upon the law of attenuation in low subweathered zone and high－velocity zone． On such basis， the new reflection and transmission coefficient spectrum theory based on the fundamental unit of a single individual thin layer and synthetic method with regard to geological settings were applied to make and analyze record of the model． The optimum energized powder－type and content were determined， in addition to a great deal of in－depth argumentation over the design， which applied maximum receiving parameters． Significant effect has been achieved using this approach in the Practical application in Tarim basin．
： Deep－well survey method is first applied to observe the seismic wavelet signals energized by multi－type explosives and charges． The paper made a great deal of quantitative and qualitative analysis and directly calculated correlation between the energy of seismic waves and amount of charges while carrying out some investigation upon the law of attenuation in low subweathered zone and high－velocity zone． On such basis， the new reflection and transmission coefficient spectrum theory based on the fundamental unit of a single individual thin layer and synthetic method with regard to geological settings were applied to make and analyze record of the model． The optimum energized powder－type and content were determined， in addition to a great deal of in－depth argumentation over the design， which applied maximum receiving parameters． Significant effect has been achieved using this approach in the Practical application in Tarim basin．
引文
[1] 肖建华,等. 关于点爆炸震源产生的地震子波[J].石油地 球物理勘探,1997,32(6):809-817.
[2] 汪恩华. 适用于层状介质AVO分析的反射系数谱公式及 模型计算[J]. 石油地球物理勘探,1991,26(4):424-436.
[2] 汪恩华. 适用于层状介质AVO分析的反射系数谱公式及 模型计算[J]. 石油地球物理勘探,1991,26(4):424-436.
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