子波替换技术及应用效果分析
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摘要
理想的反褶积处理是对地震信号进行谱白化,使其回归理论脉冲状态。实际处理中,由于受到客观条件的限制,反褶积过程变成了压缩地震子波的过程,以此来提高纵向分辨率,但并没有改变子波的相位特性。以常规褶积算法为基础,在借助信号自相关Toeplitz矩阵求得反褶积因子前提下,提出了子波替换反褶积算法。该算法由给定的理想子波构造替换矩阵,在进行信号反褶积过程中进行子波替换,达到改变子波频率及相位特征的目的,在不增加额外噪声的情况下使信号的纵向分辨率达到最理想的状态。此外,在求取反褶积因子过程中结合了相位处理技术,从而打破了常规反褶积中最小相位假设的限制,真正意义上实现了任意信号的盲反褶积处理。
For ideal deconvolution,spectrum whitening should be carried out on seismic signal to make it returning theoretical impulse condi- tion.In actual processing,due to the restraints of objective condi- tions,deconvolution changes into the compression of seismic wave- let to improve the vertical resolution,but does not change the phase properties of wavelet.Based on the conventional algorithm, after obtaining deconvolution factor by signal self-relevant Zoeplitz matrix,the wavelet replacement deconvolution algorithm was pro- posed.Through establishing replacement matrix with the given i- deal wavelet,we perform this algorithm for wave replacement dur- ing signal deconvolution to change the frequency and phase charac- teristics of wavelet and to make the vertical resolution reach opti mal situation without increasing extra noise.Moreover,the phase processing technology was applied during computing deconvolution factor,which is no longer necessary to assume minimum phase in conventional deconvolution,without the restraint of phase during computing deconvolution factor,the blind deconvolution for any signal can be genuinely realized.
For ideal deconvolution,spectrum whitening should be carried out on seismic signal to make it returning theoretical impulse condi- tion.In actual processing,due to the restraints of objective condi- tions,deconvolution changes into the compression of seismic wave- let to improve the vertical resolution,but does not change the phase properties of wavelet.Based on the conventional algorithm, after obtaining deconvolution factor by signal self-relevant Zoeplitz matrix,the wavelet replacement deconvolution algorithm was pro- posed.Through establishing replacement matrix with the given i- deal wavelet,we perform this algorithm for wave replacement dur- ing signal deconvolution to change the frequency and phase charac- teristics of wavelet and to make the vertical resolution reach opti mal situation without increasing extra noise.Moreover,the phase processing technology was applied during computing deconvolution factor,which is no longer necessary to assume minimum phase in conventional deconvolution,without the restraint of phase during computing deconvolution factor,the blind deconvolution for any signal can be genuinely realized.
引文
1黄绪德．反褶积与地震道反演[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1992．1～313
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8 Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Nonliner one-dimensional seismic waveform inversion using simulated annealing[J].Geo- physics,1991,56(10):1624～1638
9李大卫，田继东，成竹，等．基于高阶统计的混合相位子波估计及其处理[J]．勘探地球物理进展，2005，28(2)：117～121
10唐斌，尹成．基于高阶统计的非最小相位地震子波恢复[J]．地球物理学报，2001，44(3)：404～410
2王大兴，雷晓，潘存焕，等．分形反褶积方法研究及应用[J]．石油物探，1996，35(4)：1～10
3夏洪瑞，陈德刚，周开明．地震资料处理中随机干扰消除方法分析[J]．石油物探，2003，42(1)：93～97
4汪军，何振亚．基于高阶谱的信号盲分离[J]．东南大学学报，1996，26(5)：75～78
5王卫华．提高地震资料信噪比和分辨率的一种新途径[J]．石油地球物理勘探，1997，32(2)：246～256
6于平，赵震宇．勘探地震学数据处理中的三种反褶积技术[J]．世界地质，2002，21(2)：181～183
7刘企英．高信噪比、高分辨率和高保真度技术的综合研究[J]．石油地球物理勘探，1994，29(5)：610～622
8 Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Nonliner one-dimensional seismic waveform inversion using simulated annealing[J].Geo- physics,1991,56(10):1624～1638
9李大卫，田继东，成竹，等．基于高阶统计的混合相位子波估计及其处理[J]．勘探地球物理进展，2005，28(2)：117～121
10唐斌，尹成．基于高阶统计的非最小相位地震子波恢复[J]．地球物理学报，2001，44(3)：404～410
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