对黄海—东海研究区深部结构的一些新认识
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摘要
综合地震层析成像与重磁数据的处理结果,选择26°N～36°N,120°E～130°E的范围作为研究区,讨论了黄、东海研究区的深部结构特点及其与周边各地质单元的相互关系,完成了研究区两条剖面的密度结构反演,认为东海陆架地区地壳厚度变化与大陆地区相比并不明显,显著减薄开始于冲绳海槽地区,中地壳消失;琉球岛弧处地壳厚度明显再度增加,特别是上地壳的厚度增加最大,推断其原因应与俯冲作用及俯冲带附近板块与地幔的运动速率之差有关.地球物理场“东西分带”是黄海—东海地区壳内结构从西向东变化的反映,但随着深度的增加,研究区的岩石层结构出现以近EW向为优势的构造格局.因此推断深部近EW向的异常是三叠纪时期南北板块碰撞、挤压所致,浅部的NE向条带异常是后期构造运动在岩石层较浅部位构造效应的反映.黄海—东海地区岩石层结构存在浅部与深部优势构造方向不协调的现象.层析成像结果证实了南黄海东缘断层的存在,还勾绘出绍兴—十万大山碰撞带为以40°左右的倾角向NW方向倾斜的高速带,另一条倾向基本相同的高速带则是南、北扬子块体结合带在深部的反映.
Yellow Sea and part of East China Sea are chosen as the research region (26°N～36°N,120°E～130°E) to discuss the deep structure and the relationship with adjacent geological units via tomography and gravity, magnetic inversion. Two density structure profiles are obtained after inversion. In East China Sea Continental Shelf region, the crust thickness doesn't change obviously. The thickness of crust begins to thin evidently in Okinawa Trough and middle crust disappears there. In Ryukyu Island Arc region, the crust thickness increases again and upper crust increases most obviously. We deduce that it is relative with the movement difference between plate and mantle around subduction zone. “Belt geophysical anomaly in longitude direction" is obvious symbol in research area and it is also the reflection of crust structure from West to East. With the increase of depth, tectonics in EW direction in lithosphere becomes the preponderance tectonic system. It is deduced that they are from collision and compression process of plates in Triassic but anomaly belts in NE direction are the reflection of later movement in shallow part of lithosphere. Unharmonious phenomena between deep and shallow preponderance tectonics exist in lithosphere of research region. The seismic tomography results from plane and profile not only approve the existence of East Marginal Fault Zone of South Yellow Sea but also give the attitude of that Shaoxing-Shiwandashan collision belt is a high velocity belt and it inclines to NW direction with 40° dip angle. Another high velocity belt with almost the same direction of dip is the image of the boundary between Southern and Northern Yangtze Block in deep.
Yellow Sea and part of East China Sea are chosen as the research region (26°N～36°N,120°E～130°E) to discuss the deep structure and the relationship with adjacent geological units via tomography and gravity, magnetic inversion. Two density structure profiles are obtained after inversion. In East China Sea Continental Shelf region, the crust thickness doesn't change obviously. The thickness of crust begins to thin evidently in Okinawa Trough and middle crust disappears there. In Ryukyu Island Arc region, the crust thickness increases again and upper crust increases most obviously. We deduce that it is relative with the movement difference between plate and mantle around subduction zone. “Belt geophysical anomaly in longitude direction" is obvious symbol in research area and it is also the reflection of crust structure from West to East. With the increase of depth, tectonics in EW direction in lithosphere becomes the preponderance tectonic system. It is deduced that they are from collision and compression process of plates in Triassic but anomaly belts in NE direction are the reflection of later movement in shallow part of lithosphere. Unharmonious phenomena between deep and shallow preponderance tectonics exist in lithosphere of research region. The seismic tomography results from plane and profile not only approve the existence of East Marginal Fault Zone of South Yellow Sea but also give the attitude of that Shaoxing-Shiwandashan collision belt is a high velocity belt and it inclines to NW direction with 40° dip angle. Another high velocity belt with almost the same direction of dip is the image of the boundary between Southern and Northern Yangtze Block in deep.
引文
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[18]郝天珧,SuhMancheol,王谦身等.根据重力数据研究黄海周边断裂带在海区的延伸.地球物理学报,2001,45(3):385～397HaoTY,MancheolS,WangQS,etal.Thestudyofextensionof faultsinYellowSeaandadjacentregionfromgravitydata.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2002,45(3):385～397
[19]张文佑主编.中国及邻区海陆大地构造图(1:5000000).北京:科学出版社,1983ZhangWY.(EditorinChief).OceanandContinentTectonicMap ofChinaandAdjacentArea(1∶5000000)(inChinese).Beijing:SciencePress,1983
[20]万天丰.中朝与扬子板块的鉴别特征.地质论评,2001,47(1):57～63WanTF.DistinctivecharacteristicsofSino KoreanandYangtze plates.GeologicalReview(inChinese),2001,47(1):57～63
[21]钱祥麟.中国陆区及东邻海域新生代构造演化与现时大陆动力作用特征.见:朱夏油气勘探地质理论应用学术研讨会材料汇编.中国地质学会,2000QianXL.CenozoictectonicevolutioninChinesecontinent&east adjacentseasandcontinentaldynamicsfeaturesnow.In:Proceeding ofSymposiumonApplicationofZhuxia’sGeologicalProspecting TheoryforOil gas.ChineseGeologicalSociety,2000
[22]刘宝,许效松,潘杏南等.中国南方古大陆沉积、地壳演化与成矿.北京:科学出版社,1993LiuBJ,XuXS,PanXN,etal.Age oldContinentSediment,CrustalEvolvementandMineralizeinChinaSouthArea(inChinese).Beijing:SciencePress,1993
[2]秦蕴珊,赵一阳,陈丽蓉等.东海地质.北京:科学出版社,1987.277～278QinYS,ZhaoYY,ChenLR,etal.GeologyofEastChinaSea(in Chinese).Beijing:SciencePress,1987.277～278
[3]SibuetJC,LetouzeyJ,BarbierF.Backarcextensioninthe OkinawaTrough.J.Geophys.Res.,1987,92:14041～14063
[4]KennettBLN,EngdahlER,BulandR.Constrainsonseismic velocitiesintheEarthfromtraveltimes.Geophys.J.Int.,1995,122:108～124
[5]江为为.调和系数法与重力资料反演地壳构造.中国科学技术大学研究生院学报,1989,6(1):9～114JiangWW.Crustalstructure’sinversionusingHarmonicseries methodandgravitydata.JournaloftheGraduateSchoolofthe ChineseAcademyofSciences(inChinese),1989,6(1):96～114
[6]高德章,赵金海,薄玉玲等.东海重磁地震综合物探剖面研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(5):853～861GaoDZ,ZhaoJH,BoYL,etal.Aprofileofgravitative-magneticandseismiccomprehensivesurveyintheEastChinaSea.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2004,47(5):853～861
[7]LeeCS,ShorGG,BibeeJrLD,etal.OkinawaTrough:Origingof abackarcbasin.Mar.Geology,1980,35:219～241
[8]LeydenR,EwingM,MurauchiS.Sonobuoyrefractionmeasurement intheEastChinaSea.Am.Assoc.Petrol.Geol.Bull.,1973,57(12):2396～2403
[9]许薇龄,黄兆熊,乐俊英.长江口—琉球海沟地学断面.见:中国海区及邻域地质地球物理特征.北京:科学出版社,1992.289～301XuWL,HuangZX,LeJY.TheYangtzeRiveMouth Ryukyu Trenchgeosciencetransect.In:Geologic GeophysicFeaturesof ChinaSeaandAdjacentRegions(inChinese).Beijing:Science Press,1992.289～301
[10]栾锡武,高德章,喻普之等.中国东海及邻近海域一条剖面的地壳速度结构研究.地球物理学进展,2001,16(2):28～34LuanXW,GaoDZ,YuPZ,etal.Thecrustvelocitystructureofa profileintheareaofEastChinaSeaanditsvicinity.Progressin Geophysics(inChinese),2001,16(2):28～34
[11]郝天珧,刘建华,黄忠贤等.中国边缘海岩石层结构研究.地球物理学进展,2004,19(3):583～589HaoTY,LiuJH,HuangZX,etal.Researchonthelithosphere structureofChinesemarginalseas.ProgressinGeophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(3):583～589
[12]彭艳菊,黄忠贤,苏伟.中国边缘海岩石层面波层析成像.见:李家彪,高抒(主编).中国边缘海岩石层结构与动力过程.北京:海洋出版社,2003.8～14PengYJ,HuangZX,SuW.Surfacewavetomographinlithosphere inChinamarginalsea.In:LiJB,GaoSeds.LithosphereStructure andDynamicalProcess(inChinese),Beijing:OceanPress,2003,8～14
[13]郝天珧,刘建华,郭峰等.冲绳海槽地区地壳结构与岩石层性质研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(3):462～468HaoTY,LiuJH,GuoF,etal.Researchoncrustalstructureand lithospherepropertyintheOkinawaTrougharea.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese).2004,47(3):462～468
[14]钟大赉,丁林,刘福田等.造山带岩石层多向层架构造及其对新生代岩浆活动制约———以三江及邻区为例.中国科学(D辑),2000,30(增):1～8ZhongDL,DingL,LiuFT,etal.Multi orientedandlayered structuresoflithosphereinorogenicbeltandtheireffectsonCenozoic magmatism—AcasestudyofwesternYunnanandSichuan,China.ScienceinChina(Seri.D)(inChinese).2000,30(Suppl.):1～8
[15]张国伟,孟庆任.赖绍聪.秦岭造山带的结构构造.中国科学(D辑),1995,25(9):994～1003ZhangGW,MengQR,LaiSC.TectonicstructureofQinling Orogenic.ScienceinChina(Seri.D)(inChinese),1995,25(9):994～1003
[16]万天丰.中国大地构造学纲要.北京:地质出版社,2004WanTF.ChinaGeotectonicsCompendium(inChinese).Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,2004
[17]马宗晋,李存悌,高祥林.全球新—中生代构造的基本特征.地质科技情报,1996,15(4):21～25MaZJ,LiCT,GaoXL.Globletectonicbasiccharacterin MesozoicandCenozoic.GeologicalScienceandTechnology Information(inChinese),1996,15(4):21～35
[18]郝天珧,SuhMancheol,王谦身等.根据重力数据研究黄海周边断裂带在海区的延伸.地球物理学报,2001,45(3):385～397HaoTY,MancheolS,WangQS,etal.Thestudyofextensionof faultsinYellowSeaandadjacentregionfromgravitydata.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2002,45(3):385～397
[19]张文佑主编.中国及邻区海陆大地构造图(1:5000000).北京:科学出版社,1983ZhangWY.(EditorinChief).OceanandContinentTectonicMap ofChinaandAdjacentArea(1∶5000000)(inChinese).Beijing:SciencePress,1983
[20]万天丰.中朝与扬子板块的鉴别特征.地质论评,2001,47(1):57～63WanTF.DistinctivecharacteristicsofSino KoreanandYangtze plates.GeologicalReview(inChinese),2001,47(1):57～63
[21]钱祥麟.中国陆区及东邻海域新生代构造演化与现时大陆动力作用特征.见:朱夏油气勘探地质理论应用学术研讨会材料汇编.中国地质学会,2000QianXL.CenozoictectonicevolutioninChinesecontinent&east adjacentseasandcontinentaldynamicsfeaturesnow.In:Proceeding ofSymposiumonApplicationofZhuxia’sGeologicalProspecting TheoryforOil gas.ChineseGeologicalSociety,2000
[22]刘宝,许效松,潘杏南等.中国南方古大陆沉积、地壳演化与成矿.北京:科学出版社,1993LiuBJ,XuXS,PanXN,etal.Age oldContinentSediment,CrustalEvolvementandMineralizeinChinaSouthArea(inChinese).Beijing:SciencePress,1993
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