地震液化引起地面侧向大变形研究评述
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摘要
本文对地震液化引起的地面侧向大变形国内外研究现状从试验研究与分析计算方法两方面进行评述,探讨了液化侧向变形需要进一步研究的一些问题。
The current state of study on the liquefaction-induced lateral spreading of ground is discussed from two aspects: laboratory scale model simulations and analytical methods.Some problems which need studing further are discussed.
The current state of study on the liquefaction-induced lateral spreading of ground is discussed from two aspects: laboratory scale model simulations and analytical methods.Some problems which need studing further are discussed.
引文
[1]Hamada,M.,Towhata,I.,Yasuda,S,.Isoyama,R.Study of Permanent Ground Displacement Induced by Seismic Liquefaction[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1987,4(4):197-220.
[2]刘颖,谢君斐.砂土震动液化[M].北京,地震出版社,1984.
[3]中国赴日地震考察团.日本阪神大地震考察[M].北京,地震出版社,1995.
[4]Yasuda,S.,Nagase,H.,Kiku,H.,Uchida,Y.A Simplified Procedure for the Analysis of the Permanent Ground Displacement[C].3rd Japan-U.S.Workshop on Earthquake Resistant Design of Lifeline Facilities and Countermeasures for Soil Liquefaction.National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research,Technical Report NCEER-91-0001:225-236.
[5]Nakagawa,H.,Miyajima,M.,and Kitaura,M.Effects of Vertical Seismic Motion on Performance of Caisson Type Quay Walls[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[6]Muraleetharan,K.K.,Arulmoli,K.,Foxworthy,J.E.,Wittkop,R.C.Seismic Design of Port of Los Angeles Pire 400:a Geotechnical Engineering Perspective[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[7]Orita,T.,Towhata,I.,Ghalandarzadeh,A.Shaking Table Tests on Permanent Displacement of Caisson Quay Wall during Earthquakes[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[8]Stewart,D.P.,Settgast,R.R.,Kutter,B.L.,Kawai,T.,Higuchi,S.,Takeda,T.Cyclic Settlement and Sliding of Caisson Seawalls[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[9]Iai,S.,Sugano,T.Shake Table Testing on Seismic Performance of Gravity Quay Walls[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[10]Higuchi,K.,Yasuda,K.S.,Tanaka,T.,Arai,D.,Kobayashi,T.Shaking Table Tests on the Mechanism of Liquefaction-Induced Ground Flow behind Quay Wall[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[11]刘汉龙,周云东,高玉峰.砂土地震液化后大变形特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):142-146.
[12]刘勇生.桥台滑坡与动土压力[D].国家地震局工程力学研究所,1988.
[13]Yasuda,S.,Nagase,H.,Kiku,H.,Uchida,Y.Appropriate Countermeasures against Permanent Ground Displacement due to Liquefaction[C].10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Madrid,Spain,1992:1471-1476.
[14]Towhata,I.,Vargas-Monge,W.,Orense,R.P.,Yao,M.Shaking Table Tests on Subgrade Reaction of Pipe Embedded in Sandy Liquefied Subsoil[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1999(18):347-361.
[15]Hamada,M.,Towhata,I.,Yasuda,S,.Isoyama,R.Study of Permanent Ground Displacement Induced bySeismic Liquefaction[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1987,4(4):197-220.
[16]Youd,T.L.,Member,ASCE,Perkins,D.M.,Mapping of Liquefaction Severity Index[J].Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering Divisions,ASCE,1987,113(11):1374-1392.
[17]Youd,T.L.,Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Ground Displacement[C].Proceedings:Third InternationalConference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics,1995:911-925.
[18]Newmark,N.M.,Effects of Earthquakes on Dams and Embankments[J].Geotechnique,15(2),1965:139-160.
[19]Byrne,P.M.and Jitno,H.,Earthquake Induced Displacement of Soil-Structures Systems[C].Proceedings,10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Madrid,Spain,1992:1407-1412.
[20]景立平,王绍博,张荣祥.砂土液化诱发的地面侧移机理研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,16(3):128-136.
[21]蔡晓光.液化土层两种机制下侧向大变形分析[D].中国地震局工程力学研究所,2004.
[22]Towhata,I.,Tokida,K.,Tamari,Y.,Matsumoto,H.,and Ymamda,K.Prediction of Permanent LateralDisplacement of Liquefied Ground by Means of Variational Ptinciple[C].Proceedings,3rdJapan-U.S.Workshop on Earthquake ResistantDesign of Lifeline Facilities and Countermeasuresfor Soil Liquefaction,National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research,Technical ReportNCEER-91-0001:237-251.
[23]Towhata I,Sasaki Y,Tokida K.etc.Prediction of Permanent Displacement of Liquefaction Ground byMeans of Minimum Energy Principle[J].Soils and Foundations 1992,32(3):97-116.
[24]Shamoto,Y.Zhang,J.M,Tokimatsu,K.,New Charts for Predicting Large Residual Post-liquefactionGround Deformation[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1998(17):427-438.
[25]Elgamal,A.W.and Yang,Z.H.,Numerical Modeling of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[26]Sawada,S.,Ozutsumi,O.,Iai,S.,Analysis of Liquefaction Induced Residual Deformation for TwoTypes of Quay Walls:Analysis by“FLIP”[C].12thWorld Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[27]袁晓铭,孟上九.软弱地基上建筑物不均匀震陷问题研究设想[C].面向21世纪的地震科学技术,地震出版社,2000:113-117.
[28]蔡晓光,袁晓铭,刘汉龙,等.近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形机理及软化模量分析方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(3).
[29]蔡晓光,袁晓铭,刘汉龙,等.近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形影响因素分析[J].世界地震工程,2007(2).
[30]Cetin,K.O,Youd,T.L.Liquefaction-induced Ground Deformations at Hotel Sapanca duringKocali(Izmit),Tukey earthquake[J].Soil Dynamicsand Earthquake Engineering,2002(22):1083-1092.
[2]刘颖,谢君斐.砂土震动液化[M].北京,地震出版社,1984.
[3]中国赴日地震考察团.日本阪神大地震考察[M].北京,地震出版社,1995.
[4]Yasuda,S.,Nagase,H.,Kiku,H.,Uchida,Y.A Simplified Procedure for the Analysis of the Permanent Ground Displacement[C].3rd Japan-U.S.Workshop on Earthquake Resistant Design of Lifeline Facilities and Countermeasures for Soil Liquefaction.National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research,Technical Report NCEER-91-0001:225-236.
[5]Nakagawa,H.,Miyajima,M.,and Kitaura,M.Effects of Vertical Seismic Motion on Performance of Caisson Type Quay Walls[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[6]Muraleetharan,K.K.,Arulmoli,K.,Foxworthy,J.E.,Wittkop,R.C.Seismic Design of Port of Los Angeles Pire 400:a Geotechnical Engineering Perspective[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[7]Orita,T.,Towhata,I.,Ghalandarzadeh,A.Shaking Table Tests on Permanent Displacement of Caisson Quay Wall during Earthquakes[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[8]Stewart,D.P.,Settgast,R.R.,Kutter,B.L.,Kawai,T.,Higuchi,S.,Takeda,T.Cyclic Settlement and Sliding of Caisson Seawalls[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[9]Iai,S.,Sugano,T.Shake Table Testing on Seismic Performance of Gravity Quay Walls[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[10]Higuchi,K.,Yasuda,K.S.,Tanaka,T.,Arai,D.,Kobayashi,T.Shaking Table Tests on the Mechanism of Liquefaction-Induced Ground Flow behind Quay Wall[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[11]刘汉龙,周云东,高玉峰.砂土地震液化后大变形特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):142-146.
[12]刘勇生.桥台滑坡与动土压力[D].国家地震局工程力学研究所,1988.
[13]Yasuda,S.,Nagase,H.,Kiku,H.,Uchida,Y.Appropriate Countermeasures against Permanent Ground Displacement due to Liquefaction[C].10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Madrid,Spain,1992:1471-1476.
[14]Towhata,I.,Vargas-Monge,W.,Orense,R.P.,Yao,M.Shaking Table Tests on Subgrade Reaction of Pipe Embedded in Sandy Liquefied Subsoil[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1999(18):347-361.
[15]Hamada,M.,Towhata,I.,Yasuda,S,.Isoyama,R.Study of Permanent Ground Displacement Induced bySeismic Liquefaction[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1987,4(4):197-220.
[16]Youd,T.L.,Member,ASCE,Perkins,D.M.,Mapping of Liquefaction Severity Index[J].Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering Divisions,ASCE,1987,113(11):1374-1392.
[17]Youd,T.L.,Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Ground Displacement[C].Proceedings:Third InternationalConference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics,1995:911-925.
[18]Newmark,N.M.,Effects of Earthquakes on Dams and Embankments[J].Geotechnique,15(2),1965:139-160.
[19]Byrne,P.M.and Jitno,H.,Earthquake Induced Displacement of Soil-Structures Systems[C].Proceedings,10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Madrid,Spain,1992:1407-1412.
[20]景立平,王绍博,张荣祥.砂土液化诱发的地面侧移机理研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,16(3):128-136.
[21]蔡晓光.液化土层两种机制下侧向大变形分析[D].中国地震局工程力学研究所,2004.
[22]Towhata,I.,Tokida,K.,Tamari,Y.,Matsumoto,H.,and Ymamda,K.Prediction of Permanent LateralDisplacement of Liquefied Ground by Means of Variational Ptinciple[C].Proceedings,3rdJapan-U.S.Workshop on Earthquake ResistantDesign of Lifeline Facilities and Countermeasuresfor Soil Liquefaction,National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research,Technical ReportNCEER-91-0001:237-251.
[23]Towhata I,Sasaki Y,Tokida K.etc.Prediction of Permanent Displacement of Liquefaction Ground byMeans of Minimum Energy Principle[J].Soils and Foundations 1992,32(3):97-116.
[24]Shamoto,Y.Zhang,J.M,Tokimatsu,K.,New Charts for Predicting Large Residual Post-liquefactionGround Deformation[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1998(17):427-438.
[25]Elgamal,A.W.and Yang,Z.H.,Numerical Modeling of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading[C].12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[26]Sawada,S.,Ozutsumi,O.,Iai,S.,Analysis of Liquefaction Induced Residual Deformation for TwoTypes of Quay Walls:Analysis by“FLIP”[C].12thWorld Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,2000.
[27]袁晓铭,孟上九.软弱地基上建筑物不均匀震陷问题研究设想[C].面向21世纪的地震科学技术,地震出版社,2000:113-117.
[28]蔡晓光,袁晓铭,刘汉龙,等.近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形机理及软化模量分析方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(3).
[29]蔡晓光,袁晓铭,刘汉龙,等.近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形影响因素分析[J].世界地震工程,2007(2).
[30]Cetin,K.O,Youd,T.L.Liquefaction-induced Ground Deformations at Hotel Sapanca duringKocali(Izmit),Tukey earthquake[J].Soil Dynamicsand Earthquake Engineering,2002(22):1083-1092.
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