喜马拉雅碰撞造山带和羌塘盆地的瑞雷波频散与三维速度结构
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摘要
本文利用我国地震台站数字记录的瑞雷波资料，通过适配滤波频时分析技术和网格频散反演方法，求得了喜马拉雅碰撞造山带和羌塘盆地的瑞雷波频散和群速度的三维结构。再结合其它地球物理资料，研究了该区不同构造地带的地壳与上地幔结构、深层过程和三维模式，并探讨了青藏高原大陆物质运移的运动学过程和动力学机制。主要内容为：①青藏高原地壳、上地幔盖层和上地幔低速层的结构、分区格局及其空间展布；②羌塘盆地深部构造背景与油气远景；③雅鲁藏布江地带断裂体系和地球物理场异常特征；④喜马拉雅碰撞造山带的构造格架与深层过程。
With the use of the Rayleigh wave data digitally recorded by earthquake observation stations in our country, the frequency dispersions of Rayleigh waves and the3--D structures of group velocity in Himalayan collision orogenic zone and Qiangtangbasin have been obtained by using adaptive filtering frequency--time analytic technique and inversion method of mesh frequency dispersion. By making combinativeanalysis of other geophysical data, the authors studied the crusts, upper mantles,deep--layer process and 3--D models of various structural zones in the area, and discussed the kinetic process and dynamic mechanism of sediment migration inQingzang plateau continent. The main points consist of = the structures and distributions of the crusts, upper--mantle cap formation and upper--mantle low--velocitylayer of Qingzang plateau ; the deep structural background and hydrocarbon potential of Qiangtang basin; the fault system and the geophysical--field characteristics inYarluzangbo (Yalu Tsangpo) River zone ; the structural framework and deep--layerprocess of Himalayan collision orogenic zone.
With the use of the Rayleigh wave data digitally recorded by earthquake observation stations in our country, the frequency dispersions of Rayleigh waves and the3--D structures of group velocity in Himalayan collision orogenic zone and Qiangtangbasin have been obtained by using adaptive filtering frequency--time analytic technique and inversion method of mesh frequency dispersion. By making combinativeanalysis of other geophysical data, the authors studied the crusts, upper mantles,deep--layer process and 3--D models of various structural zones in the area, and discussed the kinetic process and dynamic mechanism of sediment migration inQingzang plateau continent. The main points consist of = the structures and distributions of the crusts, upper--mantle cap formation and upper--mantle low--velocitylayer of Qingzang plateau ; the deep structural background and hydrocarbon potential of Qiangtang basin; the fault system and the geophysical--field characteristics inYarluzangbo (Yalu Tsangpo) River zone ; the structural framework and deep--layerprocess of Himalayan collision orogenic zone.
引文
1Xiao Xuchang,Li Tingdong.Tectonic evolution and uplift of the Qinghal-Tibet Plateau.Episoddes,1995, 18(1,2):31～35
2滕吉文.青藏高原地区地壳-上地幔结构与巨厚地壳的形成.大地构造与成矿学,1990,14(4):333～ 338
3胡家富,滕吉文,庄真.频时分析与网格频散反演技术.云南地球物理文集,云南大学出版社,1992,125 ～131
4庄真,邓大亮.勒夫波群速度频散与太平洋地壳及地幔三维构造.地球物理学报,1987,30(3):246～266
5Feng C C and Teng T L An error analysis of frequency-eime analysis Bull Seism Soc Am ,1983:73:143～155
6 Dziewonski A,Block S and Landisman M.A technique for the analysis of transient seismic signals.BullSeism Soc Am,1969,59:427～444
7Douglas C Nyman and Mark Landisman.The Display-Equallied fliter for frequency-time analysis.BullSeism Soc Am,1977,67:393～404
8 Zhuang Z,Teng T L and Chao C H.Error analysis and damping factor estimation for grid dispersion In-version In surface wave study. EOS Trans Am Geophys Un, 65,552B-12,1984
9庄真,付竹武,吕梓龄等.青藏高原及邻近地区地壳与上地幔剪切波三维速度结构.地球物理学报,1992,35(6):694～709
10吴宣志,吴泰玲,卢杰,吴杰.利用深地震反射剖面研究北祁连-河西走廊地壳油结构.地球物理学报,1995,38(增刊2):29～35
11吴功建,高锐,余钦范,程庆云,孟今顺等.青藏高原“亚东-格尔木地学断面”综合地球物理研究.地球物理学报,1991,34(5):552～562
12赵文津, Nelson K D,车敬凯, Brown L D,徐中信, Kow J T.深反射地震揭示喜马拉雅地区地壳上地幔的复杂结构.地球物理学报,1996,39(6):615～628
13Burkthard N R and Jackson D D.Density and surface wave inversion Geophys Res Lett , 1976, 3: 636～ 638
14 Harkrlder D C.Surface wave in multliayered elastic medial.Rayleigh and Love waves from burst sourcein a multilayered elastic half space.Bull Seism Soc Am ,1964,54:627～679
15Rodi W L,Glover P,Li T M C and Alexander S S.A fast accurate method for computing group velocitypartial derivatives for Rayleigh and Love modes Bull Seism Soc Am ,1975,65:1105～1114
16 Teng Jiwen, Xiong Shaobai et al. Structure of the crust and upper mantle pattern and velocity distribu-tional characteristics in the northern region of the Himalayan Mountain Region.J Phys Earth,1985,33:157～171
17孟今顺,高锐,周富祥.青藏高原重力测量与岩石圈构造,地质出版社,1992
18 滕吉文,孙克忠.青藏高原地区的上地幔结构与地幔低速层.动力大地测量与开放实验室年报(1989～1990),测绘出版社,1991
19 滕吉文,王绍舟,姚振兴等.青藏高原及其邻近地区的地球物理场特征与大陆板块构造.地球物理学报,1980,21(3)
20 Him A et al.Seismic anisotropyas an indicator of mantle flow beneath the Himalayas and Tibet.Na-ture,1995,376(15):571-574
21韩同林.喜马拉雅岩石圈构造演化.西藏活动构造,地质出版社,1987
22 Wei Siyn and Deng Xiaoye.Geothermal activity,geophysical anomalies and geothermal state of the crustand mantle in the Yarlung Zangbo river zone. Tectonophysics, 1989, 159; 154～247
23陈俊勇,张骥,薛璋,张江齐.珠穆朗玛峰地区的地壳运动及有关趋势的探讨.地球物理学报,1996,39(1);58～67
24曾融生,孙为国.青藏高原及其邻区的地震活动性和震源机制以及高原物质东流的讨论.地震学报1992,14(增刊):534～564
25熊绍柏,滕吉文,尹周勋.西藏高原地区的地壳厚度和莫霍界面的起伏.地球物理学报,1985,28(增刊)16～27
26Deng Wanming. An asymmetric continental subduction and restriction on Cenozoic magmatism in TibetanPlateau,Proceedings of International Symposium on the Karakouurm and Kunlun Mountains,China Me-teorolocal Press,1994,22～30
27 Li Jijun,Li Bingyuan et al. The process of the uplift of the Qinghal-Xizang Plate Geological and Ecologi-cal Studies of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,Science Press,Beijing,1981,1:111～118
28沈显杰,张友仁,杨叔贞,管烨,金旭等.青藏热流和地体构造热演化,地质出版社,1992
29滕吉文,张中杰,胡家富,尹周勋,刘宏宾等.青藏高原整体隆升与地壳短缩增厚的物理-力学机制研究(上).高校地质学报,1996,2(2):121～133
30 滕吉文,张中杰,胡家富,尹周勋,刘宏宾等.青藏高原整体隆升与地壳短缩增厚的物理-力学机制研究(下).高校地质学报,1996,2(3):307～323
2滕吉文.青藏高原地区地壳-上地幔结构与巨厚地壳的形成.大地构造与成矿学,1990,14(4):333～ 338
3胡家富,滕吉文,庄真.频时分析与网格频散反演技术.云南地球物理文集,云南大学出版社,1992,125 ～131
4庄真,邓大亮.勒夫波群速度频散与太平洋地壳及地幔三维构造.地球物理学报,1987,30(3):246～266
5Feng C C and Teng T L An error analysis of frequency-eime analysis Bull Seism Soc Am ,1983:73:143～155
6 Dziewonski A,Block S and Landisman M.A technique for the analysis of transient seismic signals.BullSeism Soc Am,1969,59:427～444
7Douglas C Nyman and Mark Landisman.The Display-Equallied fliter for frequency-time analysis.BullSeism Soc Am,1977,67:393～404
8 Zhuang Z,Teng T L and Chao C H.Error analysis and damping factor estimation for grid dispersion In-version In surface wave study. EOS Trans Am Geophys Un, 65,552B-12,1984
9庄真,付竹武,吕梓龄等.青藏高原及邻近地区地壳与上地幔剪切波三维速度结构.地球物理学报,1992,35(6):694～709
10吴宣志,吴泰玲,卢杰,吴杰.利用深地震反射剖面研究北祁连-河西走廊地壳油结构.地球物理学报,1995,38(增刊2):29～35
11吴功建,高锐,余钦范,程庆云,孟今顺等.青藏高原“亚东-格尔木地学断面”综合地球物理研究.地球物理学报,1991,34(5):552～562
12赵文津, Nelson K D,车敬凯, Brown L D,徐中信, Kow J T.深反射地震揭示喜马拉雅地区地壳上地幔的复杂结构.地球物理学报,1996,39(6):615～628
13Burkthard N R and Jackson D D.Density and surface wave inversion Geophys Res Lett , 1976, 3: 636～ 638
14 Harkrlder D C.Surface wave in multliayered elastic medial.Rayleigh and Love waves from burst sourcein a multilayered elastic half space.Bull Seism Soc Am ,1964,54:627～679
15Rodi W L,Glover P,Li T M C and Alexander S S.A fast accurate method for computing group velocitypartial derivatives for Rayleigh and Love modes Bull Seism Soc Am ,1975,65:1105～1114
16 Teng Jiwen, Xiong Shaobai et al. Structure of the crust and upper mantle pattern and velocity distribu-tional characteristics in the northern region of the Himalayan Mountain Region.J Phys Earth,1985,33:157～171
17孟今顺,高锐,周富祥.青藏高原重力测量与岩石圈构造,地质出版社,1992
18 滕吉文,孙克忠.青藏高原地区的上地幔结构与地幔低速层.动力大地测量与开放实验室年报(1989～1990),测绘出版社,1991
19 滕吉文,王绍舟,姚振兴等.青藏高原及其邻近地区的地球物理场特征与大陆板块构造.地球物理学报,1980,21(3)
20 Him A et al.Seismic anisotropyas an indicator of mantle flow beneath the Himalayas and Tibet.Na-ture,1995,376(15):571-574
21韩同林.喜马拉雅岩石圈构造演化.西藏活动构造,地质出版社,1987
22 Wei Siyn and Deng Xiaoye.Geothermal activity,geophysical anomalies and geothermal state of the crustand mantle in the Yarlung Zangbo river zone. Tectonophysics, 1989, 159; 154～247
23陈俊勇,张骥,薛璋,张江齐.珠穆朗玛峰地区的地壳运动及有关趋势的探讨.地球物理学报,1996,39(1);58～67
24曾融生,孙为国.青藏高原及其邻区的地震活动性和震源机制以及高原物质东流的讨论.地震学报1992,14(增刊):534～564
25熊绍柏,滕吉文,尹周勋.西藏高原地区的地壳厚度和莫霍界面的起伏.地球物理学报,1985,28(增刊)16～27
26Deng Wanming. An asymmetric continental subduction and restriction on Cenozoic magmatism in TibetanPlateau,Proceedings of International Symposium on the Karakouurm and Kunlun Mountains,China Me-teorolocal Press,1994,22～30
27 Li Jijun,Li Bingyuan et al. The process of the uplift of the Qinghal-Xizang Plate Geological and Ecologi-cal Studies of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,Science Press,Beijing,1981,1:111～118
28沈显杰,张友仁,杨叔贞,管烨,金旭等.青藏热流和地体构造热演化,地质出版社,1992
29滕吉文,张中杰,胡家富,尹周勋,刘宏宾等.青藏高原整体隆升与地壳短缩增厚的物理-力学机制研究(上).高校地质学报,1996,2(2):121～133
30 滕吉文,张中杰,胡家富,尹周勋,刘宏宾等.青藏高原整体隆升与地壳短缩增厚的物理-力学机制研究(下).高校地质学报,1996,2(3):307～323
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