变电站电力设施抗震措施研究现状与发展趋势
|
摘要
综述了国内外典型变电站电力设施在地震灾害中的破坏情况,总结了其破坏的类型和原因,分析了目前国内外采用的两种抗震措施:第一种是传统的加强建(构)筑物和其他电力设施自身的强度、刚度,来抵抗地震作用,且这种抗震措施在过去抗地震灾害中发挥了巨大作用,但是这种抗震措施在遭遇到设定范围的"强烈地震"作用时,尽管建(构)筑物可以保证不倒,却难以保证建(构)筑物内部重要电力设施的完好,并且此时建(构)筑物已经丧失了基本功能;第二种为目前逐渐受到重视的一种抗震措施,即采用隔震减震措施,通过隔震装置或其他附属装置在地震作用下率先进入消能或耗能状态,消耗掉大量的地震能量,只有少量的地震能量输入到建(构)筑物及其内部重要电力设施上,从而避免电力设施的破坏,使其在强烈地震作用下依然可以正常运行。隔震减震技术在民用建筑上已经成熟,但电力设施采用隔震减震措施还需要攻克许多难关,因此开展变电站电力设施的隔震减震应用研究具有重要意义。
The damaged types and reasons of electric power facilities in transformer substation home and abroad under destructive earthquake were summarized.The two kinds of seismic-resistant measures were put forward to deal with the damage of the electric power facilities.The first measure is the traditional seismic-resistant design way that the strength and stiffness of the building and important electric equipments in the building and other facilities are strengthened against the earthquake action,and the measure has already taken a great role against strong earthquake action in the past decades.But the measure can’t ensure the basal function of the building and operating of other important equipments in the building under pre-defined rating strong earthquake.The second measure that adopts isolating technology gets more and more attention.The operating principle of the measure is that the isolating apparatuses between the super-structure and the base or other affiliated apparatuses on the building firstly carries out energy-dissipating action and dissipates a lot of inputting earthquake energy under strong earthquake action,then only less energy was input to super-structure of the building or other electric power facilities so that it can protect the building and equipments in the building or other facilities.Although the isolating technology is widely used in civil building,but it is difficult to be applied in electric power facilities for a lot of puzzles existing in application.It has important and practical significance to carry out isolating application research of electric power facilities in transformer substation.
The damaged types and reasons of electric power facilities in transformer substation home and abroad under destructive earthquake were summarized.The two kinds of seismic-resistant measures were put forward to deal with the damage of the electric power facilities.The first measure is the traditional seismic-resistant design way that the strength and stiffness of the building and important electric equipments in the building and other facilities are strengthened against the earthquake action,and the measure has already taken a great role against strong earthquake action in the past decades.But the measure can’t ensure the basal function of the building and operating of other important equipments in the building under pre-defined rating strong earthquake.The second measure that adopts isolating technology gets more and more attention.The operating principle of the measure is that the isolating apparatuses between the super-structure and the base or other affiliated apparatuses on the building firstly carries out energy-dissipating action and dissipates a lot of inputting earthquake energy under strong earthquake action,then only less energy was input to super-structure of the building or other electric power facilities so that it can protect the building and equipments in the building or other facilities.Although the isolating technology is widely used in civil building,but it is difficult to be applied in electric power facilities for a lot of puzzles existing in application.It has important and practical significance to carry out isolating application research of electric power facilities in transformer substation.
引文
[1]朱伯芳.有限单元原理与应用[M].第二版.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998:20-25.
[2]唐友刚.高等结构动力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2002:21-27.
[3]程志军.架空输电线路静动力特性及风振研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2000:20-25.
[4]胡大柱,李宏男,贾连光,等.地震作用下输电铁塔非线性动力反应分析[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版),2004,20(2):94-96.Hu Dazhu,Li Hongnan,Jia Lianguang,et al.Nonlinear dynamic analysis on the transmission tower subjected to earthquake action子[J].Journal of Shenyang Arch.and Civ.Eng.Univ.(Natural Science),2004,20(2):94-96(in Chinese).
[5]李泽.大跨越输电塔线体系地震反应分析[D].上海:同济大学,2002.
[6]李宏男,石文龙,王苏岩.高压输电塔–导线耦联体系的简化抗震计算方法[J].特种结构,2002(3):58-61.Li Hongnan,Shi Wenlong,Wang Suyan.Simplified aseismic method of tower for large crossing transmission lines[J].Special Structure,2002(3):58-61(in Chinese).
[7]李宏男,石文龙,贾连光.考虑导线影响的输电塔侧向简化抗震计算方法[J].振动工程学报,2003,16(2):234-237.Li Hongnan,Shi Wenlong,Jia Lianguang.Simplified aseismic calculation method considering effects of lines on transmission tower[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2003,16(2):234-237(in Chinese).
[8]Song J,Kiureghian A D,Jerome L,et al..Seismic interaction in electrical substation equipment connected by non-linear rigid bus conductors[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2007(36):167-190.
[9]赵成刚,冯启民.生命线地震工程[M].北京:地震出版社,1994:10-14.
[10]杨亚弟,张其浩,苏文藻,等.FZ-110J型避雷器体系抗震分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,1988(2):57-69.Yang Yadi,Zhang Qihao,Su Wenzao,et al.Aseismic analysis for FZ-110J lighting arrestor[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1988(2):57-69(in Chinese).
[11]杨亚弟,李桂荣.电气设施抗震研究概述[J].世界地震工程,1996(2):20-22,54.Yang Yadi.Li Guirong.Summary of seismic research for electric facilities[J].World Earthquake Engineering,1996(2):20-22,54(in Chinese).
[12]李子国,史守峡,于海年.变压器结构的动力反应分析[J].世界地震工程,1996(1):49-52.Li Ziguo,Shi Shouxia,Yu Hainian.Dynamic response analysis of power transformer structure[J].World Earthquake Engineering,1996(1):49-52(in Chinese).
[13]郭惠勇,张陵,蒋健.电力电容器组架结构抗震性能的优化分析和计算[J].工程抗震,2002(4):31-36.Guo Huiyong,Zhang Ling,Jiang Jian.optimizing analysis and calculation on seismic performance of electric capacitors structure[J].Engineering Seismic,2002(4):31-36(in Chinese).
[14]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997:11-19.
[15]江宜城,钟寅亥,樊剑,等.粘弹性阻尼器控制下的大跨越输电塔的风振响应分析[J].钢结构,2003,18(4):34-36.Jiang Yicheng,Zhong Yinhai,Fan Jian,el al.Response analysis on wind-induced vibration for long span transmission tower subjected to visco-elastic dampers control[J].Steel Structure,2003,18(4):34-36(in Chinese).
[2]唐友刚.高等结构动力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2002:21-27.
[3]程志军.架空输电线路静动力特性及风振研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2000:20-25.
[4]胡大柱,李宏男,贾连光,等.地震作用下输电铁塔非线性动力反应分析[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版),2004,20(2):94-96.Hu Dazhu,Li Hongnan,Jia Lianguang,et al.Nonlinear dynamic analysis on the transmission tower subjected to earthquake action子[J].Journal of Shenyang Arch.and Civ.Eng.Univ.(Natural Science),2004,20(2):94-96(in Chinese).
[5]李泽.大跨越输电塔线体系地震反应分析[D].上海:同济大学,2002.
[6]李宏男,石文龙,王苏岩.高压输电塔–导线耦联体系的简化抗震计算方法[J].特种结构,2002(3):58-61.Li Hongnan,Shi Wenlong,Wang Suyan.Simplified aseismic method of tower for large crossing transmission lines[J].Special Structure,2002(3):58-61(in Chinese).
[7]李宏男,石文龙,贾连光.考虑导线影响的输电塔侧向简化抗震计算方法[J].振动工程学报,2003,16(2):234-237.Li Hongnan,Shi Wenlong,Jia Lianguang.Simplified aseismic calculation method considering effects of lines on transmission tower[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2003,16(2):234-237(in Chinese).
[8]Song J,Kiureghian A D,Jerome L,et al..Seismic interaction in electrical substation equipment connected by non-linear rigid bus conductors[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2007(36):167-190.
[9]赵成刚,冯启民.生命线地震工程[M].北京:地震出版社,1994:10-14.
[10]杨亚弟,张其浩,苏文藻,等.FZ-110J型避雷器体系抗震分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,1988(2):57-69.Yang Yadi,Zhang Qihao,Su Wenzao,et al.Aseismic analysis for FZ-110J lighting arrestor[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1988(2):57-69(in Chinese).
[11]杨亚弟,李桂荣.电气设施抗震研究概述[J].世界地震工程,1996(2):20-22,54.Yang Yadi.Li Guirong.Summary of seismic research for electric facilities[J].World Earthquake Engineering,1996(2):20-22,54(in Chinese).
[12]李子国,史守峡,于海年.变压器结构的动力反应分析[J].世界地震工程,1996(1):49-52.Li Ziguo,Shi Shouxia,Yu Hainian.Dynamic response analysis of power transformer structure[J].World Earthquake Engineering,1996(1):49-52(in Chinese).
[13]郭惠勇,张陵,蒋健.电力电容器组架结构抗震性能的优化分析和计算[J].工程抗震,2002(4):31-36.Guo Huiyong,Zhang Ling,Jiang Jian.optimizing analysis and calculation on seismic performance of electric capacitors structure[J].Engineering Seismic,2002(4):31-36(in Chinese).
[14]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997:11-19.
[15]江宜城,钟寅亥,樊剑,等.粘弹性阻尼器控制下的大跨越输电塔的风振响应分析[J].钢结构,2003,18(4):34-36.Jiang Yicheng,Zhong Yinhai,Fan Jian,el al.Response analysis on wind-induced vibration for long span transmission tower subjected to visco-elastic dampers control[J].Steel Structure,2003,18(4):34-36(in Chinese).
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心