安徽省畜禽养殖业粪便成分调查及排放量估算
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摘要
通过调查采样及测试分析的方法,分析了安徽省主要畜禽养殖品种粪便中的氮、磷、钾养分含量,以及Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、Hg、As等重金属的含量,根据安徽省统计年鉴中的数据对2008年安徽省畜禽养殖业粪便总排放量进行估算,结果表明:2008年安徽省畜禽养殖业产生的粪便中纯氮、磷、钾养分的排放量分别约为113 235、58 441和80 573 t,相当于24.62万t尿素、111.59万t过磷酸钙和16.18万t氯化钾,以总氮量计算占安徽省耕地最大氮承载量的18.20%。Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、As等重金属的产生量分别为72.59、2.30、125.97、977.96、1 123.98、32.67 t,Hg为171.41 kg,畜禽粪便长期大量施用于农田存在着一定的重金属累积超标风险。
The contents of nutrients and heavy metals,including N,P,K,Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu,Zn,Hg and As,etc.in the manure of different animals were surveyed and tested in Anhui Province.According to the data in Anhui Statistical Yearbook,the total manure production from the animal husbandry in Anhui Province in 2008 was estimated.Results showed that the N,P and K nutrients contents in the animal manure in 2008 were 113 235,58 441 and 80 573 t,which equalled to 246 200 t urea,1 115 900 t calcium phosphate and 161 800 t KCl,the N content accounted for about 18.20% of the total maximum N carrying capacity of farmland in Anhui Province.The production amount of Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu,Zn and As was 72.59,2.30,125.97,977.96,1 123.98 and 32.67 t,and that of Hg was 171.41 kg.However,the long-term application of animal manure in farmland may result in the risks of heavy metals exceeding the standards.
The contents of nutrients and heavy metals,including N,P,K,Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu,Zn,Hg and As,etc.in the manure of different animals were surveyed and tested in Anhui Province.According to the data in Anhui Statistical Yearbook,the total manure production from the animal husbandry in Anhui Province in 2008 was estimated.Results showed that the N,P and K nutrients contents in the animal manure in 2008 were 113 235,58 441 and 80 573 t,which equalled to 246 200 t urea,1 115 900 t calcium phosphate and 161 800 t KCl,the N content accounted for about 18.20% of the total maximum N carrying capacity of farmland in Anhui Province.The production amount of Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu,Zn and As was 72.59,2.30,125.97,977.96,1 123.98 and 32.67 t,and that of Hg was 171.41 kg.However,the long-term application of animal manure in farmland may result in the risks of heavy metals exceeding the standards.
引文
[1]安徽省统计局.2009年安徽省统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2009.
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[4]刑廷铣.畜牧业生产对生态环境的污染及其防治[J].云南环境科学,2001,20(1):39-43.
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[10]高定,陈同斌,刘斌,等.我国畜禽养殖业粪便污染风险与控制策略[J].地理研究,2006,25(2):311-319.
[2]李庆康,吴雷,刘海琴,等.我国集约化畜禽养殖场粪便处理利用现状及展望[J].农业环境保护,2000,19(4):251-254.
[3]张树清,张夫道,刘秀梅,等.规模化养殖畜禽粪主要有害成分测定分析研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2005,11(6):822-829.
[4]刑廷铣.畜牧业生产对生态环境的污染及其防治[J].云南环境科学,2001,20(1):39-43.
[5]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:334-336.
[6]张克强,高怀有.畜禽养殖业污染物处理与处置[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:184-237.
[7]农业部科技教育司,第一次全国污染源普查领导小组办公室.畜禽养殖业源产排污系数手册[K/OL].(2009-02)http://wenku.baidu.com/view/c1ee9509581b6bd97f19ea00.html.
[8]中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所.GB8172-87,城镇垃圾农用控制标准[S/OL].(1987-10-05)http://www.docin.com/p-181475265.html.
[9]农牧渔业部环境保护科研监测所,北京林业大学.GB4284-84,农用污泥中污染物控制标准[S/OL].(1984-05-18)http://www.docin.com/p-181474477.html.
[10]高定,陈同斌,刘斌,等.我国畜禽养殖业粪便污染风险与控制策略[J].地理研究,2006,25(2):311-319.
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