创业者社会网络、组织合法性与创业企业资源拼凑
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摘要
资源拼凑是创业企业打破资源局限,把握创业机会,取得创业成功的关键因素。本文主要研究创业者社会网络对创业企业资源拼凑的影响,并探索了组织合法性的调节作用。在相关研究梳理和理论分析的基础之上,提出了相应研究假设,并使用我国创业企业的实践数据进行实证分析。主要结论包括:创业者的社会网络规模保持在合理范围之内更有利于资源拼凑行为的开展,异质性程度较高的社会网络不利于资源拼凑,联结强度对资源拼凑具有显著的正向影响,组织合法性正向调节达高性以及联结强度对资源拼凑的影响。
Resources bricolage was considered to be the core elements for entrepreneurial enterprise to break resource constraint and get the entrepreneurial success. This paper focused on the impacts of entrepreneur social network on resources bricolage,and explored the moderating effect of organizational legitimacy. On the basis of the related literature,we construct theoretical model based on theoretical analysis and propose hypotheses. We also empirically analyze the survey data of China,and do an empirical test with the help of SPSS22. 0. The results show that: there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between network size and resources bricolage,the relationship between heterogeneity of social network was not conducive to resources bricolage,and strength of network tie was beneficial to promote resources bricolage. The organizational legitimacy's positive moderated effect was confirmed between upper reachability of network and resources bricolage.
Resources bricolage was considered to be the core elements for entrepreneurial enterprise to break resource constraint and get the entrepreneurial success. This paper focused on the impacts of entrepreneur social network on resources bricolage,and explored the moderating effect of organizational legitimacy. On the basis of the related literature,we construct theoretical model based on theoretical analysis and propose hypotheses. We also empirically analyze the survey data of China,and do an empirical test with the help of SPSS22. 0. The results show that: there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between network size and resources bricolage,the relationship between heterogeneity of social network was not conducive to resources bricolage,and strength of network tie was beneficial to promote resources bricolage. The organizational legitimacy's positive moderated effect was confirmed between upper reachability of network and resources bricolage.
引文
[1]张玉利,杨俊,任兵.社会资本,先前经验与创业机会——一个交互效应模型及其启示[J].管理世界,2008,(7):91-102.
[2]祝振铎,李新春.新创企业成长战略:资源拼凑的研究综述与展望[J].外国经济与管理,2016,38(11):71-82.
[3] Wernerfelt B. A resource-based view of firm[J]. Strategic Management Journal,1984,5(2):171-180.
[4] Baker T,Nelson R E. Creating something from nothing:Resource construction through entrepreneurial bricolage[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,2005,50(3):329-366.
[5]于晓宇,李雅洁,陶向明.创业拼凑研究综述与未来展望[J].管理学报,2017,14(2):306-316.
[6] Baker T,Miner A S,Eesley D T. Improvising firms:Bricolage,account giving and improvisational competencies in the founding process[J]. Research Policy,2003,32(2):255-276.
[7] Senyard J,Baker T,Steffens P,et al. Bricolage as a path to innovativeness for resource-constrained new firms[J]. Journal of Product Innovation Management,2014,31(2):311-230.
[8] Arregle J L,Batjargal B,Hitt M A,et al. Family ties in entrepreneurs'social networks and new venture growth[J]. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2015,39(2):313-344.
[9] Bitektine A,Haack P. The“macro”and the“micro”of legitimacy:Toward a multilevel theory of the legitimacy process[J]. Academy of Management Review,2015,40(1):49-75.
[10]刘云,Wang G G.基于评价者视角的组织合法性研究:合法性判断[J].外国经济与管理,2017,39(5):73-84.
[11]党兴华,孙永磊.技术创新网络位置对网络惯例的影响研究——以组织间信任为中介变量[J].科研管理,2013,34(4):1-8.
[12] Markóczy L,Sun L S,Peng M W,et al. Social network contingency, symbolic management, and boundary stretching[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2013,34(11):1367-1387.
[13]吴俊杰,盛亚,姜文杰.企业家社会网络、双元性创新与技术创新绩效研究[J].科研管理,2014,35(2):43-53.
[14] Lee J Y,Bachrach D G,Lewis K. Social network ties,transactive memory,and performance in groups[J]. Organization Science,2014,25(3):951-967.
[15]何一清,崔连广,张敬伟.互动导向对创新过程的影响:创新能力的中介作用与资源拼凑的调节作用[J].南开管理评论,2015,18(4):96-105.
[16]赵兴庐,张建琦,刘衡.能力建构视角下资源拼凑对新创企业绩效的影响过程研究[J].管理学报,2016,13(10):1518-1524.
[17]赵晶,孟维烜.官员视察对企业创新的影响——基于组织合法性的实证分析[J].中国工业经济,2016,(9):109-126.
[18] Peeters C,Massini S,Lewin A Y. Sources of variation in the efficiency of adopting management innovation:The role of absorptive capacity routines,managerial attention and organizational legitimacy[J]. Organization studies,2014,35(9):1343-1371.
[19]张玉利,李乾文.公司创业导向,双元能力与组织绩效[J].管理科学学报,2009,12(1):137-152.
[20] Cattani G. Preadaptation,firm heterogeneity,and technological performance:A study on the evolution of fiber optics,1970-1995[J]. Organization Science,2005,16(6):563-580.
[21] Nishiyama H,Yamaguchi M. Technological constraints,firm heterogeneity,and location choice of multinational enterprises[J]. Review of International Economics,2013,21(5):996-1005.
[22] Wassmer U,Dussauge P. Value creation in alliance portfolios:The benefits and costs of network resource interdependencies[J]. European Management Review,2011,8(1):47-64.
[23]彭新敏.企业网络对技术创新绩效的作用机制研究:利用性-探索性学习的中介效应[D].浙江大学,2009:72.
[24]耿新,张体勤.企业家社会资本对组织动态能力的影响——以组织宽裕为调节变量[J].管理世界,2010,(6):109-121.
[25]杨隽萍,于晓宇,陶向明,等.社会网络、先前经验与创业风险识别[J].管理科学学报,2017,20(5):36-50.
[26]杜运周,张玉利,任兵.展现还是隐藏竞争优势:新企业竞争者导向与绩效U型关系及组织合法性的中介作用[J].管理世界,2012,(7):96-107.
[27] Senyard J,Baker T,Davidsson P. Entrepreneurial bricolage:Towards systematic empirical testing[J]. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research,2009,29(5):1-15.
[2]祝振铎,李新春.新创企业成长战略:资源拼凑的研究综述与展望[J].外国经济与管理,2016,38(11):71-82.
[3] Wernerfelt B. A resource-based view of firm[J]. Strategic Management Journal,1984,5(2):171-180.
[4] Baker T,Nelson R E. Creating something from nothing:Resource construction through entrepreneurial bricolage[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,2005,50(3):329-366.
[5]于晓宇,李雅洁,陶向明.创业拼凑研究综述与未来展望[J].管理学报,2017,14(2):306-316.
[6] Baker T,Miner A S,Eesley D T. Improvising firms:Bricolage,account giving and improvisational competencies in the founding process[J]. Research Policy,2003,32(2):255-276.
[7] Senyard J,Baker T,Steffens P,et al. Bricolage as a path to innovativeness for resource-constrained new firms[J]. Journal of Product Innovation Management,2014,31(2):311-230.
[8] Arregle J L,Batjargal B,Hitt M A,et al. Family ties in entrepreneurs'social networks and new venture growth[J]. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2015,39(2):313-344.
[9] Bitektine A,Haack P. The“macro”and the“micro”of legitimacy:Toward a multilevel theory of the legitimacy process[J]. Academy of Management Review,2015,40(1):49-75.
[10]刘云,Wang G G.基于评价者视角的组织合法性研究:合法性判断[J].外国经济与管理,2017,39(5):73-84.
[11]党兴华,孙永磊.技术创新网络位置对网络惯例的影响研究——以组织间信任为中介变量[J].科研管理,2013,34(4):1-8.
[12] Markóczy L,Sun L S,Peng M W,et al. Social network contingency, symbolic management, and boundary stretching[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2013,34(11):1367-1387.
[13]吴俊杰,盛亚,姜文杰.企业家社会网络、双元性创新与技术创新绩效研究[J].科研管理,2014,35(2):43-53.
[14] Lee J Y,Bachrach D G,Lewis K. Social network ties,transactive memory,and performance in groups[J]. Organization Science,2014,25(3):951-967.
[15]何一清,崔连广,张敬伟.互动导向对创新过程的影响:创新能力的中介作用与资源拼凑的调节作用[J].南开管理评论,2015,18(4):96-105.
[16]赵兴庐,张建琦,刘衡.能力建构视角下资源拼凑对新创企业绩效的影响过程研究[J].管理学报,2016,13(10):1518-1524.
[17]赵晶,孟维烜.官员视察对企业创新的影响——基于组织合法性的实证分析[J].中国工业经济,2016,(9):109-126.
[18] Peeters C,Massini S,Lewin A Y. Sources of variation in the efficiency of adopting management innovation:The role of absorptive capacity routines,managerial attention and organizational legitimacy[J]. Organization studies,2014,35(9):1343-1371.
[19]张玉利,李乾文.公司创业导向,双元能力与组织绩效[J].管理科学学报,2009,12(1):137-152.
[20] Cattani G. Preadaptation,firm heterogeneity,and technological performance:A study on the evolution of fiber optics,1970-1995[J]. Organization Science,2005,16(6):563-580.
[21] Nishiyama H,Yamaguchi M. Technological constraints,firm heterogeneity,and location choice of multinational enterprises[J]. Review of International Economics,2013,21(5):996-1005.
[22] Wassmer U,Dussauge P. Value creation in alliance portfolios:The benefits and costs of network resource interdependencies[J]. European Management Review,2011,8(1):47-64.
[23]彭新敏.企业网络对技术创新绩效的作用机制研究:利用性-探索性学习的中介效应[D].浙江大学,2009:72.
[24]耿新,张体勤.企业家社会资本对组织动态能力的影响——以组织宽裕为调节变量[J].管理世界,2010,(6):109-121.
[25]杨隽萍,于晓宇,陶向明,等.社会网络、先前经验与创业风险识别[J].管理科学学报,2017,20(5):36-50.
[26]杜运周,张玉利,任兵.展现还是隐藏竞争优势:新企业竞争者导向与绩效U型关系及组织合法性的中介作用[J].管理世界,2012,(7):96-107.
[27] Senyard J,Baker T,Davidsson P. Entrepreneurial bricolage:Towards systematic empirical testing[J]. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research,2009,29(5):1-15.