喷施钾肥对打顶贪青徒长烤烟产质量的影响
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摘要
为生产上贪青徒长烟株的合理施肥提供科学依据,采用田间试验方法,研究打顶后3d叶面喷施磷酸二氢钾500g/667m2、磷酸二氢钾1000g/667m2、新品钾肥(添加液体增效剂)500g/667m2、新品钾肥(添加固体增效剂)500g/667m2和等量清水(CK)对贪青徒长烟株产质量的影响。结果表明:喷施钾肥各处理的产量、产值、中上等烟比例和上等烟比例均高于CK,以喷施新品钾肥(添加固体增效剂)的效果最好。喷施新品钾肥(添加固体增效剂)中上等烟比例和上等烟比例较CK分别提高11.2%和11.1%;产值较CK提高499.6元/667m2;收入较CK增加479.6元/667m2,增幅9.82%;可有效促进贪青徒长烟株落黄,改善烟叶内在化学成分的协调性和感官评吸品质;C3F和B2F烟叶的钾离子含量分别为2.97%和2.46%,与CK差异极显著。施用新品钾肥(添加固体增效剂)可有效促进贪青徒长烟株成熟落黄,提高烟叶钾离子含量及产质量。
To provide a scientific basis for the rational fertilization of the over-green and spindling tobacco plants,according to the field experiment,test CK(spray water),T1(potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 g/667 m2),T2(potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000 g/667 m2),T3(new potash add liquid synergist 500 g/667 m2),T4(new potash fertilizer add solid synergist 500 g/667 m2)5 treatments were designed for investigating the effect of spraying potassium fertilizer on the yield and quality of the overgreen and spindling tobacco plants with spraying 3 days after topping.Results:The yield,output value,proportion of medium and high quality tobacco and proportion of high quality tobacco in each treatment of potash fertilizer spraying were all higher than CK,and the effect of new potassium fertilizer spraying(adding solid synergistic agent)was the best.Compared with CK,the proportion of medium and high quality tobacco and the proportion of high quality tobacco in new potassium fertilizer(adding solid synergistic agent)were increased by 11.2% and 11.1% respectively.The output value is 499.6 yuan/667 m2 higher than CK;Compared with CK,the income increased by 479.6 yuan/667 m2,an increase of9.82%.It could effectively promote the greediness of tobacco,improve the coordination of chemical components in tobacco leaves and improve the quality of sensory evaluation.The potassium ion contents of C3 Fand B2 Ftobacco leaves were 2.97%and 2.46%,respectively,which were significantly different from CK.Application of new potassium fertilizer(adding solid synergistic agent)could effectively promote the maturation and yellowing of over-green and spindling tobacco,and improve the potassium ion content and yield and quality of tobacco leaves.
To provide a scientific basis for the rational fertilization of the over-green and spindling tobacco plants,according to the field experiment,test CK(spray water),T1(potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 g/667 m2),T2(potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000 g/667 m2),T3(new potash add liquid synergist 500 g/667 m2),T4(new potash fertilizer add solid synergist 500 g/667 m2)5 treatments were designed for investigating the effect of spraying potassium fertilizer on the yield and quality of the overgreen and spindling tobacco plants with spraying 3 days after topping.Results:The yield,output value,proportion of medium and high quality tobacco and proportion of high quality tobacco in each treatment of potash fertilizer spraying were all higher than CK,and the effect of new potassium fertilizer spraying(adding solid synergistic agent)was the best.Compared with CK,the proportion of medium and high quality tobacco and the proportion of high quality tobacco in new potassium fertilizer(adding solid synergistic agent)were increased by 11.2% and 11.1% respectively.The output value is 499.6 yuan/667 m2 higher than CK;Compared with CK,the income increased by 479.6 yuan/667 m2,an increase of9.82%.It could effectively promote the greediness of tobacco,improve the coordination of chemical components in tobacco leaves and improve the quality of sensory evaluation.The potassium ion contents of C3 Fand B2 Ftobacco leaves were 2.97%and 2.46%,respectively,which were significantly different from CK.Application of new potassium fertilizer(adding solid synergistic agent)could effectively promote the maturation and yellowing of over-green and spindling tobacco,and improve the potassium ion content and yield and quality of tobacco leaves.
引文
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[8]周道金,郑开强,黄光伟.烤烟生长后期喷施叶面肥对上部叶质量的影响[J].福建农业科技,2006(1):48-50.
[9]郑宇.叶面喷施硫酸钾对烤烟品质的影响[J].临沧师范高等专科学校学报,2010,20(1):137-140.
[10]李东亮,许自成.还原糖含量、还原糖烟碱比与烤烟形态特征的相关分析[J].安徽农业大学学报,2007,34(4):481-485.
[11]欧阳文,田丽梅.烟叶主要化学成分的平衡与烟叶质量品质关系对比分析研究[J].烟草科学研究,2006(4):68-70.
[12]常爱霞,张建平,杜咏梅,等.烤烟香型相关化学成分主导的不同产区烟叶聚类分析[J].中国烟草学报,2010,16(2):14-19.
[13]景延秋,袁秀秀,王卫峰,等.打顶后喷施钾肥对烤烟化学成分的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2015(10):51-54.
[14]王小兵.叶面喷施钾肥次数及喷施时期对烟叶常规化学成分的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(27):28-29.
[2]汪邓民,范思锋.钾素对烤烟成熟生理变化及成熟度影响的研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1988,5(3):244-248.
[3]COLLINS W K,HAWKS S N J.Principles of fluecured tobacco production[M].North carolina:North carolina State University,Raleigh,1994.
[4]韩锦锋,刘国顺,韩富根,等.氮素用量、形态和种类对烤烟生长发育及产量品质影响的研究[J].中国烟草学报,1992,1(1):16-23.
[5]秦艳青,李春俭,赵正雄,等.不同供氮方式和施氮量对烤烟生长和氮素吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(3):436-442.
[6]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所.中国烟草种植区划[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[7]罗华,邓小华,张光利,等.邵阳市主产烟县烤烟化学成分特征与可用性评价[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,35(6):623-627.
[8]周道金,郑开强,黄光伟.烤烟生长后期喷施叶面肥对上部叶质量的影响[J].福建农业科技,2006(1):48-50.
[9]郑宇.叶面喷施硫酸钾对烤烟品质的影响[J].临沧师范高等专科学校学报,2010,20(1):137-140.
[10]李东亮,许自成.还原糖含量、还原糖烟碱比与烤烟形态特征的相关分析[J].安徽农业大学学报,2007,34(4):481-485.
[11]欧阳文,田丽梅.烟叶主要化学成分的平衡与烟叶质量品质关系对比分析研究[J].烟草科学研究,2006(4):68-70.
[12]常爱霞,张建平,杜咏梅,等.烤烟香型相关化学成分主导的不同产区烟叶聚类分析[J].中国烟草学报,2010,16(2):14-19.
[13]景延秋,袁秀秀,王卫峰,等.打顶后喷施钾肥对烤烟化学成分的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2015(10):51-54.
[14]王小兵.叶面喷施钾肥次数及喷施时期对烟叶常规化学成分的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(27):28-29.