间作甘蔗对玉米根际微生物功能多样性的影响
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摘要
在云南省玉溪市元江县和德宏州陇川县甘蔗种植区分别设置甘蔗间作玉米和单作玉米田小区试验,采用Biolog-ECO板测定了不同气候条件下间作玉米与单作玉米根际微生物代谢功能多样性。结果表明:在陇川和元江试验区,间作玉米根际微生物的平均颜色变化率(AWCD)相对于单作玉米分别提高了28.50%和42.32%,Shannon指数和Simpson指数高于单作玉米田;从土壤微生物对碳源的利用率来看,两个试验区的间作玉米根际微生物对22种碳源的利用率高于单作玉米田,对2种碳源的利用率低于单作玉米田,两试验区间作与单作玉米根际微生物对碳源的利用率变化规律不尽一致的碳源有7种。由此表明,间作提高了玉米根际微生物对大部分碳源的利用率,并且在不同试验区有所差异。主成分分析表明,元江和陇川试验区间作玉米和单作玉米根际微生物群落结构明显不同。综上所述,在甘蔗玉米间作体系中,间作玉米根际微生物相对于单作玉米根际微生物群落多样性较高、根际微生物活性较强。该研究结果可为玉米甘蔗间作对土壤微生物活性影响研究提供理论基础。
The metabolic function diversity of maize rhizosphere microorganisms in maize monoculture system and maize/sugarcane intercropping system was examined in Yuanjiang and Longchuan counties of Yunnan Province by Biolog-ECO techniques. The results showed that the average well color development( AWCD) of microbial communities in rhizosphere soils in intercropping maize increased by 28. 50% and 42. 32% than that in monoculture system at both sites,respectively. The Shannon index of rhizosphere microorganisms in intercropping maize system was higher than that in monoculture system at both sites. The utilization rate of 22 carbon sources by rhizosphere microorganisms increased,while the utilization rate of other two carbon sources decreased in intercropping system than in monoculture system. However,seven kinds of carbon sources had no consistent pattern in utilization rate between intercropping and monoculture systems in both sites. Intercropping increased the carbon source utilization rate than monocropping,but with geographic differences. The results of principal component analysis( PCA) showed that the rhizosphere microbial community composition and metabolic function were different between intercropping and monoculture systems. In conclusion,diversity,activities,and metabolic function of soil rhizosphere microbial community were higher in the maize/sugarcane intercropping system than that in maize monoculture. The results will provide a theoretical basis for examining the effects of maize/sugarcane intercropping on the activity of rhizosphere microbial community.
The metabolic function diversity of maize rhizosphere microorganisms in maize monoculture system and maize/sugarcane intercropping system was examined in Yuanjiang and Longchuan counties of Yunnan Province by Biolog-ECO techniques. The results showed that the average well color development( AWCD) of microbial communities in rhizosphere soils in intercropping maize increased by 28. 50% and 42. 32% than that in monoculture system at both sites,respectively. The Shannon index of rhizosphere microorganisms in intercropping maize system was higher than that in monoculture system at both sites. The utilization rate of 22 carbon sources by rhizosphere microorganisms increased,while the utilization rate of other two carbon sources decreased in intercropping system than in monoculture system. However,seven kinds of carbon sources had no consistent pattern in utilization rate between intercropping and monoculture systems in both sites. Intercropping increased the carbon source utilization rate than monocropping,but with geographic differences. The results of principal component analysis( PCA) showed that the rhizosphere microbial community composition and metabolic function were different between intercropping and monoculture systems. In conclusion,diversity,activities,and metabolic function of soil rhizosphere microbial community were higher in the maize/sugarcane intercropping system than that in maize monoculture. The results will provide a theoretical basis for examining the effects of maize/sugarcane intercropping on the activity of rhizosphere microbial community.
引文
白学慧,姬广海,李成云,等.2008.魔芋与玉米间栽对魔芋根际微生物群落代谢功能多样性的影响.云南农业大学学报:自然科学版,23(6):736-740.
陈斌,和淑琪,张立敏,等.2015.甘蔗间作玉米对亚洲玉米螟发生为害的控制作用.植物保护学报,42(4):591-597.
程丽娟,薛泉宏.2012.微生物学实验技术.北京:科学出版社.
董艳,董坤,汤利,等.2013.小麦蚕豆间作对蚕豆根际微生物群落功能多样性的影响及其与蚕豆枯萎病发生的关系.生态学报,33(23):7445-7454.
高玉红,郭丽琢,牛俊义,等.2012.栽培方式对玉米根系生长及水分利用效率的影响.中国生态农业学报,20(2):210-216.
李鑫,张会慧,岳冰冰,等.2012.桑树-大豆间作对盐碱土碳代谢微生物多样性的影响.应用生态学报,23(7):1825-1831.
李志贤,冯远娇,杨文亭,等.2010.甘蔗间作种植研究进展.中国生态农业学报,18(4):884-888.
马玲,马琨,汤梦洁,等.2013.间作与接种AMF对连作土壤微生物群落结构与功能的影响.生态环境学报,22(8):1341-1347.
彭东海,杨建波,李健,等.2014.间作大豆对甘蔗根际土壤细菌及固氮菌多样性的影响.植物生态学报,38(9):959-969.
沈雪峰,方越,董朝霞,等.2014.甘蔗/花生间作对土壤微生物和土壤酶活性的影响.作物杂志,162(5):55-58.
时鹏,高强,王淑平,等.2010.玉米连作及其施肥对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响.生态学报,30(22):6173-6182.
覃潇敏,郑毅,汤利,等.2015.玉米与马铃薯间作对根际微生物群落结构和多样性的影响.作物学报,41(6):919-928.
谢凯,翁伯琦.2014.玉米与旱地作物间作套种研究进展.中国农学通报,30(6):26-32.
杨智仙,汤利,郑毅,等.2014.不同品种小麦与蚕豆间作对蚕豆枯萎病发生、根系分泌物和根际微生物群落功能多样性的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,20(3):570-579.
张爱加,周明明,林文雄.2013.不同种植模式对甘蔗根际土壤生物学特性的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,19(6):1525-1532
张向前,黄国勤,卞新民,等.2012.间作对玉米品质、产量及土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响.生态学报,32(22):7082-7090.
郑亚强,张立敏,杨进成,等.2016.甘蔗间作玉米对甘蔗根际微生物代谢功能多样性的影响.中国生态农业学报,5(24):618-627.
Anderson TH.2003.Microbial eco-physiological indicators to asses soil quality.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,98:285-293.
Choi KH,Dobbs FC.1999.Comparison of two kinds of Biolog microplates(GN and ECO)in their ability to distinguish among aquatic microbial communities.Journal of Microbiological Methods,36:203-213.
Garland JL.1997.Analysis and interpretation of community-level physiological profiles in microbial ecology.FEMS Microbiology Ecology,24:289-300.
Kolde R.2015.Pheatmap:Pretty Heatmaps.R package version1.0.7.
Latz E,Eisenhauer N,Rall BC,et al.2012.Plant diversity improves protection against soil-borne pathogens by fostering antagonistic bacterial communities.Journal of Ecology,100:597-604.
Li C,He X,Zhu S,et al.2009.Crop diversity for yield increase.PLo S One,4:e8049.
Li L,Li SM,Sun JH,et al.2007.Diversity enhances agricultural productivity via rhizosphere phosphorus facilitation on phosphorus-deficient soils.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,104:11192-11196.
Li L,Yang S,Li X,et al.1999.Interspecific complementary and competitive interactions between intercropped maize and faba bean.Plant and Soil,212:105-114.
Mollier A,Pellerin S.1999.Maize root system growth and development as influenced by phosphorus deficiency.Journal of Experimental Botany,50:487-497.
Oksanen J,Blanchet FG,Kindt R,et al.2013.vegan:community ecology package.R package version 2.0-10.
Roscher C,Schumacher J,Baade J,et al.2004.The role of biodiversity for element cycling and trophic interactions:An experimental approach in a grassland community.Basic and Applied Ecology,5:107-121
Smith DM,Inmanbamber NG,Thorburn PJ.2005.Growth and function of the sugarcane root system.Field Crops Research,92:169-183.
Suman A,Lal M,Singh AK,et al.2006.Microbial biomass turnover in Indian subtropical soils under different sugarcane intercropping systems.Agronomy Journal,98:698-704.
Weber KP,Grove JA,Gehder M,et al.2007.Data transformations in the analysis of community-level substrate utilization data from microplates.Journal of Microbiological Methods,69:461-469.
陈斌,和淑琪,张立敏,等.2015.甘蔗间作玉米对亚洲玉米螟发生为害的控制作用.植物保护学报,42(4):591-597.
程丽娟,薛泉宏.2012.微生物学实验技术.北京:科学出版社.
董艳,董坤,汤利,等.2013.小麦蚕豆间作对蚕豆根际微生物群落功能多样性的影响及其与蚕豆枯萎病发生的关系.生态学报,33(23):7445-7454.
高玉红,郭丽琢,牛俊义,等.2012.栽培方式对玉米根系生长及水分利用效率的影响.中国生态农业学报,20(2):210-216.
李鑫,张会慧,岳冰冰,等.2012.桑树-大豆间作对盐碱土碳代谢微生物多样性的影响.应用生态学报,23(7):1825-1831.
李志贤,冯远娇,杨文亭,等.2010.甘蔗间作种植研究进展.中国生态农业学报,18(4):884-888.
马玲,马琨,汤梦洁,等.2013.间作与接种AMF对连作土壤微生物群落结构与功能的影响.生态环境学报,22(8):1341-1347.
彭东海,杨建波,李健,等.2014.间作大豆对甘蔗根际土壤细菌及固氮菌多样性的影响.植物生态学报,38(9):959-969.
沈雪峰,方越,董朝霞,等.2014.甘蔗/花生间作对土壤微生物和土壤酶活性的影响.作物杂志,162(5):55-58.
时鹏,高强,王淑平,等.2010.玉米连作及其施肥对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响.生态学报,30(22):6173-6182.
覃潇敏,郑毅,汤利,等.2015.玉米与马铃薯间作对根际微生物群落结构和多样性的影响.作物学报,41(6):919-928.
谢凯,翁伯琦.2014.玉米与旱地作物间作套种研究进展.中国农学通报,30(6):26-32.
杨智仙,汤利,郑毅,等.2014.不同品种小麦与蚕豆间作对蚕豆枯萎病发生、根系分泌物和根际微生物群落功能多样性的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,20(3):570-579.
张爱加,周明明,林文雄.2013.不同种植模式对甘蔗根际土壤生物学特性的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,19(6):1525-1532
张向前,黄国勤,卞新民,等.2012.间作对玉米品质、产量及土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响.生态学报,32(22):7082-7090.
郑亚强,张立敏,杨进成,等.2016.甘蔗间作玉米对甘蔗根际微生物代谢功能多样性的影响.中国生态农业学报,5(24):618-627.
Anderson TH.2003.Microbial eco-physiological indicators to asses soil quality.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,98:285-293.
Choi KH,Dobbs FC.1999.Comparison of two kinds of Biolog microplates(GN and ECO)in their ability to distinguish among aquatic microbial communities.Journal of Microbiological Methods,36:203-213.
Garland JL.1997.Analysis and interpretation of community-level physiological profiles in microbial ecology.FEMS Microbiology Ecology,24:289-300.
Kolde R.2015.Pheatmap:Pretty Heatmaps.R package version1.0.7.
Latz E,Eisenhauer N,Rall BC,et al.2012.Plant diversity improves protection against soil-borne pathogens by fostering antagonistic bacterial communities.Journal of Ecology,100:597-604.
Li C,He X,Zhu S,et al.2009.Crop diversity for yield increase.PLo S One,4:e8049.
Li L,Li SM,Sun JH,et al.2007.Diversity enhances agricultural productivity via rhizosphere phosphorus facilitation on phosphorus-deficient soils.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,104:11192-11196.
Li L,Yang S,Li X,et al.1999.Interspecific complementary and competitive interactions between intercropped maize and faba bean.Plant and Soil,212:105-114.
Mollier A,Pellerin S.1999.Maize root system growth and development as influenced by phosphorus deficiency.Journal of Experimental Botany,50:487-497.
Oksanen J,Blanchet FG,Kindt R,et al.2013.vegan:community ecology package.R package version 2.0-10.
Roscher C,Schumacher J,Baade J,et al.2004.The role of biodiversity for element cycling and trophic interactions:An experimental approach in a grassland community.Basic and Applied Ecology,5:107-121
Smith DM,Inmanbamber NG,Thorburn PJ.2005.Growth and function of the sugarcane root system.Field Crops Research,92:169-183.
Suman A,Lal M,Singh AK,et al.2006.Microbial biomass turnover in Indian subtropical soils under different sugarcane intercropping systems.Agronomy Journal,98:698-704.
Weber KP,Grove JA,Gehder M,et al.2007.Data transformations in the analysis of community-level substrate utilization data from microplates.Journal of Microbiological Methods,69:461-469.