利用VSP子波替换提高地面地震资料的分辨率
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摘要
子波反褶积是地面地震处理中提高成像分辨率的常用方法,而做好子波反褶积的关键是计算反褶积算子。地面地震资料受本身分辨率和信噪比的影响,处理中难以得到精确的反褶积算子。本文利用VSP资料的高分辨率、高信噪比的优势,从中提取子波,然后用地面子波向VSP子波进行匹配,计算出较为精确的反褶积算子,用于叠后地面地震资料子波替换反褶积处理。实例处理结果表明,此方法能使地面地震剖面的分辨率明显提高,同相轴的连续性得到改善,波阻特征有所加强,整体质量得到较大改进。
Deconvolution is a common method for improving the resolution of seismic image in surface seismic processing.The key to deconvolution is to calculate the operator of deconvolution.Seismic data are affected by the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio in themselves.It is thus difficult to get the accurate operator of deconvolution.In this paper,VSP data were used to extract the wavelet because of its high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio.Then the accurate operator of deconvolution was obtained by adopting matching calculation between surface wavelet and VSP wavelet.At last,deconvolution of wavelet replacement was applied to post-stack surface seismic data.Practical processing results show that this method can enhance the resolution of surface seismic profile.In addition,,continuity of the event,characteristics of the wave group and overall quality can also be improved obviously.
Deconvolution is a common method for improving the resolution of seismic image in surface seismic processing.The key to deconvolution is to calculate the operator of deconvolution.Seismic data are affected by the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio in themselves.It is thus difficult to get the accurate operator of deconvolution.In this paper,VSP data were used to extract the wavelet because of its high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio.Then the accurate operator of deconvolution was obtained by adopting matching calculation between surface wavelet and VSP wavelet.At last,deconvolution of wavelet replacement was applied to post-stack surface seismic data.Practical processing results show that this method can enhance the resolution of surface seismic profile.In addition,,continuity of the event,characteristics of the wave group and overall quality can also be improved obviously.
引文
[1]牟永光.地震勘探资料数字处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1981.
[2]朱光明.垂直地震剖面方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1988.
[3]Stone D G.Rohust wavelet estimation by structural deconvolution[R].SEG 46th Annual Meeting,Houston,1976.
[4]贺洪举.VSP在高分辨率处理中的应用[J].天然气工业,1996,16(6):23-26.
[5]姚忠瑞,何惺华.利用VSP提高叠后地面地震资料分辨率[J].油气地球物理,2006,4(4):23-27..
[6]李文杰,魏修成,刘洋.利用VSP提高地震资料处理质量的新途径[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(1):96-98.
[2]朱光明.垂直地震剖面方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1988.
[3]Stone D G.Rohust wavelet estimation by structural deconvolution[R].SEG 46th Annual Meeting,Houston,1976.
[4]贺洪举.VSP在高分辨率处理中的应用[J].天然气工业,1996,16(6):23-26.
[5]姚忠瑞,何惺华.利用VSP提高叠后地面地震资料分辨率[J].油气地球物理,2006,4(4):23-27..
[6]李文杰,魏修成,刘洋.利用VSP提高地震资料处理质量的新途径[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(1):96-98.
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