喀什北缘南天山冲断带构造变形分析
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摘要
综合利用地震剖面解释和地面地质资料分析,揭示了位于喀什北缘南天山冲断带的结构和变形特征.结果表明,从平面上可以将该冲断带划分为喀拉伯克托尔—温古尔、托帕—康西维尔、阿图什和喀什等多排背斜,其中阿图什及其北侧的背斜带由源于沿中寒武统阿瓦塔格组内部滑脱的冲断层系由北向南的活动所控制;从剖面上可以将该冲断带划分为2个不同层次的推覆构造系统:浅层为大规模叠瓦式冲断系统,滑脱面从寒武系逐渐抬升到新近系;深层为隐伏的双重冲断构造系统,底板和顶板断层分别位于寒武系和古近系底部喀什群的石膏层中.利用构造变形分析方法和平衡剖面技术,确定了各背斜带空间展布及深浅层2个不同冲断系统的构造样式,得出研究区在上新世以来南北缩短量为32.64~49.1 km,缩短率为40.5%~50.51%,地壳平均缩短速率为9.11~13.71 mm/a.
The structural and deformational features of fold-thrust belt in the north margin of Kashi,southern Tien Shan were disclosed based on various data such as 2D seismic profile and field geologic survey.The results show that the fold-thrust belt can be divided into several rows of anticlines,including Kaboketuoer-Wenguer,Tuopa-Kangxiweier,Atushi and Kashi on plane,and the development of Atushi anticlines and its north side are controlled by the activity of the thrust system originated along the middle Cambrian Awatage group from north to south.The fold-thrust belt can be divided into two different spatial levels:the shallow tectonic is a large scale imbricate thrust system,the detachment surface is uplifted from Cambrian system to Neogene system;the deep structure is a buried duplex structure system,the faults in floor and roof are located at gypsic horizon in Cambrian and Neogene system respectively.Based on the structural deformation analyzing and balanced section technology,the distribution of each anticlinal belts and the structure style of the low and deep thrust systems are confirmed.In this area the distance is shortened by 32.64-49.1 km from north to south since Pliocene with the scalage of 40.5%-50.51%,and its average crustal shortening rate is 9.11-13.71 mm/a.
The structural and deformational features of fold-thrust belt in the north margin of Kashi,southern Tien Shan were disclosed based on various data such as 2D seismic profile and field geologic survey.The results show that the fold-thrust belt can be divided into several rows of anticlines,including Kaboketuoer-Wenguer,Tuopa-Kangxiweier,Atushi and Kashi on plane,and the development of Atushi anticlines and its north side are controlled by the activity of the thrust system originated along the middle Cambrian Awatage group from north to south.The fold-thrust belt can be divided into two different spatial levels:the shallow tectonic is a large scale imbricate thrust system,the detachment surface is uplifted from Cambrian system to Neogene system;the deep structure is a buried duplex structure system,the faults in floor and roof are located at gypsic horizon in Cambrian and Neogene system respectively.Based on the structural deformation analyzing and balanced section technology,the distribution of each anticlinal belts and the structure style of the low and deep thrust systems are confirmed.In this area the distance is shortened by 32.64-49.1 km from north to south since Pliocene with the scalage of 40.5%-50.51%,and its average crustal shortening rate is 9.11-13.71 mm/a.
引文
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[15]SUPPE J.Geometry and Kinematics of fault bendfolding[J].Amer Journal Sciences,1983,283:684-721.
[16]SUPPE J,MEDWEDEFF D A.Geometry and Ki-nematics of fault-propagation folding Eclog[J].GeolHelv,1990,83:409-454.
[17]陈杰,卢演俦,丁国瑜.塔里木西缘晚新生代造山过程的记录-磨拉石建造及生长地层和生长不整合[J].第四纪研究,2001,21(6):528-539.CHEN Jie,LU Yan-chou,DING Guo-yu,Recordsof late cenozoic mountain building in western Tarimbasin:molasses,growth strata and growth uncon-formity[J].Quaternary Sciences,2001,21(6):528-539.
[2]尚新璐,陈新卫,吴超,等.塔里木盆地西部喀什地区的新生代冲断构造[J].地质科学,2004,39(4):543-550.SHANG Xin-lu,CHEN Xin-wei,WU Chao,et al.Cenozoic thrust structures in the Kashi area,westernTarim basin[J].Chinese Jouranal of Geology,2004,39(4):543-550.
[3]陈杰,丁国瑜,BURKANK D W,等.中国西南天山山前的晚新生代构造与地震活动[J].中国地震,2001,17(2):134-154.CHEN Jie,DING Guo-yu,BURBANK D W,et al.Late cenozoic tectonics and seismicity in the south-western Tianshan China[J].Earthquake Research inChina,2001,17(2):134-154.
[4]沈军,汪一鹏,赵瑞斌.帕米尔东北缘及塔里木盆地西北部弧形构造的扩展特征[J].地震地质,2001,23(3):381-389.SHEN Jun,WANG Yi-peng,ZHAO Rui-bin.Prop-agation of cenozoic arcuate structures in northeastPamir and northwest Tarim basin[J].Seismologyand Geology,2001,23(3):381-389.
[5]MOLNAR P,TAPPONNIER P.Cenozoic tectonicsof Asia:effects on a continental collision[J].Sci-ence,1975,189:419-426.
[6]周新源,罗金海,买光荣,等.塔里木盆地喀什凹陷及其周边地区构造特征与油气地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.
[7]薛崇武.喀什及邻区区域构造体系特征[J].新疆地质,2001,19(1):74-79.XUE Chong-wu.Characteristics of tectonic system inKashi and adjacent area[J].Xinjiang Geology,2001,19(1):74-79.
[8]张原庆.塔里木盆地西部喀什凹陷新生代构造特征、演化历史与盆山耦合[D].北京:北京大学地质学系,2001.
[9]WINDLEY B F,ALLEN M B,ZHANG C,et al.Paleozoic accretion and cenozoic redeformation of theChinese Tien Shan range[J].Central Asia Geoloy,1990,18:128-131.
[10]ABDRAKHMATOV K Y,ALDAZHANOV S A,HAGER B H,Relative recent construction of theTien Shan inferred from GPS measurements of pres-ent-day crustal deformation rates[J].Nature,1996,384:450-4535.
[11]CHEN J,BURBANK D W,SCHARER K M,etal.Magnetochronology of the upper cenozonic stratain the southwestern Chinese Tian Shan:rates ofPleistocene folding and thrusting[J].Earth andPlanetary Science Letters,2002,195:113-130.
[12]罗金海,周新源,邱斌,等.塔里木盆地西部喀什凹陷褶皱冲断带的构造特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(2):199-203.LUO Jin-hai,ZHOU Xin-yuan,QIU Bin,et al.Structural features of fold-thrust zone in Kashi de-pression,western Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geol-ogy,2004,25(2):199-203.
[13]肖安成.塔里木盆地西南缘的构造特征与油气聚集规律[J].江汉石油学院学报,1997,19(2):1-6.XIAO An-cheng.Structural deformation character-istics of southwestern margin in Tarim basin[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,1997,19(2):1-6.
[14]伍秀芳.塔里木盆地西南缘前陆褶皱冲断带构造几何学和运动学分析[D].杭州:浙江大学地球科学系,2003.
[15]SUPPE J.Geometry and Kinematics of fault bendfolding[J].Amer Journal Sciences,1983,283:684-721.
[16]SUPPE J,MEDWEDEFF D A.Geometry and Ki-nematics of fault-propagation folding Eclog[J].GeolHelv,1990,83:409-454.
[17]陈杰,卢演俦,丁国瑜.塔里木西缘晚新生代造山过程的记录-磨拉石建造及生长地层和生长不整合[J].第四纪研究,2001,21(6):528-539.CHEN Jie,LU Yan-chou,DING Guo-yu,Recordsof late cenozoic mountain building in western Tarimbasin:molasses,growth strata and growth uncon-formity[J].Quaternary Sciences,2001,21(6):528-539.
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