消除影响压实趋势线地质因素的方法——以莺歌海盆地为例
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摘要
莺歌海盆地第四系和上第三系地层内除异常压力和压实作用外 ,影响声波时差的因素主要有岩性变化、成岩胶结作用、地层含天然气及裂缝的存在。这些因素在地层中往往同时存在 ,难以区分和辨识。借用地震处理过程中多道曲线叠合以增强信噪比的思路 ,通过局部区块上数口井声波时差压实曲线的叠合处理 ,反映地层孔隙特征的信息量得到增强 ,是可避开或消除影响声波速度地质因素的一种有效方法。进一步将这种方法移植到地震速度谱资料的处理中 ,获得的压力预测结果得到钻井实测压力的证实。
In the Quaternary formation and Upper-Tertiary formation of Yinggehai Basin, except for abnormal pressure and compaction, there are mainly four factors affecting acoustic time, which are lithology variation, cementation, gas in the formation and crack. They usually co-exist and are difficult to distinguish. According to the ideology of seismic processing, i.e., pre-stack noise attenuation/signal enhancement, we superpose multi-wells' acoustic time data of the same local region. In result, the information of reflecting pore characters enhances. It is an effective method to avoid other factors to disturb acoustic velocity. Furthermore, applying this method in processing velocity spectra, the predicted result of the formation pressure conforms to the measured pressure during drilling.
In the Quaternary formation and Upper-Tertiary formation of Yinggehai Basin, except for abnormal pressure and compaction, there are mainly four factors affecting acoustic time, which are lithology variation, cementation, gas in the formation and crack. They usually co-exist and are difficult to distinguish. According to the ideology of seismic processing, i.e., pre-stack noise attenuation/signal enhancement, we superpose multi-wells' acoustic time data of the same local region. In result, the information of reflecting pore characters enhances. It is an effective method to avoid other factors to disturb acoustic velocity. Furthermore, applying this method in processing velocity spectra, the predicted result of the formation pressure conforms to the measured pressure during drilling.
引文
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①陈荷立等.琼东南盆地泥岩压实与油气运移研究,1989,内部报告
2 李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路—高分辨率地震勘探系统工程剖析[M ].北京:石油工业出版社,1994[LiQZ .GoingforwardtotheroadofaccurateexplorationAnalysisofhigh resolutionseismicexplorationsystemengineering[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPublishingHouse,1994]
3 刘震,吴因业.层序地层框架与油气勘探[M ].北京:石油工业出版社,1999[LiuZ ,WuYY .Stratigraphicsequenceskeletonandoil& gasexploration[M ].Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPublishingHouse,1999]
4 FertlWH .Abnormalformationpressure,Implicationtoexploration,drilling,andproductionofoilandgasreservoirs[M ].Amsterdam:El sevier,1976.1～382
5 MagaraK .Compactionandfluidmigration,Practicalpetroleum geolo gy[M ].Ameterdam:ElsevierScientificPublishingCompany,1978.1～319
6 楚泽涵.声波测井原理[M ].北京:石油工业出版社,1980[ChuZH .Theoryofacousticlogging[M ].Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPublishingHouse,1980]
7 陈荷立,罗晓容.泥岩压实曲线研究与油气运移条件分析[J].石油与天然气地质,1987,8(3):233～242[ChenHL ,LuoXR .Studyofshalecompactioncurveandanalysisoftheconditionofoil& gasmigra tion[J].Oil&GasGeology,1987,8(3):233～242]
8 RiekeHH ,ChilingarianGV著,徐怀大译.泥质沉积物的压实[M ].北京:地质出版社,1984.32～33[RiekeHH ,ChilingarianGV ,XuHDtranslator.Compactionofargillaceoussediments[M ].Beijing:Geolo gyicalPublishingHouse,1984.32～33]
9 MounchetIP ,MichellA .Pressionsanormalesencoursdeforage[M ].Pau,France:ManuelsTech.OfElfAquitaine,1987.1～260
①陈荷立等.琼东南盆地泥岩压实与油气运移研究,1989,内部报告
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