基于随机介质的提高地震记录分辨率的扩频方法
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摘要
常规提高地震记录分辨率的谱白化和反褶积等方法多以反射系数序列是白噪随机时间序列为前提,隐含着认为地下介质为白噪型随机介质这一问题。长期以来的勘探事实表明,地下介质不一定为白噪型随机介质,反射系数序列不一定是白噪随机时间序列。因此,常规方法有时不能得到符合实际的结果。除了白噪模型外,随机介质还有多种模型,不同类型的随机介质有着不同的性质,对应着不同的反射系数序列和地震记录。基于随机介质理论,研究了地震记录与随机介质统计参数之间的关系,提出了由实际地震记录求出随机介质统计参数、扩展地震记录频带的方法。理论模型和实际资料试处理结果表明,该方法可以得到与实际地质情况相符且分辨率大为提高的结果,是高分辨率地震资料处理中一个有意义的研究方向。
Conventional methods for improving seismic record resolution, such as spectrum whitening and deconvolution,assume that reflection coefficient sequence is white noise random time sequence,the prerequisite implicates that subsurface medium is white noise random medium.Prospecting experience indicates that not all subsurface medium is white noise random medium,not all reflection coefficient sequence is white noise random time sequence.Therefore,conventional methods can not obtain actual results sometimes.Except white noise model,random medium has many kinds of models;random medium in different type has different properties,which is corresponding to different reflection coefficient sequence and seismic record.Based on random medium theory,we studied the relationship between seismic record and random medium statistical parameters, and proposed the methods for obtaining random medium statistical parameters and spread seismic record frequency band from actual seismic record.Theoretical and actual data test result coincides with actual geological conditions,and the seismic data resolution has been greatly improved.The method is a meaningful research direction in high-resolution seismic data processing.
Conventional methods for improving seismic record resolution, such as spectrum whitening and deconvolution,assume that reflection coefficient sequence is white noise random time sequence,the prerequisite implicates that subsurface medium is white noise random medium.Prospecting experience indicates that not all subsurface medium is white noise random medium,not all reflection coefficient sequence is white noise random time sequence.Therefore,conventional methods can not obtain actual results sometimes.Except white noise model,random medium has many kinds of models;random medium in different type has different properties,which is corresponding to different reflection coefficient sequence and seismic record.Based on random medium theory,we studied the relationship between seismic record and random medium statistical parameters, and proposed the methods for obtaining random medium statistical parameters and spread seismic record frequency band from actual seismic record.Theoretical and actual data test result coincides with actual geological conditions,and the seismic data resolution has been greatly improved.The method is a meaningful research direction in high-resolution seismic data processing.
引文
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11奚先,姚姚.非平稳随机介质模型[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1):71-75
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14 Joe S,Gopa S D.On the power-law behavior of subsurface heterogeneity[J].Expanded Abstracts of 71~(st) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2001,2033-2036
15 Li C F.Rescaled-range and power spectrum analysis well-logging data[J].Geophysical Journal International, 2003,153(1):201-212
16赵亮,吴锡令.非均质油层分形模型与测井描述研究[J].测井技术,2001,25(3):195-198
2 Bjorn U,冯诗齐.最佳混合相位反滤波器的估计[J].勘探地球物理进展,2001,24(6):26-33
3周洁玲,成世琦.反褶积与信噪比的关系研究[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),2002,17(4):24-27
4王宇,韩立国,崔杰.VSP资料约束地层反滤波研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(增刊2): 36-39
5边国柱,张立群.地震数据的谱白化处理[J].石油物探,1986,25(2):26-33
6张永刚.地震波阻抗反演技术的现状和发展[J].石油物探,2002,41(4):385-390
7崔若飞,孙学凯,崔大尉.地震反演—煤田地震勘探的新进展[J].中国煤炭地质,2008,20(6):49-52
8杨培杰,印兴耀,张欣.叠后地震盲反演及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):284-290
9高少武,蔡加铭,赵波,等.地震和测井联合反演储层波阻抗技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):279-283
10 Yao Y,Xi X.Reflected wavefield in random media:a review[J].Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 2004,1(2):147- 152
11奚先,姚姚.非平稳随机介质模型[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1):71-75
12何又雄,姚姚.分形方法在模拟非均匀介质模型中的应用[J].石油物探,2005,44(3):199-201
13姚姚.地震波场与地震勘探[M].北京:地质出版社, 2006.181-184
14 Joe S,Gopa S D.On the power-law behavior of subsurface heterogeneity[J].Expanded Abstracts of 71~(st) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2001,2033-2036
15 Li C F.Rescaled-range and power spectrum analysis well-logging data[J].Geophysical Journal International, 2003,153(1):201-212
16赵亮,吴锡令.非均质油层分形模型与测井描述研究[J].测井技术,2001,25(3):195-198
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