地球物理综合勘探技术在南水北调西线工程深埋长隧洞勘察中的应用
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摘要
利用以可控源音频大地电磁法为主,甚低频法、部分地段激发极化法和瞬变电磁法为辅助手段对南水北调西线一期工程中20 km深埋长隧洞段进行了探测研究,主要介绍可控源音频大地电磁法法隧洞勘探的效果及其他几种辅助方法的作用。综合利用物探资料及地面工程地质勘察结果对深埋长隧洞围岩介质的结构特征进行解释,并评价可能影响工程的断层、破碎带及异常区,这将对工程施工提供非常有用的帮助信息。
Geophysical exploration is conducted with controlled source audio magnetic telluric(CSAMT) method which is the main exploration method,VLF method,IP and TEM for some stations for the long deep-lying tunnel with a length of 20 km in west route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project.The exploration results with these four geophysical methods are introduced.According to the geophysical and engineering geological exploration results,the geological structure characteristics for the surrounding rock of the long deep-lying tunnel are interpreted;and the faults,fractures and some anomalies that may cause danger to the tunnel construction are explained.
Geophysical exploration is conducted with controlled source audio magnetic telluric(CSAMT) method which is the main exploration method,VLF method,IP and TEM for some stations for the long deep-lying tunnel with a length of 20 km in west route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project.The exploration results with these four geophysical methods are introduced.According to the geophysical and engineering geological exploration results,the geological structure characteristics for the surrounding rock of the long deep-lying tunnel are interpreted;and the faults,fractures and some anomalies that may cause danger to the tunnel construction are explained.
引文
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[19]何继善.可控源音频大地电磁法[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1990.(He Jishan.Controlled Source Audio-frequency Magnetotellurics Method[M].Changsha:Central South University of Technology Press,1990.(in Chinese))
[20]Yamashita M,Hallof P G,Pelton W H.CSAMT case histories with a multichannel CSAMT system and near-field data correction[A].In:Proc.55th SEG Annual Convention[C].Calgary,Canada[:s.n.],1985.276–278.
[21]MacInner S C.Lateral effects in controlled source audiomag-netotellurics[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Tucson,USA:University of Arizona,1987.
[22]徐世浙,赵生凯.地形对大地电磁勘探的影响[J].西北地震学报,1985,7(4):69–78.(Xu Shizhe,Zhao Shengkai.Topographil effect on MT exploration[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,1985,7(4):69–78.(in Chinese))
[23]Jiracek G R.Near surface and topographic distortions in electromagnetic induction[J].Surveys in Geophysics,1990,11(2/3):163–203.
[24]Takeshhi K.Addenda to the paper“topographic effect in resistivity prospecting[”J].Geophysical Exploration(Butsuri-Tansa),1953,6(1):51–54.
[25]Boerner D E,Kurtz R D,Jones A G.Orthogonality in CSAMT and MT measurements[J].Geophysics,1993,58(7):924–934.
[26]Stephen J,Gokarn S G,Manoj C,et al.Effects of galvanic distortions on magnetotelluric data:interpretation and its correction using deep electrical data[J].Earth Planet.Sci.,1993,112(1):27–36.
[27]Sasaki Y,Yoshihiro Y,Matsuo K.Resistivity imaging of controlled-source audiofrequency magnetotelluric dada[J].Geophysics,1992,57(7):952–955.
[28]Routh P S,Oldenburg D W.Inversion of controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric data for a horizontallylayered earth[J].Geophysics,1999,64(6):1 689–1 697.
[29]Lu X,Unsworth M,Booker J R.Rapid relaxation inversion of CSAMT data[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1999,138(2):381–392.
[30]Badea E A,Evertt M E,Newman G A,et al.Finite-element analysis of controlled-sourc electromagnetic induction using Coulomb-gauged potentials[J].Geophysics,2001,66(3):786–799.
[2]McCaffrey R J,McElroy W J,Leslie G A.Exploration of a ligniter-bearing basin in Northern Ireland using ground magnetic and VLF-EM methods[J].Geophysics,1995,60(2):408–412.
[3]史保连.甚低频电磁法及其在岩溶地区的应用[J].物探与化探,1982,6(4):237–246.(Shi Baolian.The VLF-EM method and its application to karst terrain[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1982,6(4):237–246.(in Chinese))
[4]张文居,赵其华,沈军辉,等.甚低频电磁法确定覆盖层厚度的原理及应用[J].西北水电,2004,(1):9–11.(Zhang Wenju,Zhao Qihua,Shen Junhui,et al.Principle and application of the VLF electromagnetic method to determine overburden thickness[J].Northwest Water Power,2004,(1):9–11.(in Chinese))
[5]Di Q Y,Wang M Y,Shi K F,et al.CSAMT research survey for preventing water-bursting disaster in mining[A].In:Proceedings of the 106th SEGJ Conference[C].Tokyo:Society of Exploration Geophysicists of Japan,2002.43–49.
[6]Zonge K L,Ostrander A G,Emer D F.Controlled-source audiofrequency magnetotelluric measurements[A].In:Vozoff K ed.Magnetotelluric Methods[C].Tulsa,USA:Soc.Expl.Geophys Geophysics(Series 5),1986.749–763.
[7]Basokur A T,Rasmussen T M,Kaya C,et al.Comparison of induced-polarisation and controlled-source audio-magnctotellurics methods for massive chalcopyrite exploration in a volcanic area[J].Geophysics,1997,62(4):1 087–1 096.
[8]Sandberg S K,Hohmann G W.Controlled-source audio-magnetotellurics in geothermal exploration[J].Geophysics,1982,47(1):100–116.
[9]底青云,王妙月,石昆法,等.高分辩V6系统在矿山顶板涌水隐患中的应用研究[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(5):744–748.(Di Qingyun,Wang Miaoyue,Shi Kunfa,et al.An applied study on prevention of water bursting disaster in mines with the high resolution V6 system[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2002,45(5):744–748.(in Chinese))
[10]吴璐萍,石昆法,李荫槐,等.可控源音频大地电磁法在地下水勘查中的应用研究[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(5):712–717.(Wu Luping,Shi Kunfa,Li Yinhuai,et al.Application of CSAMT to the search for groundwater[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1996,39(5):712–717.(in Chinese))
[11]Wannamaker P E.Tensor CSAMT survey over the Sulphur Springs thermal area,Valles Caldera,New Mexico,USA,Part II:mplications for structure of the western equations[J].Geophysics,1997,62(4):451–465.
[12]Batrel L C,Jacobson R D.Results of a controlled-source audiofrequency magnetotelluric survey at the Puhimau thermal area,Kilauea Volcano,Hawaii[J].Geophysics,1987,52(4):665–677.
[13]Boerner D E,Wright J A,Thurlow J G,et al.Tensor CSAMT studies at the Buchans Mine in central Newfoundland[J].Geophysics,1993,58(1):12–19.
[14]Zonge K L,Hughes L J.Controlled source audio-frequency magnetotellurics[A].In:Nabighian M N ed.Electromagnetic Methods in Applied Geophysics[C].USA:Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Tulsa,1991.713–809.
[15]刘国栋.我国大地电磁测深的发展[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(增l):301–310.(Liu Guodong.Development of magnetotelluric method in China[J].ACTA Geophysica Sinica,1994,37(Supp.l):301–310.(in Chinese))
[16]张赛珍,王庆乙,罗延钟.中国电法勘探发展概况[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(增l):425–428.(Zhang Saizhen,Wang Qingyi,Luo Yanzhong.In overview on the development of the electrical prospecting method in China[J].ACTA Geophysica Sinica,1994,37(Supp.l):425–428.(in Chinese))
[17]何继善.电法勘探的发展和展望[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(增l):308–316.37(He Jishan.Development and prospect of electrical prospecting method[J].ACTA Geophysica Sinica,1997,40(Supp.l):308–316.(in Chinese))
[18]石昆法.可控源音频大地电磁法理论与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.(Shi Kunfa.The Theory and Application of CSAMT Method[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[19]何继善.可控源音频大地电磁法[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1990.(He Jishan.Controlled Source Audio-frequency Magnetotellurics Method[M].Changsha:Central South University of Technology Press,1990.(in Chinese))
[20]Yamashita M,Hallof P G,Pelton W H.CSAMT case histories with a multichannel CSAMT system and near-field data correction[A].In:Proc.55th SEG Annual Convention[C].Calgary,Canada[:s.n.],1985.276–278.
[21]MacInner S C.Lateral effects in controlled source audiomag-netotellurics[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Tucson,USA:University of Arizona,1987.
[22]徐世浙,赵生凯.地形对大地电磁勘探的影响[J].西北地震学报,1985,7(4):69–78.(Xu Shizhe,Zhao Shengkai.Topographil effect on MT exploration[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,1985,7(4):69–78.(in Chinese))
[23]Jiracek G R.Near surface and topographic distortions in electromagnetic induction[J].Surveys in Geophysics,1990,11(2/3):163–203.
[24]Takeshhi K.Addenda to the paper“topographic effect in resistivity prospecting[”J].Geophysical Exploration(Butsuri-Tansa),1953,6(1):51–54.
[25]Boerner D E,Kurtz R D,Jones A G.Orthogonality in CSAMT and MT measurements[J].Geophysics,1993,58(7):924–934.
[26]Stephen J,Gokarn S G,Manoj C,et al.Effects of galvanic distortions on magnetotelluric data:interpretation and its correction using deep electrical data[J].Earth Planet.Sci.,1993,112(1):27–36.
[27]Sasaki Y,Yoshihiro Y,Matsuo K.Resistivity imaging of controlled-source audiofrequency magnetotelluric dada[J].Geophysics,1992,57(7):952–955.
[28]Routh P S,Oldenburg D W.Inversion of controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric data for a horizontallylayered earth[J].Geophysics,1999,64(6):1 689–1 697.
[29]Lu X,Unsworth M,Booker J R.Rapid relaxation inversion of CSAMT data[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1999,138(2):381–392.
[30]Badea E A,Evertt M E,Newman G A,et al.Finite-element analysis of controlled-sourc electromagnetic induction using Coulomb-gauged potentials[J].Geophysics,2001,66(3):786–799.
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