温压条件下孔洞储层的地震波响应特征
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摘要
针对储层(特别是碳酸岩储层)中大量发育的孔洞,提出了孔洞储层研究的物理模型模拟方法。在温压条件下测试了孔洞模型的地震波特征响应,分析了孔洞储层特征的变化对地震波属性参数的影响。测试结果表明:孔洞密度、围压、温度和含流体的变化对地震波的速度、振幅、衰减、主频和主振幅等属性参数影响较大;温压等条件的不同,孔洞密度引起的地震波特征响应程度不同;孔洞密度的变化对地震波动力学特征参数(振幅、衰减等)的影响远远大于对运动学特征(速度等)的影响。这为利用地震波的振幅、衰减等属性参数进行储层中孔洞分布和发育程度的检测提供了可靠的实验依据。
In face of a great deal of developing pore and cave in reservoir (especially in carbonate reservoir), the paper presented simulation method of physical model for studying pore and cave reservoir. The feature of seismic wave for pore and cave reservoir was tested in conditions of temperature and pressure, analyzed the influence of feature variation of pore and cave reservoir on parameters of seismic wave attributes. The tested results showed that the variation of density of pore and cave, confining pressure, temperature and fluid content has larger impact on such attribute parameters as velocity, amplitude, attenuation, dominant frequency and amplitude of seismic waves; the response of seismic wave feature arisen from density of pore and cave is different when the conditions of temperature and pressure are different; the influence of variation of pore and cave on dynamic feature of seismic waves (amplitude and attenuation etc) is far greater than that on kinematical feature (velocity etc), which provides reliable experimental foundation for using such attribute parameters as amplitude and attenuation of seismic waves to carry out detection of developing situation and distribution of pore and cave in reservoir.
In face of a great deal of developing pore and cave in reservoir (especially in carbonate reservoir), the paper presented simulation method of physical model for studying pore and cave reservoir. The feature of seismic wave for pore and cave reservoir was tested in conditions of temperature and pressure, analyzed the influence of feature variation of pore and cave reservoir on parameters of seismic wave attributes. The tested results showed that the variation of density of pore and cave, confining pressure, temperature and fluid content has larger impact on such attribute parameters as velocity, amplitude, attenuation, dominant frequency and amplitude of seismic waves; the response of seismic wave feature arisen from density of pore and cave is different when the conditions of temperature and pressure are different; the influence of variation of pore and cave on dynamic feature of seismic waves (amplitude and attenuation etc) is far greater than that on kinematical feature (velocity etc), which provides reliable experimental foundation for using such attribute parameters as amplitude and attenuation of seismic waves to carry out detection of developing situation and distribution of pore and cave in reservoir.
引文
[1]贺振华,黄德济,胡光岷等.复杂油气藏地震波场特征方法理论及应用.成都:四川科学技术出版社,1999
[2]Crampin S.Evaluation of anisotropy by shear-wavesplitting.Geophysics,1985,50(1):142~152
[3]Tatham R Het al.横波分裂和裂隙强度的一种物理模型研究.美国勘探地球物理学家学会第57届年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1989,249~252
[4]Johnson J V,Tatham R H,McDonald J Aet al.裂缝引起横波各向异性的物理模拟.美国勘探地球物理学家学会第59届年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1991,430~433
[5]Cheadle S B,Brown RJ,Lawton D C.正交各向异性:多组分物理模型研究.美国勘探地球物理学家学会第60届年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1992,587~592
[6]张帆,贺振华,黄德济等.储层裂隙波场特征物理模型实验研究.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(6):676~681
[7]贺振华,李亚林,张帆等.定向裂缝对地震波速度和振幅影响的比较——实验结果分析.物探化探计算技术,2001,23(1):1~5
[8]郝守玲,赵群,周正仁等.EDA介质的P波方位各向异性——物理模型研究.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊2):54~62
[9]魏建新.不同裂缝密度的物理模型研究.石油物探,2002,41(4):433~438
[10]李剑峰,赵群,郝守玲等.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层缝洞系统的物理模拟研究.石油物探,2005,44(5):428~432
[11]赵鸿儒,唐文榜,郭铁栓.超声地震模型试验技术及应用.北京:石油工业出版社,1986
[12]牟永光.三维复杂介质地震物理模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2003
[13]陈颙,黄庭芳.岩石物理学.北京:北京大学出版社,2001,71~72
[2]Crampin S.Evaluation of anisotropy by shear-wavesplitting.Geophysics,1985,50(1):142~152
[3]Tatham R Het al.横波分裂和裂隙强度的一种物理模型研究.美国勘探地球物理学家学会第57届年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1989,249~252
[4]Johnson J V,Tatham R H,McDonald J Aet al.裂缝引起横波各向异性的物理模拟.美国勘探地球物理学家学会第59届年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1991,430~433
[5]Cheadle S B,Brown RJ,Lawton D C.正交各向异性:多组分物理模型研究.美国勘探地球物理学家学会第60届年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1992,587~592
[6]张帆,贺振华,黄德济等.储层裂隙波场特征物理模型实验研究.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(6):676~681
[7]贺振华,李亚林,张帆等.定向裂缝对地震波速度和振幅影响的比较——实验结果分析.物探化探计算技术,2001,23(1):1~5
[8]郝守玲,赵群,周正仁等.EDA介质的P波方位各向异性——物理模型研究.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊2):54~62
[9]魏建新.不同裂缝密度的物理模型研究.石油物探,2002,41(4):433~438
[10]李剑峰,赵群,郝守玲等.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层缝洞系统的物理模拟研究.石油物探,2005,44(5):428~432
[11]赵鸿儒,唐文榜,郭铁栓.超声地震模型试验技术及应用.北京:石油工业出版社,1986
[12]牟永光.三维复杂介质地震物理模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2003
[13]陈颙,黄庭芳.岩石物理学.北京:北京大学出版社,2001,71~72
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