黄海及其邻近地区的Pn波速度与各向异性
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摘要
利用中国东部地震台网和ISC报告1980～2004年的地震走时数据,反演了黄海及其邻近地区的Pn波速度和各向异性,根据岩石层地幔的横向非均匀性分析了区域地质构造的深部特点.Pn波速度的变化与区域地质构造有一定的对应关系,黄海地区上地幔顶部的P波平均速度较高,没有发现明显的低速异常,表明上地幔顶部不存在大范围的地幔扰动.速度异常的分布表明,南黄海东部和西部有可能分属于不同的构造块体,其间的分界大致对应于南北走向的黄海东部断裂带,具有相对较低的Pn波速度.边界东、西两侧的Pn波各向异性存在明显的差异:南黄海西部Pn波的快波方向以北东—北北东方向为主,反映了海区内部扬子块体向北运动产生的构造变形;南黄海东部Pn波的快波方向为南北方向,与黄海东部断裂带的走向基本一致,说明黄海东部和西部之间存在一个深达岩石层地幔的南北向转换边界.结合相关资料估计黄海东部断裂带在中生代时期发生了右旋走滑运动,以响应中国东部郯庐断裂带的大规模左旋剪切以及南黄海扬子块体的向北嵌入.
Using arrival times from seismic stations in eastern China and the ISC earthquake report during 1980~2004,we inverted Pn wave velocity and anisotropy beneath the Yellow Sea and adjacent region.Deep features of regional geology and tectonics were discussed on the basis of lateral heterogeneity of uppermost mantle.Pn velocity variations are correlated with regional geological tectonics.Averagely,the uppermost mantle beneath the Yellow Sea region has fast Pn velocities,which implies a lack of apparent thermal activity in the upper mantle.Separated Pn velocity anomalies in the western and eastern Yellow Sea regions indicate that they are attributed to different tectonic blocks,and between these two regions there is a relatively slow Pn velocity zone,roughly corresponding to the N-S oriented eastern Yellow Sea fault zone.Moreover,strong anisotropy is observed in the eastern and western Yellow Sea regions.Pn anisotropy in the west shows an NE or NNE oriented fast direction,reflecting the tectonic deformation caused by the northward motion of the Yangtze block in marine areas.However,the fast direction of Pn anisotropy in the east is N-S oriented,parallel to the eastern Yellow Sea fault zone.It suggests an N-S oriented transform boundary in the uppermost mantle between the western and eastern Yellow Sea.We infer that the eastern Yellow Sea fault zone had a dextral shearing in Mesozoic time,responding to a large scale sinistral shearing of the Tanlu fault zone in eastern China and the northward motion of the Yangtze block in the southern Yellow Sea.
Using arrival times from seismic stations in eastern China and the ISC earthquake report during 1980~2004,we inverted Pn wave velocity and anisotropy beneath the Yellow Sea and adjacent region.Deep features of regional geology and tectonics were discussed on the basis of lateral heterogeneity of uppermost mantle.Pn velocity variations are correlated with regional geological tectonics.Averagely,the uppermost mantle beneath the Yellow Sea region has fast Pn velocities,which implies a lack of apparent thermal activity in the upper mantle.Separated Pn velocity anomalies in the western and eastern Yellow Sea regions indicate that they are attributed to different tectonic blocks,and between these two regions there is a relatively slow Pn velocity zone,roughly corresponding to the N-S oriented eastern Yellow Sea fault zone.Moreover,strong anisotropy is observed in the eastern and western Yellow Sea regions.Pn anisotropy in the west shows an NE or NNE oriented fast direction,reflecting the tectonic deformation caused by the northward motion of the Yangtze block in marine areas.However,the fast direction of Pn anisotropy in the east is N-S oriented,parallel to the eastern Yellow Sea fault zone.It suggests an N-S oriented transform boundary in the uppermost mantle between the western and eastern Yellow Sea.We infer that the eastern Yellow Sea fault zone had a dextral shearing in Mesozoic time,responding to a large scale sinistral shearing of the Tanlu fault zone in eastern China and the northward motion of the Yangtze block in the southern Yellow Sea.
引文
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[21]杨树春,胡圣标,蔡东升等.南黄海南部地温场特征及热-构造演化.科学通报,2003,48(14):1564～1569Yang S C,Hu S B,Cai D S,et al.Geothermal field and thermo-tectonic evolution in Southern South Yellow Sea.Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(22):2466～2471
[22]Yang S C,Hu S B,Cai D S,et al.Present-day heat flow,thermal history and tectonic subsidence of the East China Sea Basin.Marine and Petroleum Geology,2004,21:1095～1105
[23]He L,Wang K,Xiang L,et al.Heat flow and thermal history of the South China Sea.Phys.Earth Planet.Int.2001,126:211～220
[24]Min K,Cho M.Metamorphic evolution of the northwestern Ogcheon metamorphic belt,South Korea.Lithos,1998,43:31～51
[25]万天丰.中朝与扬子板块的鉴别特征.地质论评,2001,47(1):57～63Wan T F.Distinctive characteristics of Sino-Korean and Yangtze plates.Geological Review(in Chinese),2001,47(1):57～63
[26]Zhao X X,Coe R S,Chang K H,et al.Clockwise rotations recorded in Early Cretaceous rocks of South Korea:implications for tectonic affinity between the Korean Peninsula and North China.Geophys.J.Int.,1999,139:447～463
[27]Xu J,Zhu G.Tectonic models of the Tanlu fault zone,eastern China.Int.Geol.Rev.,1994,36:771～784
[2]蔡乾忠.中国东部与朝鲜大地构造单元对应划分.海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(1):7～24Cai Q Z.Corresponding division of the geotectonic units of eastern China and Korea.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),1995,15(1):7～24
[3]郭玉贵,王红霞.试论秦岭—大别山—胶南隆起—临津江褶皱带及其周缘地区的大地构造属性.海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(2):49～59Guo Y G,Wang H X.Essay on the tectonics attribute of Qinling-Dabie mountain-Jioanan uplift-Rimjingang fold belt and adjacent regions.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),1995,15(2):49～59
[4]Ernst WG,Liou J G.Contrasting platetectonic styles of the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu and Franciscan metamorphic belts.Geology,1995,23:353～356
[5]Ree J H,Cho M,Kwon S T,et al.Possible eastward extension of Chinese collision belt in South Korea:The Imjingang belt.Geology,1996,24:1071～1074
[6]张文佑.中国海区及邻域海陆大地构造.北京:科学出版社,1986,575Zhang W Y.Marine and Continental Tectonics in China Seas and Adjacent Regions(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1986.575
[7]Teraoka Y,Suzuki M,Kawakami K.Provenance of Cretaceous and Paleogene Sediments in the Median Zone of Southwest Japan.Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan,1998,49:395～411
[8]Ishi watari A,Tsujimori T.Paleozoic ophiolites and blueschists in Japan and Russian Primorye in the tectonic framework of East Asia:A synthesis.The Island Arc,2003,12:190～206
[9]Lee K S,Chang H W,Park K H.Neoproterozoic bimodal volcanism in the central Ogcheon belt,Korea:Age and tectonicimplication.Precambrian Research,1998,89:47～57
[10]郝天珧,SUH Mancheol,王谦身等.根据重力数据研究黄海周边断裂带在海区的延伸.地球物理学报,2002,45(3):385～397Hao T Y,Suh M,Wang Q S,et al.A study on the extension of fault zones in Yellow Sea and its adjacent areas based on gravity data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(3):385～397
[11]王谦身,刘建华,郝天珧等.南黄海南部与东海北部之间的深部构造.地球物理学进展,2003,18(2):276～282Wang QS,Liu J H,Hao T Y,et al.Deeptectonics between South Yellow Sea and North East China Sea.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2003,18(2):276～282
[12]胥颐,刘建华,郝天珧等.中国东部海域及邻区岩石层地幔的P波速度结构与构造分析,地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1053～1061Xu Y,Liu J H,Hao T Y,et al.P wave velocity structure and tectonics analysis of lithospheric mantle in eastern China seas and adjacent regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1053～1061
[13]郑月军,黄忠贤,刘福田等.中国东部海域地壳上地幔瑞利波速度结构研究.地球物理学报,2000,43(4):480～487Zheng Y J,Huang Z X,Liu F T,et al.Rayleigh wave velocity and structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the seas in eastern China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(4):480～487
[14]Pasyanos ME,Walter WR.Asurface wave dispersion study of the Yellow Sea and Korean Peninsula.American Geophysical Union,Fall Meeting2002,abstract J HJS51B～1051
[15]Hearn T M.Anisotropic Pn tomography in the western United States.J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101(B4):8403～8414
[16]Wang S Y,Hearn T M,Xu Z H,et al.Velocity structure of uppermost mantle beneath China continent from Pn tomography.Science in China(Series D),2002,45(2):143～150
[17]Liang C,Song X D,Huang J L.Tomographic inversion of Pn travel times in China.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109,B11304,doi:10.1029/2003JB002789
[18]Hearn T M,Wang S,Ni J F,et al.Uppermost mantle velocities beneath China and surrounding regions.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109(B11301),doi:10.1029/2003JB002874.
[19]Laske G,Masters G,Reif C.Crust2.0:a newglobal crustal model at2×2degrees,http://mahi.ucsd.edu/Gabi/rem.dir/crust2.ht ml
[20]汪素云,许忠淮,裴顺平.华北地区上地幔顶部的Pn波速度结构及其构造含义.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):91～98Wang S Y,Xu Z H,Pei S P.Pn wave velocity structure at the uppermost mantle of the northern China and its tectonic implication.Sciencein China(Series D)(in Chinese),2003,33(Suppl.):91～98
[21]杨树春,胡圣标,蔡东升等.南黄海南部地温场特征及热-构造演化.科学通报,2003,48(14):1564～1569Yang S C,Hu S B,Cai D S,et al.Geothermal field and thermo-tectonic evolution in Southern South Yellow Sea.Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(22):2466～2471
[22]Yang S C,Hu S B,Cai D S,et al.Present-day heat flow,thermal history and tectonic subsidence of the East China Sea Basin.Marine and Petroleum Geology,2004,21:1095～1105
[23]He L,Wang K,Xiang L,et al.Heat flow and thermal history of the South China Sea.Phys.Earth Planet.Int.2001,126:211～220
[24]Min K,Cho M.Metamorphic evolution of the northwestern Ogcheon metamorphic belt,South Korea.Lithos,1998,43:31～51
[25]万天丰.中朝与扬子板块的鉴别特征.地质论评,2001,47(1):57～63Wan T F.Distinctive characteristics of Sino-Korean and Yangtze plates.Geological Review(in Chinese),2001,47(1):57～63
[26]Zhao X X,Coe R S,Chang K H,et al.Clockwise rotations recorded in Early Cretaceous rocks of South Korea:implications for tectonic affinity between the Korean Peninsula and North China.Geophys.J.Int.,1999,139:447～463
[27]Xu J,Zhu G.Tectonic models of the Tanlu fault zone,eastern China.Int.Geol.Rev.,1994,36:771～784
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