强震作用下地铁车站结构损伤破坏的三维非线性动力分析
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摘要
为了研究地铁车站结构在强震作用下的动力响应及破坏机理,基于混凝土损伤塑性模型、岩土扩展的Drucker-Prager模型、土-结构相互作用以及人工边界等相关理论,利用ABAQUS软件建立了强震作用下地铁车站的动态响应与损伤破坏的二维、三维精细化非线性有限元分析模型,并对柱端设置隔震器的地铁车站结构进行了三维非线性动力分析.分析结果表明:所建立的有限元分析模型能较好地反映强震荷载作用下钢筋混凝土结构的动力特性以及土-地下结构之间相互作用,适用于地下结构抗震分析;三维有限元模型的分析结果比二维有限元模型的分析结果更为准确地反映强震作用下地下结构的破坏特性,并与现场观测的破坏形态具有较好的一致性;碟形弹簧和铅芯橡胶构成的三维隔震支座具有较大的竖向刚度和抵抗侧向变形能力,在地铁车站中柱端部设置隔震支座可以大幅减小中柱的变形及损伤破坏程度.
In order to investigate the dynamic response and the failure mechanism of metro-station structures under strong seismic loading,a two-dimensional(2D) and a three-dimensional(3D) nonlinear finite element models of the Daikai subway station during Kobe earthquake were established based on damaged plasticity model for concrete,extended Drucker-Prager model for soil,soil-underground structure interaction theory and artificial boundary theory.The 3D nonlinear responses of the Daikai subway station with isolators fixed at the column ends subjected to seismic loading were also analyzed.The results show that:(1) the finite element models established in this paper can describe the dynamic properties of the reinforced concrete structure and the dynamic interaction of soil-underground structure properly;(2) the 3D numerical results agree well with the in situ observations by comparison of the numerical results of the 2D and 3D models,and the failure mode of the column in the metro-station structure under seismic loading can not be predicted precisely by the 2D analysis;(3) the 3D shock isolator,composed of dish spring and lead rubber beading,has a rather large vertical stiffness and good resistance to lateral deformation,and consequently can markedly reduce the deformation and damage of the column when fixed at the ends of the column.
In order to investigate the dynamic response and the failure mechanism of metro-station structures under strong seismic loading,a two-dimensional(2D) and a three-dimensional(3D) nonlinear finite element models of the Daikai subway station during Kobe earthquake were established based on damaged plasticity model for concrete,extended Drucker-Prager model for soil,soil-underground structure interaction theory and artificial boundary theory.The 3D nonlinear responses of the Daikai subway station with isolators fixed at the column ends subjected to seismic loading were also analyzed.The results show that:(1) the finite element models established in this paper can describe the dynamic properties of the reinforced concrete structure and the dynamic interaction of soil-underground structure properly;(2) the 3D numerical results agree well with the in situ observations by comparison of the numerical results of the 2D and 3D models,and the failure mode of the column in the metro-station structure under seismic loading can not be predicted precisely by the 2D analysis;(3) the 3D shock isolator,composed of dish spring and lead rubber beading,has a rather large vertical stiffness and good resistance to lateral deformation,and consequently can markedly reduce the deformation and damage of the column when fixed at the ends of the column.
引文
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[11]方秦,还毅,张亚栋,等.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型的静力性能分析[J].解放军理工大学学报:自然科学版,2007,8(3):254-260.FANG Qin,HUAN Yi,ZHANG Ya-dong,et al.Investigation into static properties of damaged plasticity model for concretein ABAQUS[J].Journal of Pla University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2007,8(3):254-260.(inChinese)
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[13]GOPALARATNAM V S,SHAH S P.Softening response of plain concrete in direct tension[J].ACI,1985,82(3):310-323.
[14]Analysis user’s manual of ABAQUS 6.6 VolumeⅢ:Materials[M].American:ABAQUS Inc.,2007:899-906.
[15]杜修力.工程波动理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:280-342.
[16]赵建锋.考虑土-结构动力相互作用和多点输入的桥梁非线性地震响应分析[D].北京工业大学建筑工程学院,2007.ZHAO Jian-feng.Analysis of nonlinear seismic response of bridge accounting for SSI and multiple excitation[D].College ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,2007.(in Chinese)
[17]KELLY J M.Earthquake resistant design with rubber[M].2nd ed.London:Springer Verlag,1997:88-96.
[18]周锡元,韩淼,曾德民,等.具有软着陆保护的橡胶支座隔震体系[J].建筑结构学报,2000,21(5):1-9.ZHOU Xi-yuan,HAN Miao,ZENG De-min,et al.Rubber bearing isolation system with soft landing protection[J].Journalof Building Structures,2000,21(5):1-9.(in Chinese)
[19]王曙光.高层建筑隔震设计方法研究与应用及装置产业化开发[R].南京:南京工业大学,2008:72-80.
[2]HUO Hong-bin,BOBET A.Seismic design of cut and cover rectangular tunnels-evaluation of observed behavior of Dakaistation during Kobe earthquake,1995[C]∥Proceedings of 1st World Forum of Chinese Scholars in Geotechnical Engineering.Shanghai:Tongji University,2003:456-466.
[3]AN X H,SHAWKY A A,MAEKAWA K.The collapse mechanism of a subway station during the great hanshin earthquake[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,1997,19(3):241-257.
[4]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2005,45(6):757-760.LIU Jing-bo,LI Bin,GU Yin.Seismic response analysis of shielded subway tunnels[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology,2005,45(6):757-760.(in Chinese)
[5]李彬,刘晶波,尹骁.双层地铁车站的强地震反应分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(5):779-782.LI Bin,LIU Jing-bo,YIN Xiao.Seismic response analysis of double-deck subway station[J].Chinese Journal of UndergroundSpace and Engineering,2005,1(5):779-782.(in Chinese)
[6]庄海洋,陈国兴,胡晓明.两层双柱岛式地铁车站结构水平向非线性地震反应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊1):3075-3079.ZHUANG Hai-yang,CHEN Guo-xing,HU Xiao-ming.Analysis of nonlinear earthquake response of two-layer double-columnsubway station structure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(supp 1):3075-3079.(inChinese)
[7]庄海洋,陈国兴.双洞单轨地铁区间隧道非线性地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(2):131-137.ZHUANG Hai-yang,CHEN Guo-xing.Analysis of nonlinear earthquake response of metro double-tunnels[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(2):131-137.(in Chinese)
[8]曹炳政,罗奇峰,马硕,等.神户大开地铁车站的地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):102-107.CAO Bing-zheng,LUO Qi-feng,MA Shuo,et al.Seismic response analysis of Dakai subway station in Hyogoken-Nanbuearthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(4):102-107.(in Chinese)
[9]陈国兴.岩土地震工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:550-599.
[10]刘晶波,刘祥庆,杜修力.地下结构抗震理论分析与试验研究的发展展望[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(6):38-46.LIU Jing-bo,LIU Xiang-qing,DU Xiu-li.Prospects for the development in theoretical analysis and experimental study ofseismic response of underground structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(6):38-46.(in Chinese)
[11]方秦,还毅,张亚栋,等.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型的静力性能分析[J].解放军理工大学学报:自然科学版,2007,8(3):254-260.FANG Qin,HUAN Yi,ZHANG Ya-dong,et al.Investigation into static properties of damaged plasticity model for concretein ABAQUS[J].Journal of Pla University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2007,8(3):254-260.(inChinese)
[12]KARSAN I D,JIRSA J O.Behavior of concrete under compressive loadings[J].Journal of the Structural Division,1969,95(12):2543-2563.
[13]GOPALARATNAM V S,SHAH S P.Softening response of plain concrete in direct tension[J].ACI,1985,82(3):310-323.
[14]Analysis user’s manual of ABAQUS 6.6 VolumeⅢ:Materials[M].American:ABAQUS Inc.,2007:899-906.
[15]杜修力.工程波动理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:280-342.
[16]赵建锋.考虑土-结构动力相互作用和多点输入的桥梁非线性地震响应分析[D].北京工业大学建筑工程学院,2007.ZHAO Jian-feng.Analysis of nonlinear seismic response of bridge accounting for SSI and multiple excitation[D].College ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,2007.(in Chinese)
[17]KELLY J M.Earthquake resistant design with rubber[M].2nd ed.London:Springer Verlag,1997:88-96.
[18]周锡元,韩淼,曾德民,等.具有软着陆保护的橡胶支座隔震体系[J].建筑结构学报,2000,21(5):1-9.ZHOU Xi-yuan,HAN Miao,ZENG De-min,et al.Rubber bearing isolation system with soft landing protection[J].Journalof Building Structures,2000,21(5):1-9.(in Chinese)
[19]王曙光.高层建筑隔震设计方法研究与应用及装置产业化开发[R].南京:南京工业大学,2008:72-80.
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