汶川Ms8.0地震前电离层TEC异常分析
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摘要
基于中国地壳运动观测网络的GPS观测数据,解算得到了汶川Ms8.0地震前中国区域上空电离层TEC分布图。用两种方法的研究显示,在相同时间和空间电离层TEC存在显著的异常扰动,即震前1～6天(除5月9日电离层TEC出现异常增加外)时间内多次出现显著的TEC异常减少,而且电离层TEC的异常驼峰有向磁赤道漂移的趋势,由于距离发震时刻较近,排除其他因素后认为该异常可能源于汶川Ms8.0地震引起的电离层效应。
An Ms8.0 earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan province on May 12th 2008 and had resulted in severe damage.On the basis of the GPS observation data from the reference stations of Crustal Movement Observational Network of China,the continuous 31day TEC values over whole China were computed,examined and compared with two statistical analysis method,both the results showed that the ionospheric TEC anomaly did exist 1-6 days prior to the earthquake in the region,the apparent anomalous reduction of TEC occurred on most of these days except the May 9th on which the TEC value anomalously increase evidently,and it was also shown that the anomalous crest of the TEC moved toward equator.Seeing the time was close to the moment when the earthquake occurred,it can be concluded that the existent ionospheric anomaly is possibly related to the earthquake after excluding all the other possible factors.
An Ms8.0 earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan province on May 12th 2008 and had resulted in severe damage.On the basis of the GPS observation data from the reference stations of Crustal Movement Observational Network of China,the continuous 31day TEC values over whole China were computed,examined and compared with two statistical analysis method,both the results showed that the ionospheric TEC anomaly did exist 1-6 days prior to the earthquake in the region,the apparent anomalous reduction of TEC occurred on most of these days except the May 9th on which the TEC value anomalously increase evidently,and it was also shown that the anomalous crest of the TEC moved toward equator.Seeing the time was close to the moment when the earthquake occurred,it can be concluded that the existent ionospheric anomaly is possibly related to the earthquake after excluding all the other possible factors.
引文
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8杨剑,吴云,周义炎.利用GPS无线电掩星数据研究震前电离层异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,28(1):16-22.8Yang Jian,Wu Yun and Zhou Yiyan.Research on seismo-i-onospheric anomalies using GPS radio occultation data[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008,28(2):16-22.(in Chinese)
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10Leonard R S and Barnes R A.Observation of ionospheric disturbances following the Alaska earthquake[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1965,70(5):1250-1253.
11Calais E M.GPS detection of ionospheric TEC perturba-tions following the January17,1994,Northirdge earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett,1995,22:1045-1048.
12Zaslavski Y,Parrot M and Blance E.Analysis of VTEC measurements above active seismic regions[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Int,1998,105:219-228.
13Pulinets S A.Strong earthquakes prediction possibility with the help of topside sounding from satellites[J].Advances in Space Research,1998,21(3):455-458.
14Liu J Y,et al.Seismo-ionospheric signature prior toM≥6.0Taiwan earthquakes[J].Geophysic Research Letters,2000,27(19):3113-3116.
15Silina A S,et al.Seismo-ionospheric phenomena before strong earthquakes[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2001,1:113-118.
16Chuo Y J,et al.The anomalies in the prior toM6.0Tai-wan earthquakes[A].Seismo Electromagnetic:Litho-sphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling[C].Tokyo:Terra Scientific Publishing Compary,2002,309-312.
17Pulinets S A.Ionospheric precursors of earthquakes;recent advances in theory and practical applications[J].TAO,2004,15(3):413-415.
18Pulinets S A,et al.Main phenomenological features of ion-ospheric precursors of strong earthquakes[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2003,65:1337-1347.
19Sorokina V M,Chmyrevb V M and Yaschenko A K.Theo-retical model of DC electric field formation in the iono-sphere stimulated by seismic activity[J].Journal of Atmos-pheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2005,67:1259-1268.
20Wilson B D,et al.Subdaily northern hemisphere ionospheric maps using an extensive network of GPS receivers[J].Ra-dio Science,1999,30:639.
21Yuan Y B and Ou J K.Preliminary results and analyses of using IGS GPS data to determine global ionospheric TEC[J].Progress in Natural Science,2003,13(8):446.
22Pulinets S A..Seismic activity as a source of the ionospher-ic variability[J].Adv.Space Research,1998,22(6):903-906.
23Kim VP and Hegai VV.Apossible presage of strong earth-quake in the night-time mid-latitude region ionosphere[A].Atmospheric and Ionospheric Electromagnetic Phe-nomena associated with Earthquakes[C].Tokyo:Terra Scientific Publishing Company,1999:619-627.
2Ondoh T.Seismic-ionosphere effects[A].Atmospheric and I-onospheric Electromagnetic Phenomena associated with Earthquakes[C].Tokyo:Terra Scientific Publishing Com-pany,1999:789-803.
3Liu J Y,et al.Pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies regis-tered by continuous GPS TEC measurements[J].Annales Geophysicae,2004,22:1585-1593.
4丁鉴海,索玉成,余素荣.地磁场与电离层异常现象及其与地震的关系[J].空间科学学报,2005,25(6):536-542.4Ding Jianhai,Suo Yucheng and Yu Surong.Phenomena of geomagnetic and ionospheric anom alies and their relation to earthquakes[J].Chin.J.Space Sci.,2005,25(6):536-542.(in Chinese)
5张强,等.震前电离层TEC异常分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(3):91-96.5Zhang Qiang,et al.On Ionospheric TEC anomaly befor earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2007,27(3):91-96.(in Chinese)
6卓裕荣.电离层地震前兆之研究[D].台湾:国立中央大学太空科学研究所,2002.6Chuo Y J.A study of seismo-ionospheric precursor[D].Taiwan:NCU Institute of Space Science,2002.(in Chi-nese)
7吴云,等.利用地基GPS探测震前电离TEC异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(2):36-40.7Wu Yun,et al.Preseismic ionospheric TEC anomaly detec-ted by ground-based GPS[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geo-dynamics,2005,25(2):36-40.(in Chinese)
8杨剑,吴云,周义炎.利用GPS无线电掩星数据研究震前电离层异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,28(1):16-22.8Yang Jian,Wu Yun and Zhou Yiyan.Research on seismo-i-onospheric anomalies using GPS radio occultation data[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008,28(2):16-22.(in Chinese)
9赵必强,等,震前电离层扰动研究进展及汶川地震前电离层变化[J].科技导报,2008,26(11):30-33.9Zhao Biqiang,et al.Recent advances on the ionospheric pre-cursor of earthquake and ionospheric variation prior to Wen-chuan earthquake[J].Science and Technology Review,2008,26(11):30-33.(in Chinese)
10Leonard R S and Barnes R A.Observation of ionospheric disturbances following the Alaska earthquake[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1965,70(5):1250-1253.
11Calais E M.GPS detection of ionospheric TEC perturba-tions following the January17,1994,Northirdge earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett,1995,22:1045-1048.
12Zaslavski Y,Parrot M and Blance E.Analysis of VTEC measurements above active seismic regions[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Int,1998,105:219-228.
13Pulinets S A.Strong earthquakes prediction possibility with the help of topside sounding from satellites[J].Advances in Space Research,1998,21(3):455-458.
14Liu J Y,et al.Seismo-ionospheric signature prior toM≥6.0Taiwan earthquakes[J].Geophysic Research Letters,2000,27(19):3113-3116.
15Silina A S,et al.Seismo-ionospheric phenomena before strong earthquakes[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2001,1:113-118.
16Chuo Y J,et al.The anomalies in the prior toM6.0Tai-wan earthquakes[A].Seismo Electromagnetic:Litho-sphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling[C].Tokyo:Terra Scientific Publishing Compary,2002,309-312.
17Pulinets S A.Ionospheric precursors of earthquakes;recent advances in theory and practical applications[J].TAO,2004,15(3):413-415.
18Pulinets S A,et al.Main phenomenological features of ion-ospheric precursors of strong earthquakes[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2003,65:1337-1347.
19Sorokina V M,Chmyrevb V M and Yaschenko A K.Theo-retical model of DC electric field formation in the iono-sphere stimulated by seismic activity[J].Journal of Atmos-pheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2005,67:1259-1268.
20Wilson B D,et al.Subdaily northern hemisphere ionospheric maps using an extensive network of GPS receivers[J].Ra-dio Science,1999,30:639.
21Yuan Y B and Ou J K.Preliminary results and analyses of using IGS GPS data to determine global ionospheric TEC[J].Progress in Natural Science,2003,13(8):446.
22Pulinets S A..Seismic activity as a source of the ionospher-ic variability[J].Adv.Space Research,1998,22(6):903-906.
23Kim VP and Hegai VV.Apossible presage of strong earth-quake in the night-time mid-latitude region ionosphere[A].Atmospheric and Ionospheric Electromagnetic Phe-nomena associated with Earthquakes[C].Tokyo:Terra Scientific Publishing Company,1999:619-627.
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