大气电场异常作为地震短临预报标志研究进展
|
摘要
通过对华北地区进行震前大气电场异常观测研究的较为全面分析和总结 ,验证和论述了震前大气电场异常的基本特征 ,用大量的震例证实了在每次较大的近场地震发生前都能观测到该类异常现象 ,以及当较长一段时间内观测不到该类异常时 ,近场近期也不会有较大地震发生的可能。给出并验证了异常与地震三要素间的一些定量或定性的判定指标。进一步用震例总结、较长一段时间的连续监测实践以及在地震短临预报实践中的应用结果 ,论述了异常信息与地震发生间可能存在的内在关系。并根据物理学的基本理论深入探讨了地震电场异常产生的机理和传播规律 ,较好地解释观测到的非常明显的大气电场负异常现象。最后 ,通过对大气电场观测方法和一般地电场观测方法的对比分析 ,指出了大气电场在地震电场观测研究中的优势和作用
The basic characteristics of anomaly of quasi-static atmospheric electric field before local earthquakes are expounded and proved based on systematic analysis.Observational research on anomalies of static atmospheric field in northern China was summed up for2 0 years.It is confirmed that these anomalies are always observed before every bigger local earthquake.There will be no large local shock in the nearfuture ifthere is no big negative amplitude anomaly recorded.Some quantitative and qualitative judgement indexes are set forward and proved wtih anomaly and occurrence time,epicenter location and magnitude of the shock.The further summation of earthquake examples,the result of longer and continuous observation and practice are applied to describe the possible internal relation between anomaly information and earthquake occurrence.Based on the theory of physics, the existing mechanism and transmission regularity of electric field of earthquakes are studies.Very obvious negative anomalies of atmospheric electric field that observed have been well explained.At last,the superiority and the consequence of static atmospheric field in observational research of the earthquake electric field are pointed outby comparing and analysing the observational method of static and general electric field.
The basic characteristics of anomaly of quasi-static atmospheric electric field before local earthquakes are expounded and proved based on systematic analysis.Observational research on anomalies of static atmospheric field in northern China was summed up for2 0 years.It is confirmed that these anomalies are always observed before every bigger local earthquake.There will be no large local shock in the nearfuture ifthere is no big negative amplitude anomaly recorded.Some quantitative and qualitative judgement indexes are set forward and proved wtih anomaly and occurrence time,epicenter location and magnitude of the shock.The further summation of earthquake examples,the result of longer and continuous observation and practice are applied to describe the possible internal relation between anomaly information and earthquake occurrence.Based on the theory of physics, the existing mechanism and transmission regularity of electric field of earthquakes are studies.Very obvious negative anomalies of atmospheric electric field that observed have been well explained.At last,the superiority and the consequence of static atmospheric field in observational research of the earthquake electric field are pointed outby comparing and analysing the observational method of static and general electric field.
引文
1 王六桥 .试论地震预报研究 .地震学报 ,1 997,1 9(1 ) :99～ 1 0 1 .
2 黄录基 .地光 .地震出版社 ,1 997,1 2 0～ 1 34.
3 郝建国 ,李德瑞 ,刘小芹 .震前大气电场观测研究初探 .见 :国家地震局科技监测司编 .首都圈地震短临预报新方法观测与研究 .北京 :地震出版社 ,1 994.31～ 39.
4 郝建国 .近地表大气电场异常与地震 .地震学报 ,1 988,1 0 (2 ) :2 0 6～ 2 1 2 .
5 孙景群编著 .大气电学基础 .北京 :气象出版社 ,1 987.31 6.
6 Mason B J.The physics of clouds.London Oxford University Press,1 971 .1 73～ 1 92 .
7 郝建国 ,唐天明 ,李德瑞 .一种地震短临前兆信息 :震前大气电场异常研究 .地震学报 ,1 998,2 0 (1 ) :1 0 1～ 1 0 8.
8 郝建国 ,张云福 ,潘怀文 ,等 .震前极低频电磁异常及其频谱特征 .地震学报 ,1 995,1 7(1 ) :81～ 88.
9 郝建国 ,柳松 .大气电场观测研究在近场地震短临预报中的应用 .中国地震 ,1 990 ,6(3) :87～ 91 .
1 0 Jackson D D.Earthquake prediction evaluation standards applied to the VAN methed.Geophys ResLett,1 996,2 3(1 1 ) :1 363～ 1 366.
1 1 张天中 ,刘元壮 ,赵明 .大气电场地震预报方法的评估及其他 .震情研究 ,1 997,34(3) :1 0 6～ 1 0 8.
1 2 郝建国 ,潘怀文 ,李德瑞 .震前大气电场异常的区域性特征 .地震 ,1 993,(6) :48～ 54.
1 3 祁贵仲 .“膨胀”磁效应 .地球物理学报 ,1 978,2 1 (1 ) :1 8～ 33.
1 4 徐世浙 .关于压磁效应和膨胀磁效应 .地震学报 ,1 979,1 (1 ) :76～ 81 .
1 5 包德修 ,和仁道 ,马伟林 ,等 .地震电磁信息的偶电体模型 .中国地震 ,1 991 ,7(4) :83～ 86.
1 6 Mulargia F,Gsperini P.Evaluating the statistical validity beyond chance of VAN earthquake precur-sors.Geophysical Journal International,1 992 ,1 1 1 :32～ 44.
1 7 藤绳幸雄 ,高桥耕三 ,谷贞治 .地震直前先行现象としての极低周地中电界变动 .地震 ,1 990 ,43(2 ) :2 87～ 2 90
2 黄录基 .地光 .地震出版社 ,1 997,1 2 0～ 1 34.
3 郝建国 ,李德瑞 ,刘小芹 .震前大气电场观测研究初探 .见 :国家地震局科技监测司编 .首都圈地震短临预报新方法观测与研究 .北京 :地震出版社 ,1 994.31～ 39.
4 郝建国 .近地表大气电场异常与地震 .地震学报 ,1 988,1 0 (2 ) :2 0 6～ 2 1 2 .
5 孙景群编著 .大气电学基础 .北京 :气象出版社 ,1 987.31 6.
6 Mason B J.The physics of clouds.London Oxford University Press,1 971 .1 73～ 1 92 .
7 郝建国 ,唐天明 ,李德瑞 .一种地震短临前兆信息 :震前大气电场异常研究 .地震学报 ,1 998,2 0 (1 ) :1 0 1～ 1 0 8.
8 郝建国 ,张云福 ,潘怀文 ,等 .震前极低频电磁异常及其频谱特征 .地震学报 ,1 995,1 7(1 ) :81～ 88.
9 郝建国 ,柳松 .大气电场观测研究在近场地震短临预报中的应用 .中国地震 ,1 990 ,6(3) :87～ 91 .
1 0 Jackson D D.Earthquake prediction evaluation standards applied to the VAN methed.Geophys ResLett,1 996,2 3(1 1 ) :1 363～ 1 366.
1 1 张天中 ,刘元壮 ,赵明 .大气电场地震预报方法的评估及其他 .震情研究 ,1 997,34(3) :1 0 6～ 1 0 8.
1 2 郝建国 ,潘怀文 ,李德瑞 .震前大气电场异常的区域性特征 .地震 ,1 993,(6) :48～ 54.
1 3 祁贵仲 .“膨胀”磁效应 .地球物理学报 ,1 978,2 1 (1 ) :1 8～ 33.
1 4 徐世浙 .关于压磁效应和膨胀磁效应 .地震学报 ,1 979,1 (1 ) :76～ 81 .
1 5 包德修 ,和仁道 ,马伟林 ,等 .地震电磁信息的偶电体模型 .中国地震 ,1 991 ,7(4) :83～ 86.
1 6 Mulargia F,Gsperini P.Evaluating the statistical validity beyond chance of VAN earthquake precur-sors.Geophysical Journal International,1 992 ,1 1 1 :32～ 44.
1 7 藤绳幸雄 ,高桥耕三 ,谷贞治 .地震直前先行现象としての极低周地中电界变动 .地震 ,1 990 ,43(2 ) :2 87～ 2 90
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心