基于小波变换的爆破地震信号去噪的应用
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摘要
运用小波变换在不同的尺度下观察信号局部化特征。由于信号和噪声具有不同的奇异性,它们的二进小波变换模的极大值在不同尺度下的传播特性也不相同。在相邻模极小构成的待选通域中分析出噪声局部极大值所在的选通域进行平滑处理,从而得到局部信号的小波系数,将其反变换重建出去噪后的信号。将该方法用于爆破地震信号去噪声,结果表明:这种方法计算简单,且去噪效果较好。
Using the wavelet transform,the localization of signal in different scales can be observed.Because characteristics of signal singularity differ from that of noise,the local maximum of their binary wavelet transform modules is also different.Local maximum values of noise are analyzed from adjacent modular minimum and the smoothing is conducted over the pass-regions,at which local maximum of noise is located.The wavelet coefficients of local signal may be gained and the de-noised signal is reconstructed by their inverse transform.The method is used to de-noise in blasting seismic data.The result proves that the method is simple and effective.
Using the wavelet transform,the localization of signal in different scales can be observed.Because characteristics of signal singularity differ from that of noise,the local maximum of their binary wavelet transform modules is also different.Local maximum values of noise are analyzed from adjacent modular minimum and the smoothing is conducted over the pass-regions,at which local maximum of noise is located.The wavelet coefficients of local signal may be gained and the de-noised signal is reconstructed by their inverse transform.The method is used to de-noise in blasting seismic data.The result proves that the method is simple and effective.
引文
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[14]范显峰,姜兴渭.基于小波包变换的信号去噪方法研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,35(7):809811.FAN Xian-feng,JIANG Xing-wei.Signal de-noisebased on wavelet packets transform[J].Journal ofHarbin Institute of Technology,2003,35(7):809811.
[15]盛国芳,胡欣,沈毅.子波变换在信号去噪中的应用[J].探测与控制学报,2002,24(4):21 24.SHENG Guo-fang,HU Xin,SHEN Yi.The applica-tion of wavelet transform in signal de-noising[J].Journal of Detection and Control,2002,24(4):2124.
[16]田金文,高谦,杜拥军.基于小波变换模极大值的地震信号去噪处理方法[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(1):22 26.TIAN Jin-wen,GAO Qian,DU Yong-jun.A seismicdata processing method based on modular maximumof wavelet transform[J].Journal of Jianghan Petro-leum Institute,2001,23(1):22 26.
[2]Daubechies I.The wavelet transform time-frequencylocation and signal analysis[J].IEEE Transactions onInformation Theory,1990,36(5):961 1005.
[3]Hirabyashi T,Takayasu H,Miura H,et al.The be-havior of a threshold model of market price in stock ex-change[J].Fractals,1993,1(1):29 40.
[4]Donho.Adapting to unknown smoothness via waveletshrinkage[J].JASA,1995,90:1200 1224.
[5]Mallat S,Hwang W L.Singularity detection and pro-cessing with wavelet[J].IEEE Trans on InformationTheory,1992,38(2):617 643.
[6]Mallat S,Zhang S.Characterization of signals frommultiscale edges[J].IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysisand Machine Inteligence,1992,14(7):710 732.
[7]Ckui C K.An introduction to wavelets[M].Academ-ic Press Inc,1992:18 31.
[8]胡昌华,张军波,夏军,等.基于MATLAB的系统分析与统计—小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999:210 232.HU Chang-hua,ZHANG Jun-bo,XIA Jun,et al.System analysis and processing based on MATLAB—wavelet analysis[M].Xi’an:Xidian UniversityPress,1999:210 232.
[9]强琳,刘贵忠.利用小波变换多尺度传播特性实现地震信号去噪[J].西安交通大学学报,1998,32(1):29 32.QIANG Lin,LIU Gui-zhong.A denoising method ofseismic data based on multi-scale propagate behavior ofwavelet transform[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong Uni-versity,1998,32(1):29 32.
[10]凌同华,李夕兵.爆破振动信号不同频带的能量分布规律[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2004,35(2):310 315.LIN Tong-hua,LI Xi-bin.Lasvs of energy distribu-tion in different frequency bands for blast vibrationsignals[J].Journal of Center South University:Sci-ence and Technology,2004,35(2):310 315.
[11]刘春生,张晓春.实用小波分析[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2002:92 101.LIU Chun-sheng,ZHANG Xiao-chun.PracticalityWavelet Analysis[M].Xuzhou:China University ofMining Technology Press,2002:92 101.
[12]李刚,谢云,陈正汉.小波分析在试验信号消噪方面的应用[J].岩土力学,2003,24(1):103 105.LI Gang,XIE Yun,CHEN Zheng-han.Applicationof wavelet analysis to filtering noise of test signal[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(1):103105.
[13]姜弢,刘庆普,胡留军.地震信号去噪的小波方法研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2002,23(4):8690.JIANG Tao,LIU Qing-pu,HU Liu-jun.De-noisingof seismic signals using wavelet transform[J].Jour-nal of Harbin Engineering University,2002,23(4):86 90.
[14]范显峰,姜兴渭.基于小波包变换的信号去噪方法研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,35(7):809811.FAN Xian-feng,JIANG Xing-wei.Signal de-noisebased on wavelet packets transform[J].Journal ofHarbin Institute of Technology,2003,35(7):809811.
[15]盛国芳,胡欣,沈毅.子波变换在信号去噪中的应用[J].探测与控制学报,2002,24(4):21 24.SHENG Guo-fang,HU Xin,SHEN Yi.The applica-tion of wavelet transform in signal de-noising[J].Journal of Detection and Control,2002,24(4):2124.
[16]田金文,高谦,杜拥军.基于小波变换模极大值的地震信号去噪处理方法[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(1):22 26.TIAN Jin-wen,GAO Qian,DU Yong-jun.A seismicdata processing method based on modular maximumof wavelet transform[J].Journal of Jianghan Petro-leum Institute,2001,23(1):22 26.
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