浅层地震折射波法综述
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摘要
浅层地震折射波法是在工程地质、水文地质及环境地质勘查中广泛应用的地震探测方法之一。在工程地质调查中,根据不同的场地地质条件和勘察目的,合理地正确应用浅层折射波法可以取得较明显的岩土工程勘察效果。本文简要地回顾了浅层地震折射法的发展历史,对各种新近发展的折射波解释方法进行了简单的介绍和比较,并列举了工程勘察中的应用领域。
The shallow seismic refraction method is one of the main methods of exploration for engineering,hydrogeological and environmental geology. According to the different geological conditions and investigation purposes in engineering geological investigation,with right application of the reasonable seismic refraction method,more obvious result of geotechnical engineering survey can be gained. This paper briefly looked back to the developing history of shallow seismic refraction method and carried on the simple introduction and comparison of various update interpretation methods. It presented some applied fields in engineering geologic investigation by the seismic refraction method.
The shallow seismic refraction method is one of the main methods of exploration for engineering,hydrogeological and environmental geology. According to the different geological conditions and investigation purposes in engineering geological investigation,with right application of the reasonable seismic refraction method,more obvious result of geotechnical engineering survey can be gained. This paper briefly looked back to the developing history of shallow seismic refraction method and carried on the simple introduction and comparison of various update interpretation methods. It presented some applied fields in engineering geologic investigation by the seismic refraction method.
引文
[1]王振东.浅层地震勘探应用技术[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:32-117.W A N G Zhen-dong.A pplied techniques ofshallow seis-m ic exploration[M].Beijing:G eologicalPublishing House,1988:32-117.
[2]帕尔默D.折射地震学(构造和速度的横向分辨率)[M].袁明德,王建谋,译.北京:地质出版社,1989:14-89.Palm erD.Refraction seism ics(the lateralresolution of structure and seism ic velocity)[M].Y U A N M ing-de,W A N G Jian-m ou translated.Beijing:G eologicalPublish-ing H ouse,1989:14-89.
[3]谢里夫R E,吉尔达特L P.勘探地震学(第二版)[M].初英,李承楚,王宏伟,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,1999:523-556.SherifR E,G eldartL P.Exploration seism ology(V ersion2)[M].CH U Y ing,LICheng-chu,W A N G H ong-w ei,et altranslated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1999:523-556.
[4]北京铀矿地质研究所浅层地震组.浅层地震探测方法与技术[M].北京:原子能出版社,1982:41-84.Shallow Seism ic Set,Institute ofBeijing U ranium M ineral G eology.M ethodsand techniques ofshallow seism ic ex-ploration[M].Beijing:A tom atic Energy Press,1982:41-84.
[5]熊章强,方根显.浅层地震勘探[M].北京:地震出版社,2002:79-90.X IO N G Zhang-qiang,FA N G G en-xian.Shallow seism ic prospecting[M].Beijing:Seism ic Press,2002:79-90.
[6]Stam JC.M orden developm entsin shallow seism ic refrac-tion techniques[J].Geophysics,1962,27:198-212.
[7]Thornburgh H R.W ave-frontdiagram sin seism ic interpre-tation[J].BullAm er Assoc Petroleum Geologists,1930,14(2):185-200.
[8]H agedoorn J G.The plus-m inus m ethod ofinterpreting seism ic refraction sections[J].Geoph Prosp,1959,7(2):158-182.
[9]H ales F W.A n accurate graphicalm ethod forinterpreting seism ic refraction lines[J].Geoph Prosp,1958,6:285-294.
[10]G ardnerL W.A n area plan ofm apping subsurface struc-ture by refraction shooting[J].Geophysics,1939,4:247-259.
[11]Barthelm esA J.A pplication ofcontinuousprofiling to re-fraction shooting[J].Geophysics,1946,11:24-42.
[12]TarrantL H.A rapid m ethod ofdeterm ining the from ofa seism ic refractorfrom line profile results[J].Geoph Prosp,1956,4:131-139.
[13]Barry K M.D elay tim e and its application to refraction profile interpretation[C]//M usgrave A W.Seism ic re-fraction prospecting.Tulsa,O kla:Soc ExplG eophy,1967:348-361.
[14]A dachiR.O n a proofoffundam entalform ula concerning refraction m ethod ofgeophysicalprospecting and som e re-m arks[J].K um am oto J Sci,1954,2:18-23.
[15]M ota L.D eterm ination ofdips and depths ofgeological layers by the seism ic refraction m ethod[J].Geophysics,1954,19:242-254.
[16]Johnson S H.Interpretation ofsplit-dip refraction data in term s ofplane dipping layers[J].Geophysics,1976,41:418-424.
[17]H aw kinsL V.The reciprocalm ethod ofroutine shallow seism ic refraction investigation[J].G eophysics,1961,26:808-819.
[18]Palm erD.The generalized reciprocalm ethod ofseism ic refraction interpretation[M].Tulsa,O kla.:Soc Expl G eophy,1980:104.
[19]Palm erD.A n introduction to the generalized reciprocal m ethod ofseism ic refraction interpretation[J].Geophy-sics,1981,46:1508-1518.
[20]Palm er D.The resolution of narrow low-velocity zones w ith the generalized reciprocalm ethod[J].Geoph Prosp,1991,39:1031-1060.
[21]Sjogen B.A briefstudy ofapplication ofthe generalized reciprocalm ethod[J].Geoph Prosp,2000,48:815-834.
[22]H atherly P J,N evile M J.Experience w ith the generalized reciprocalm ethod of seism ic refraction interpretation for shallow engineering site investigation[J].Geophysics,1986,51:255-265.
[23]K evin T K,R egerA N,W R M cLam ore,etal.Seism ic re-fraction atH orse M esa D am:an application ofthe general-ized reciprocalm ethod[J].Geophysics,1986,51:266-275.
[24]Lankston R W.The seism ic refraction m ethod:a viable toolform apping shallow targetsinto the1990's[J].Geo-physics,1989,54:1535-1542.
[25]Tak M L.Exam ination ofthe optim um X Y value by ray tracing[J].G eophysics,1995,60:1151-1156.
[26]Tak M L.Controlsoftraveltim e data and problem softhe generalized reciprocalm ethod[J].Geophysics,2003,68:1626-1632.
[27]ZH A N G Jie,Toksoz M N.N onlinearrefraction traveltim e tom ography[J].Geophysics,1998,63:1726-1737.
[28]ZanziL.R efraction statics forcom plex nearsurface m od-e[lJ].Geoph J,1993,30:25-33.
[29]ZanziL.The W IN m ethod forrefraction statics[J].Geo-physics,1996,61:1859-1870.
[30]李平,方昌流.地震折射波方法在基底构造探测中的应用[J].东北地震研究,1994,10(4):72-74.LIPing,FA N G Chang-liu.A pplication ofseism ic refrac-tion m ethod to exploring basem enttectonic[J].North-eastSeism ologicalResearch,1994,10(4):72-74.
[31]陈星,陈福.浅层地震折射波法在探测河床覆盖层厚度中的应用[J].浙江水利科技,2004(5):12-13.CH EN X ing,CH EN Fu.Shallow seism ic refraction m eth-od in application to detecting the layerthicknessofthe riv-erbed[J].Zhejiang H ydrotechnics,2004(5):12-13.
[32]薛荣俊,李选民.浅层地震在复杂断裂带探测中的应用研究[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1999,29(1):148-152.X U E Rong-jun,LIX uan-m in.A pplication ofshallow seis-m ic survey to the prospecting of com plicated fault zone[J].Journal of Ocean U niversity of Q ingdao,1999,29(1):148-152.
[33]薛荣俊,张维冈,李金山,等.浅层地震折射波法在跨河大桥中的应用[J].海洋技术,1997,16(4):39-43.X U E Rong-jun,ZH A N G W ei-gang,LIJin-shan,etal.A p-plication and study ofthe shallow seism ic exploration in the geology survey ofthe bridge place crossthe river[J].Ocean Technology,1997,16(4):39-43.
[34]温昆娣.用浅层地震折射法探测桥梁隧道所在地的基岩和构造[J].华南地震,1990,10(4):60-65.W EN K un-di.Exploration offundam entalrock and struc-ture atthe site ofbridge and tennelby the m ethod ofshal-low seism ic refracted w ave[J].South China Seism ologi-calJournal,1990,10(4):60-65.
[35]雷宛,孙渊.浅层地震析射波法在隧道勘察中的应用[J].西安地质学院学报,1989,11(2):87-93.LEIW an,SU N Y uan.A pplication ofshallow seism ic re-fraction to exploring tennels[J].JournalofXi'an College ofG eology,1989,11(2):87-93.
[36]熊章强,方根显.浅层折射波法在隧道工程地质调查中的应用[J].水文地质与工程地质,2001(1):63-66.X IO N G Zhang-qiang,FA N G G en-xian.A ppication of shallow seism ic refraction on tunnel-geologic engineering[J].H ydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2001(1):36-66.
[37]蔡大江,白应甫.浅层地震反射波与折射波法同步勘测应用实例[J].工程勘察,1996,24(1):69-72.CA ID a-jiang,B A IY ing-fu.A pplied exam ple ofsynchro-nousexploration by shallow seism ic reflection m ethod and seism ic refraction m ethod[J].G eotechnicalInvestigation&Surveying,1996,24(1):69-72.
[38]潘纪顺,张先康,刘保金,等.城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探研究[J].中国地震,2003,19(2):148-157.PA N Ji-shun,ZH A N G X ian-kang,LIU B ao-jin,et al.Re-search on detecting urban active faultsby shallow seism ic exploration m ethod w ith anti-disturbance high resolution[J].Earthquake Research in China,2003,19(2):148-157.
[39]段佳松.浅层地震折射波法配合电测深法在花岗岩地区找水[J].地质与勘探,1999,35(3):46-48.D U A N Jia-song.C om bination of shallow refraction seis-m ic survey w ith electricalsounding m ethod used forw ater research in the granite-covered area[J].G eology&Pros-pecting,1999,35(3):46-48.
[40]H aeniF P.A pplication ofseism ic refraction m ethods in groundw aterm odeling studies in N ew England[J].Geo-physics,1986,51:236-249.
[41]TsokasG N,ParazachosC B,A ntonisV,etal.The detec-tion ofm onum entaltom bsburied in Tum uliby seism ic re-fraction[J].Geophysics,1995,60:1735-1742.
[42]CardarelliE,BernabiniM.Tw o case studiesofthe detem-ination ofparam eters ofurban w aste dum ps[J].Geophy J,1997,36:167-174.
[43]D e Iaco R,G reen A G,M aurerH R,et al.A com bined seism ic reflection and refraction study ofa landfilland its hostsedim ents[J].G eoph J,2003,52:139-156.
[2]帕尔默D.折射地震学(构造和速度的横向分辨率)[M].袁明德,王建谋,译.北京:地质出版社,1989:14-89.Palm erD.Refraction seism ics(the lateralresolution of structure and seism ic velocity)[M].Y U A N M ing-de,W A N G Jian-m ou translated.Beijing:G eologicalPublish-ing H ouse,1989:14-89.
[3]谢里夫R E,吉尔达特L P.勘探地震学(第二版)[M].初英,李承楚,王宏伟,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,1999:523-556.SherifR E,G eldartL P.Exploration seism ology(V ersion2)[M].CH U Y ing,LICheng-chu,W A N G H ong-w ei,et altranslated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1999:523-556.
[4]北京铀矿地质研究所浅层地震组.浅层地震探测方法与技术[M].北京:原子能出版社,1982:41-84.Shallow Seism ic Set,Institute ofBeijing U ranium M ineral G eology.M ethodsand techniques ofshallow seism ic ex-ploration[M].Beijing:A tom atic Energy Press,1982:41-84.
[5]熊章强,方根显.浅层地震勘探[M].北京:地震出版社,2002:79-90.X IO N G Zhang-qiang,FA N G G en-xian.Shallow seism ic prospecting[M].Beijing:Seism ic Press,2002:79-90.
[6]Stam JC.M orden developm entsin shallow seism ic refrac-tion techniques[J].Geophysics,1962,27:198-212.
[7]Thornburgh H R.W ave-frontdiagram sin seism ic interpre-tation[J].BullAm er Assoc Petroleum Geologists,1930,14(2):185-200.
[8]H agedoorn J G.The plus-m inus m ethod ofinterpreting seism ic refraction sections[J].Geoph Prosp,1959,7(2):158-182.
[9]H ales F W.A n accurate graphicalm ethod forinterpreting seism ic refraction lines[J].Geoph Prosp,1958,6:285-294.
[10]G ardnerL W.A n area plan ofm apping subsurface struc-ture by refraction shooting[J].Geophysics,1939,4:247-259.
[11]Barthelm esA J.A pplication ofcontinuousprofiling to re-fraction shooting[J].Geophysics,1946,11:24-42.
[12]TarrantL H.A rapid m ethod ofdeterm ining the from ofa seism ic refractorfrom line profile results[J].Geoph Prosp,1956,4:131-139.
[13]Barry K M.D elay tim e and its application to refraction profile interpretation[C]//M usgrave A W.Seism ic re-fraction prospecting.Tulsa,O kla:Soc ExplG eophy,1967:348-361.
[14]A dachiR.O n a proofoffundam entalform ula concerning refraction m ethod ofgeophysicalprospecting and som e re-m arks[J].K um am oto J Sci,1954,2:18-23.
[15]M ota L.D eterm ination ofdips and depths ofgeological layers by the seism ic refraction m ethod[J].Geophysics,1954,19:242-254.
[16]Johnson S H.Interpretation ofsplit-dip refraction data in term s ofplane dipping layers[J].Geophysics,1976,41:418-424.
[17]H aw kinsL V.The reciprocalm ethod ofroutine shallow seism ic refraction investigation[J].G eophysics,1961,26:808-819.
[18]Palm erD.The generalized reciprocalm ethod ofseism ic refraction interpretation[M].Tulsa,O kla.:Soc Expl G eophy,1980:104.
[19]Palm erD.A n introduction to the generalized reciprocal m ethod ofseism ic refraction interpretation[J].Geophy-sics,1981,46:1508-1518.
[20]Palm er D.The resolution of narrow low-velocity zones w ith the generalized reciprocalm ethod[J].Geoph Prosp,1991,39:1031-1060.
[21]Sjogen B.A briefstudy ofapplication ofthe generalized reciprocalm ethod[J].Geoph Prosp,2000,48:815-834.
[22]H atherly P J,N evile M J.Experience w ith the generalized reciprocalm ethod of seism ic refraction interpretation for shallow engineering site investigation[J].Geophysics,1986,51:255-265.
[23]K evin T K,R egerA N,W R M cLam ore,etal.Seism ic re-fraction atH orse M esa D am:an application ofthe general-ized reciprocalm ethod[J].Geophysics,1986,51:266-275.
[24]Lankston R W.The seism ic refraction m ethod:a viable toolform apping shallow targetsinto the1990's[J].Geo-physics,1989,54:1535-1542.
[25]Tak M L.Exam ination ofthe optim um X Y value by ray tracing[J].G eophysics,1995,60:1151-1156.
[26]Tak M L.Controlsoftraveltim e data and problem softhe generalized reciprocalm ethod[J].Geophysics,2003,68:1626-1632.
[27]ZH A N G Jie,Toksoz M N.N onlinearrefraction traveltim e tom ography[J].Geophysics,1998,63:1726-1737.
[28]ZanziL.R efraction statics forcom plex nearsurface m od-e[lJ].Geoph J,1993,30:25-33.
[29]ZanziL.The W IN m ethod forrefraction statics[J].Geo-physics,1996,61:1859-1870.
[30]李平,方昌流.地震折射波方法在基底构造探测中的应用[J].东北地震研究,1994,10(4):72-74.LIPing,FA N G Chang-liu.A pplication ofseism ic refrac-tion m ethod to exploring basem enttectonic[J].North-eastSeism ologicalResearch,1994,10(4):72-74.
[31]陈星,陈福.浅层地震折射波法在探测河床覆盖层厚度中的应用[J].浙江水利科技,2004(5):12-13.CH EN X ing,CH EN Fu.Shallow seism ic refraction m eth-od in application to detecting the layerthicknessofthe riv-erbed[J].Zhejiang H ydrotechnics,2004(5):12-13.
[32]薛荣俊,李选民.浅层地震在复杂断裂带探测中的应用研究[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1999,29(1):148-152.X U E Rong-jun,LIX uan-m in.A pplication ofshallow seis-m ic survey to the prospecting of com plicated fault zone[J].Journal of Ocean U niversity of Q ingdao,1999,29(1):148-152.
[33]薛荣俊,张维冈,李金山,等.浅层地震折射波法在跨河大桥中的应用[J].海洋技术,1997,16(4):39-43.X U E Rong-jun,ZH A N G W ei-gang,LIJin-shan,etal.A p-plication and study ofthe shallow seism ic exploration in the geology survey ofthe bridge place crossthe river[J].Ocean Technology,1997,16(4):39-43.
[34]温昆娣.用浅层地震折射法探测桥梁隧道所在地的基岩和构造[J].华南地震,1990,10(4):60-65.W EN K un-di.Exploration offundam entalrock and struc-ture atthe site ofbridge and tennelby the m ethod ofshal-low seism ic refracted w ave[J].South China Seism ologi-calJournal,1990,10(4):60-65.
[35]雷宛,孙渊.浅层地震析射波法在隧道勘察中的应用[J].西安地质学院学报,1989,11(2):87-93.LEIW an,SU N Y uan.A pplication ofshallow seism ic re-fraction to exploring tennels[J].JournalofXi'an College ofG eology,1989,11(2):87-93.
[36]熊章强,方根显.浅层折射波法在隧道工程地质调查中的应用[J].水文地质与工程地质,2001(1):63-66.X IO N G Zhang-qiang,FA N G G en-xian.A ppication of shallow seism ic refraction on tunnel-geologic engineering[J].H ydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2001(1):36-66.
[37]蔡大江,白应甫.浅层地震反射波与折射波法同步勘测应用实例[J].工程勘察,1996,24(1):69-72.CA ID a-jiang,B A IY ing-fu.A pplied exam ple ofsynchro-nousexploration by shallow seism ic reflection m ethod and seism ic refraction m ethod[J].G eotechnicalInvestigation&Surveying,1996,24(1):69-72.
[38]潘纪顺,张先康,刘保金,等.城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探研究[J].中国地震,2003,19(2):148-157.PA N Ji-shun,ZH A N G X ian-kang,LIU B ao-jin,et al.Re-search on detecting urban active faultsby shallow seism ic exploration m ethod w ith anti-disturbance high resolution[J].Earthquake Research in China,2003,19(2):148-157.
[39]段佳松.浅层地震折射波法配合电测深法在花岗岩地区找水[J].地质与勘探,1999,35(3):46-48.D U A N Jia-song.C om bination of shallow refraction seis-m ic survey w ith electricalsounding m ethod used forw ater research in the granite-covered area[J].G eology&Pros-pecting,1999,35(3):46-48.
[40]H aeniF P.A pplication ofseism ic refraction m ethods in groundw aterm odeling studies in N ew England[J].Geo-physics,1986,51:236-249.
[41]TsokasG N,ParazachosC B,A ntonisV,etal.The detec-tion ofm onum entaltom bsburied in Tum uliby seism ic re-fraction[J].Geophysics,1995,60:1735-1742.
[42]CardarelliE,BernabiniM.Tw o case studiesofthe detem-ination ofparam eters ofurban w aste dum ps[J].Geophy J,1997,36:167-174.
[43]D e Iaco R,G reen A G,M aurerH R,et al.A com bined seism ic reflection and refraction study ofa landfilland its hostsedim ents[J].G eoph J,2003,52:139-156.
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