爆破参量对爆破振动信号能量分布特征影响的研究
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摘要
为从能量分布角度研究爆破振动信号以控制爆破地震危害,利用小波包技术对比分析了单段和多段微差爆破、单段有无临空面等不同爆破条件下监测到的爆破振动信号各频带上的能量分布特性,研究结果表明:爆破振动信号能量集中分布在200 Hz以下的主振频带附近,主振频带又可分为几个子振带;爆破振动信号中高频(90～125 Hz)成分的衰减快于低频(0～75 Hz)成分;单段爆破条件下振动信号在低频带上的能量分布要高于多段微差爆破时振动信号在该频带上的能量分布;当炮孔有临空面时,炸药爆炸后穿过岩石粉碎区并以地震波形式传播的能量会减小;单段爆破时,药量的增加会导致振动信号总能量的明显增加,但对于各频带能量分布规律的影响并不明显。
To study blasting seismic signal from the features of energy distribution point and to control the blasting vibration hazard,the wavelet packet technology was used to comparatively analyze the energy distribution at different frequency band considering millisecond delay and free face effect.Results show that the energy of blasting seismic signal mostly concentrates on the dominant frequency band(below 200 Hz) which was divided into several sub-bands.The attenuation of high frequency(90～125 Hz) components was more rapid than low frequency(0～75 Hz) components in blasting seismic signal.Compared to multi-millisecond blasting,the energy of single blasting vibration signal focuses much more on low frequency band.The seismic wave from explosive energy across the rock crushing zone decreased due to the free face effect.In the case of single blasting,the total energy of blasting vibration signal increased obviously with charge amount,while the energy distribution change little.
To study blasting seismic signal from the features of energy distribution point and to control the blasting vibration hazard,the wavelet packet technology was used to comparatively analyze the energy distribution at different frequency band considering millisecond delay and free face effect.Results show that the energy of blasting seismic signal mostly concentrates on the dominant frequency band(below 200 Hz) which was divided into several sub-bands.The attenuation of high frequency(90～125 Hz) components was more rapid than low frequency(0～75 Hz) components in blasting seismic signal.Compared to multi-millisecond blasting,the energy of single blasting vibration signal focuses much more on low frequency band.The seismic wave from explosive energy across the rock crushing zone decreased due to the free face effect.In the case of single blasting,the total energy of blasting vibration signal increased obviously with charge amount,while the energy distribution change little.
引文
[1]娄建武,龙源.爆破震动信号的特征提取及识别技术研究[J].振动与冲击,2003,22(3):80-82.[1]LOU Jian-wu,LONG Yuan.Study on characteristic ab-straction and identification techniques for blasting vibra-tion signal[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2003,22(3):80-82.(in Chinese)
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[6]凌同华,李夕兵.多段微差爆破振动信号频带能量分布特征的小波包分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(7):1117-1122.[6]LING Tong-hua,LI Xi-bing.Analysis of energy distribu-tions of millisecond blast vibration signals using the wave-let packet method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2005,24(7):1117-1122.(in Chinese)
[7]凌同华,李夕兵.单段爆破振动信号频带能量分布特征的小波包分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(5):41-43.[7]LING Tong-hua,LI Xi-bing.Features of energy distribu-tion of single deck blast vibration signals with waveletpacket analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(5):41-43.(in Chinese)
[8]JUN Iyama,HISTOSHI Kuwamura.Application of wave-lets to analysis and simulation of earthquake motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1999,3(28):255-272.
[9]GARY G Yen,LIN Kuo-chung.Wavelet packet feature ex-traction for vibration monitoring[J].IEEE Transactions onIndustrial Electronics,2000,47(3):650-667.
[10]DAUBECHIES I.The wavelet transform,time-frequencylocalization and single analysis[J].IEEE Transactionson Information Theory,1990,36(5):961-1005.
[11]J Henrych,著.爆炸动力学及其应用[M].熊建国,等,译.北京:科学出版社,1987.
[2]凌同华,李夕兵.基于小波变换的时-能分布确定微差爆破的实际延迟时间[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(13):2266-2270.[2]LING Tong-hua,LI Xi-bing.Time-energy analysis basedon wavelet transform for identifying real delay time in mil-lisecond blasting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2004,23(13):2266-2270.(in Chi-nese)
[3]阳生权,廖先葵,刘宝琛.爆破地震安全判据的缺陷与改进[J].爆炸与冲击,2001,21(3):223-228.[3]YANG Sheng-quan,LIAO Xian-kui,LIU Bao-chen.Defaultof the judging standard of blasting vibration safety abstract[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2001,21(3):223-228.(inChinese)
[4]中国生,房营光,徐国元.基于小波变换的建(构)筑物爆破振动效应评估研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(8):121-124.[4]ZHONG Guo-sheng,FANG Ying-guang,XU Guo-yuan.Studyon blasting vibration effect assessment of structure based onwavelet transform.[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(8):121-124.(in Chinese)
[5]中国生,敖丽萍,赵奎.基于小波包能量谱爆炸参量对爆破振动信号能量分布的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2009,29(3):300-305.[5]ZHONG Guo-sheng,AO Li-ping,ZHAO Kui.Influence ofexplosion parameters on energy distribution of blasting vi-bration signal based on wavelet packet energy spectrum[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2009,29(3):300-305.(in Chinese)
[6]凌同华,李夕兵.多段微差爆破振动信号频带能量分布特征的小波包分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(7):1117-1122.[6]LING Tong-hua,LI Xi-bing.Analysis of energy distribu-tions of millisecond blast vibration signals using the wave-let packet method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2005,24(7):1117-1122.(in Chinese)
[7]凌同华,李夕兵.单段爆破振动信号频带能量分布特征的小波包分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(5):41-43.[7]LING Tong-hua,LI Xi-bing.Features of energy distribu-tion of single deck blast vibration signals with waveletpacket analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(5):41-43.(in Chinese)
[8]JUN Iyama,HISTOSHI Kuwamura.Application of wave-lets to analysis and simulation of earthquake motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1999,3(28):255-272.
[9]GARY G Yen,LIN Kuo-chung.Wavelet packet feature ex-traction for vibration monitoring[J].IEEE Transactions onIndustrial Electronics,2000,47(3):650-667.
[10]DAUBECHIES I.The wavelet transform,time-frequencylocalization and single analysis[J].IEEE Transactionson Information Theory,1990,36(5):961-1005.
[11]J Henrych,著.爆炸动力学及其应用[M].熊建国,等,译.北京:科学出版社,1987.
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